ENVIRONMENT: CLIMATE CHANGE

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Word formation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply spelling rules to write words with affixes
- Distinguish easily confused words in written texts
- Avoid word confusion errors that could change the meaning of environmental reports

The learner is guided to:
- Add affixes to words and observe how meanings change
- Use pairs of easily confused words in sentences
- Design charts featuring words with affixes

How do affixes change word meanings?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 38
- Dictionary
- Charts
- Sample sentences
- Exercise books

- Written exercises - Sentence construction - Peer assessment - Checklists

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use

Word Classes - Tense and phrasal verbs
Intensive Listening - Keywords, facts, and phrases
Reference Materials - Dictionary and thesaurus skills
Paragraphing Skills - Using connectors
Word Classes - Types of adjectives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct sentences in present, past, and future progressive forms
- Use phrasal verbs with appropriate meanings in context
- Describe environmental changes accurately using different tenses and aspects

The learner is guided to:
- Construct sentences in the present, past and future progressive from a substitution table
- Use phrasal verbs to make sentences with different meanings
- Select phrasal verbs with one particle and use them appropriately

How do tense and aspect help us express time in communication?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 34
- Substitution tables
- Charts
- Sample sentences
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 41
- Audio/video recordings
- Note-taking materials
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 54
- Dictionary
- Thesaurus
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 67
- Sample texts
- Pictorials
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 60
- Posters

- Written exercises - Sentence construction - Oral questions - Peer assessment

AI AND SOCIETY: HEALTHCARE

Listening and Speaking
Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Intensive Listening - Recognizing figurative language
Reference Materials - Multiple sources
Paragraphing Skills - Topic and clincher sentences
Word Classes - Degrees of comparison
Speaking Fluency - Using non-verbal communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify figurative language and fixed phrases in oral texts
- Interpret similes, metaphors, and personification in context
- Understand figurative expressions used in health awareness campaigns

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to a poem and identify similes and metaphors used
- Identify things that have been given human qualities (personification)
- Use fixed expressions from dialogues in sentences

How does figurative language enhance meaning in texts?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 43
- Poems
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 56
- Encyclopaedia
- Atlas
- Manuals
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 69
- Sample paragraphs
- Writing process charts
- Exercise books
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 63
- Sample texts
- Crossword puzzles
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 46
- Role play cards
- Recording devices
- Props

- Listening tests - Identification exercises - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use

Reference Materials - Current information sources
Paragraphing Skills - Essay structure and paraphrasing
Word Classes - Prepositions of place, time, and manner

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Extract information from newspapers on various topics
- Make notes from reference materials
- Stay informed about health developments and medical news through newspapers

The learner is guided to:
- Read newspaper articles and identify key information
- Make notes from texts related to artificial intelligence in healthcare
- Share findings with peers for feedback

How do newspapers help us stay informed about current events?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 59
- Newspapers
- Note-taking materials
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 70
- Sample essays
- Paraphrasing exercises
- Exercise books
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 65
- Crossword puzzles
- Sample sentences

- Note-taking assessment - Information extraction tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

TRAVEL: ADVENTURE

Listening and Speaking
Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Selective Listening - Following instructions
Study Skills - Using library resources
Mechanics of Writing - Quotation marks
Determiners - Using articles correctly
Selective Listening - Note-taking from recordings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Give and follow instructions for carrying out different tasks
- Ask for and give clear directions to a place
- Follow travel instructions and navigation directions accurately

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to an oral text and brainstorm ways of selecting and noting down specific information
- Give simple, clear instructions
- Play games such as cue games and simulate instructions

Why do we give instructions and directions?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 73
- Audio recordings
- Maps
- Digital devices
- Game materials
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 83
- Library resources
- Call numbers
- Note cards
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 92
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 88
- Sample sentences
- Teacher's Guide
- Audio/video recordings
- Note-taking materials
- Role play cards

- Instruction-following tests - Direction-giving assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Study Skills - Interpreting visual information
Mechanics of Writing - Dashes, hyphens, and slashes
Determiners - Demonstratives and possessives
Conversational Skills - Word choice and formality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use visuals to predict what a text is about
- Interpret pictures, graphs, and charts in reading materials
- Use travel brochures and maps to plan adventures

The learner is guided to:
- Study pictures and predict the story they tell
- Write outlines based on visual predictions
- Discuss why illustrations are important in reading

How do visuals help us understand texts better?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 86
- Pictures
- Charts
- Travel brochures
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 93
- Sample texts
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 90
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 76
- Audio recordings
- Poems
- Stories

- Prediction assessment - Visual interpretation tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Study Skills - Conducting library research
Mechanics of Writing - Capitalisation
Phrases - Noun and verb phrase structure
Interactive Listening - Conversational skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Observe library etiquette while using library resources
- Follow steps in conducting library research
- Research travel safety tips and destination information effectively

The learner is guided to:
- Brainstorm ways of making the library a conducive environment
- Write a list of library rules
- Conduct research on a travel-related topic following proper steps

What rules should we follow when using a library?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 84
- Library resources
- Research materials
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 94
- Sample texts
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 90
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 96
- Audio recordings
- Video clips
- Role play cards

- Research assessment - Library etiquette observation - Oral questions - Peer assessment

CAREERS: PUBLIC SECTOR

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading

Intensive Reading - Pre-reading strategies
Functional Writing - Writing memos
Word Classes - Types of adverbs
Interactive Listening - Active listening skills
Intensive Reading - Comprehension strategies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Make predictions about events, people, and places in a text
- Preview texts by looking at titles, pictures, and paragraphs
- Preview job advertisements and career documents effectively

The learner is guided to:
- Look at the title, pictures, and first and last paragraphs of a passage
- Write key words and phrases that help answer prediction questions
- Ask questions that activate previous knowledge about the subject

What strategies can one use to enhance understanding of a text?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 102
- Various texts
- Job advertisements
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 114
- Sample memos
- Exercise books
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 106
- Crossword puzzles
- Sample sentences
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 97
- Audio recordings
- Role play cards
- Expression cards
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 103
- Comprehension passages
- Career-related texts

- Prediction assessment - Comprehension tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading

Functional Writing - Personal writing
Word Classes - Degrees of adverbs
Conversational Skills - Digital communication etiquette
Intensive Reading - Building understanding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Write personal journals and diaries while adhering to the format
- Use informal register in personal writing
- Reflect on career goals and experiences through journal writing

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss with peers the format of a diary/personal journal
- Search online and share samples of diaries and journals
- Compose a diary/journal entry collaboratively

How can keeping a journal help us track our growth and experiences?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 112
- Sample journals
- Sample diaries
- Digital devices
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 107
- Charts
- Tables
- Sample sentences
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 100
- Video conferencing platforms
- Netiquette guidelines
- Role play cards
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 105
- Comprehension passages
- Dictionary

- Journal writing assessment - Format evaluation - Peer review - Self-assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading

Functional Writing - Polite and formal writing
Phrases - Types of phrases
Responsive Listening - Connecting with a Speaker
Reading Fluency - Speed, Accuracy and Prosody

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use euphemisms appropriately in formal writing
- Distinguish between formal and informal language
- Write professional emails and letters using appropriate formal language

The learner is guided to:
- Read paragraphs and identify euphemisms used to replace unpleasant words
- Distinguish between formal and informal expressions
- Use euphemisms and formal language in sentences

Why do we use polite expressions in professional communication?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 110
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 108
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 116
- Audio recordings
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 123
- Audio books
- Flashcards

- Written exercises - Identification tests - Peer review - Checklists

CULTURE: VALUES AND BELIEFS

Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use

Creative Writing - Narrative Essays
Word Classes - Relative Pronouns
Responsive Listening - Showing Empathy and Avoiding Distractions
Reading Fluency - Pitch, Pace, Volume and Intonation
Creative Writing - Drafting Narrative Essays
Clauses - Relative Clauses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline the structure of narrative compositions for information
- Identify features of narrative essays in sample texts
- Use narrative writing techniques in personal storytelling

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to or read a narrative together with peers
- Pick out the features of narrative essays
- Discuss the beginning, body and ending of the narrative
- Brainstorm topics for narrative essays

How can you make a narrative composition interesting?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 135
- Sample narrative essays
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 126
- Crossword puzzles
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 117
- Audio recordings
- Role play materials
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 124
- Choral verses
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 136
- Sample essays
- Writing materials
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 127
- Pictures

- Written questions - Peer assessment - Checklists - Portfolio assessment

Listening and Speaking
Reading
Writing

Speaking Fluency - Word Stress
Reading Fluency - Expressive Reading
Creative Writing - Descriptive Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish word classes based on the placement of stress
- Stress disyllabic words correctly in oral communication
- Apply correct stress patterns when giving speeches or making announcements

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to a recording and note the part of the word that is stressed
- Say whether each highlighted word is used as a noun or a verb based on stress
- Come up with a list of words that are stressed on the second syllable for both noun and verb

Why is it important to stress words correctly?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 120
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Word lists
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 125
- Poems and narratives
- Recording devices
- Digital platforms
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 131
- Sample descriptive essays
- Mind maps
- Charts

- Oral presentation - Peer assessment - Observation - Checklists

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use

Clauses - Adverbial Clauses of Time and Reason
Critical Listening - Distinguishing Facts and Opinions
Intensive Reading - Comprehension Strategies
Functional Writing - Letter Structure
Clauses - Noun Clauses Beginning with 'That' and 'What'

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use adverbial clauses of place, time, and reason to express different meanings
- Construct sentences featuring adverbial clauses
- Apply adverbial clauses when explaining events or giving reasons in daily communication

The learner is guided to:
- Search from books or the Internet for information on adverbial clauses of time and reason
- Identify clauses which show when something happened and ones that show why
- Complete sentences using adverbial clauses from a substitution table

When do we use adverbial clauses to explain our actions?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 130
- Substitution tables
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 138
- Audio recordings
- Graphic organisers
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 144
- Pictures
- Narrative texts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 150
- Sample letters
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 148
- Sample sentences
- Exercise books

- Written exercises - Peer assessment - Oral questions - Checklists

SPORTS AND GAMES: POPULAR SPORTS

Listening and Speaking
Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Critical Listening - Evaluating Accuracy
Intensive Reading - Making Inferences
Functional Writing - Letters of Apology and Appreciation
Clauses - Noun Clauses as Subjects
Speaking Fluency - Sounds /f/, /ŋ/ and Consonant Blend /ŋɡ/

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate information from an oral text for accuracy
- Select specific details from an oral text
- Apply critical evaluation skills when listening to advertisements or promotional content

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to a recording of a newspaper article and write down the facts and the opinions
- Work in groups to compare lists and come up with one final list
- Present the list in a graphic organiser and display for feedback

How do we verify whether information we hear is accurate?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 139
- Audio recordings
- Newspaper articles
- Graphic organisers
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 146
- Narrative texts
- Dictionaries
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 151
- Sample letters
- Writing materials
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 149
- Dialogues
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 140
- Word lists
- Tongue twisters

- Oral questions - Group assessment - Peer assessment - Checklists

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use

Intensive Reading - Shades of Meaning
Functional Writing - Letters of Acceptance and Emails
Clauses - Using Noun Clauses in Communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarise information from a text for comprehension
- Distinguish between denotative and connotative meanings of words
- Interpret figurative language in poems, songs, or advertisements

The learner is guided to:
- Study words and answer questions about their literal and associated meanings
- Place words under what they normally associate them with in a table
- Write down the meaning of words used in the narrative

How do words carry different meanings in different contexts?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 147
- Dictionaries
- Narrative texts
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 154
- Sample emails
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 150
- Play scripts
- Performance space

- Vocabulary tests - Written questions - Peer assessment - Checklists

HEALTH AND SAFETY: PERSONAL SAFETY

Listening and Speaking
Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Intensive Listening - Interpreting Visuals
Study Skills - Survey, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review
Creative Writing - Expository Writing
Clause Patterns - SV, SVO, SVOO
Intensive Listening - Interpreting Non-verbal Cues

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Make predictions about events or characters in an oral text
- Answer direct and inferential questions for listening comprehension
- Use visual cues to understand safety instructions or emergency procedures

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to the story of Bill Gates in a video
- Study questions based on the story and provide answers
- Make notes on relationships described in the recording

How do we get meaning from an oral text?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 158
- Video recordings
- Digital devices
- Note-taking materials
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 165
- Passages
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 172
- Sample paragraphs
- Writing materials
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 168
- Sample sentences
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 159
- Videos
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Written questions - Observation - Checklists

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Study Skills - Paraphrasing, Summarising and Note Making
Creative Writing - Argumentative (Persuasive) Writing
Clause Patterns - Constructing Sentences
Speaking Fluency - Accuracy, Expression and Speed

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Make notes based on texts they have read
- Paraphrase and summarise information from varied descriptive texts
- Create study notes and summaries for revision purposes

The learner is guided to:
- Watch video recordings on note-making and summary writing
- Create a poster or chart showing the steps for writing a summary
- Rewrite the paragraph on vehicle-related factors in own words

Why do we paraphrase information?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 167
- Video recordings
- Passages
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 173
- Sample paragraphs
- Writing materials
- Statistics and facts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 170
- Sample sentences
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 162
- Oral narratives
- Recording devices
- Digital devices

- Written questions - Summary assessment - Peer assessment - Checklists

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Study Skills - Writing Summaries
Creative Writing - Argumentative and Expository Essays
Sentence Types - Simple and Compound Sentences
Selective Listening - Filtering and Extracting Information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarise information from varied descriptive texts or articles to enhance understanding
- Apply summarising skills for research projects or presentations
- Create concise summaries for research projects or presentations

The learner is guided to:
- Outline the steps of writing a summary
- Make notes from the text on road crashes
- Write a summary from the notes in not more than 50 words

How can we write a summary that is informative?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 167
- Descriptive texts
- Note-taking materials
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 175
- Sample essays
- Writing materials
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 171
- Paragraphs
- Charts
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 178
- Audio recordings

- Summary assessment - Written questions - Peer assessment - Checklists

INCOME: TYPES AND SOURCES

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading

Critical/Close Reading - Purpose, Audience and Attitude
Functional Writing - Reminders
Sentences - Active Voice and Passive Voice
Selective Listening - Characters, Events and Messages
Critical/Close Reading - Interpreting Vocabulary

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse the audience, purpose, and attitude of a text
- Describe different purposes for writing (educate, inform, persuade, entertain)
- Identify target audience when reading advertisements or public notices

The learner is guided to:
- Work in pairs and explain the different purposes for writing
- Read the notes on writer's purpose, audience, and attitude
- Imagine being asked to make a speech and discuss why it is useful to know the audience

For whom was this passage written?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 185
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 198
- Sample reminders
- Calendars
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 191
- Sample sentences
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 178
- Oral narratives
- Audio recordings
- Role play materials
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 187
- Dictionaries

- Written questions - Oral questions - Peer assessment - Checklists

Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use

Functional Writing - Short Reports
Sentences - Using Passive Voice
Speaking Fluency - Sounds /ð/ and /θ/ and Intonation
Critical/Close Reading - Purpose and Structure
Functional Writing - Questionnaires
Sentences - Subject-Verb Agreement

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format of incident and newspaper reports for information
- Write reports using chronological or inverted pyramid approach
- Write incident reports for workplace or school situations

The learner is guided to:
- Read the Information Corner on two main ways of writing a simple report
- Study the sample incident report and identify its features
- Write an incident report about a school event

How do we write reports that are clear and informative?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 194
- Sample reports
- Writing materials
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 192
- Sample sentences
- Exercise books
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 179
- Word lists
- Tongue twisters
- Audio recordings
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 188
- Speeches
- Sample texts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 199
- Sample questionnaires
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 189

- Written assessment - Peer assessment - Rubrics - Portfolio evaluation