LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Routine Livestock Rearing Practices - Feeding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define flushing and steaming up. Give reasons for flushing and steaming up. Describe creep feeding of piglets, lambs, kids and kindlings. State time periods for steaming up in different animals.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of new concepts on feeding practices. Discussion on importance of flushing. Probing questions on creep feeding. Brief discussion on feeding management.

Chart showing feeding practices. Student textbooks. Feeding time tables. Pictures of young animals feeding.

KLB BK III Pgs 27-31

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Vaccination and Deworming
Hoof Trimming and Docking
Dipping, Spraying and Dusting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State properties of good vaccines. Give examples of common vaccines. Explain reasons for deworming and docking. Describe vaccination programs and deworming procedures.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of vaccination concepts. Discussion on vaccine properties. Brainstorming on deworming importance. Brief discussion on parasite control.

Sample vaccines pictures. Sample dewormers pictures. Vaccination charts. Deworming equipment pictures.
Tools used in hoof trimming pictures. Docking equipment pictures. Charts showing procedures. Before and after pictures.
Cattle dip pictures. Spraying equipment pictures. Dusting equipment pictures. Parasite control charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 32-36

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Breeding-related Practices
Identification of Livestock - Branding and Ear Tagging
Identification Methods - Ear Notching and Tattooing
Debeaking, Tooth Clipping and Culling
Dehorning Methods
Castration and Caponisation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify practices related to breeding. Explain crutching and ringing procedures. Describe tupping and serving ratios. Define raddling and its importance.
Give reasons for debeaking and tooth clipping. Describe procedures for each practice. Give reasons for culling animals. Cite basis of culling animals.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of breeding practices. Brief discussion on wool cutting procedures. Discussion on mating ratios. Probing questions on identification methods.
Question and answer on poultry management. Brief discussion on piglet management. Brainstorming on culling importance. Exposition of culling criteria.

Breeding practice charts. Wool shears pictures. Breeding ratio tables. Raddling demonstration materials.
Branding equipment pictures. Ear tagging tools pictures. Identification charts. Before and after pictures.
Ear notching charts. Tattooing equipment pictures. Method comparison tables. Animal suitability guides.
Debeaking tools pictures. Tooth clipping equipment. Culling criteria charts. Good vs poor producer comparisons.
Dehorning tools pictures. Method demonstration charts. Safety equipment pictures. Procedure step charts.
Castration tools pictures. Method comparison charts. Surgical equipment pictures. Hormone treatment information.

KLB BK III Pgs 40-41
KLB BK III Pgs 45-46

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Management During Parturition
Bee Keeping - Importance and Bee Colony
Types of Hives and Stocking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline management practices during parturition. Identify signs of farrowing in different animals. Describe drift and pen lambing. Explain preparation for kidding and calving.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brainstorming on parturition management. Exposition of management practices. Detailed discussion on different species. Question and answer session.

Parturition management charts. Species-specific guides. Preparation checklists. Management protocol sheets.
Different types of bees pictures. Life cycle charts. Apiary location guides. Bee colony structure diagrams.
Different hive types pictures. Stocking equipment pictures. Hive comparison charts. Procedure demonstration materials.

KLB BK III Pgs 52-56

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Bee Management and Honey Harvesting
Fish Farming - Importance and Requirements
Fish Pond Management - Stocking, Feeding and Harvesting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for feeding bees. Identify pests and diseases affecting bees. Cite reasons for swarming of bees. Describe honey harvesting process and equipment.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on bee feeding importance. Brief discussion on pest control. Exposition of swarming causes. Detailed discussion on harvesting procedures.

Bee feeding equipment pictures. Pest identification charts. Honey harvesting tools pictures. Processing equipment demonstrations.
Fish pond pictures. Site requirement charts. Construction procedure diagrams. Soil testing equipment pictures.
Fish stocking pictures. Feeding equipment pictures. Harvesting nets pictures. Preservation method charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 66-72

FARM STRUCTURES

Planning and Siting Farm Structures
Types of Construction Materials
Construction Materials - Stones, Concrete and Mud Blocks
Construction Materials - Metals, Timber and Treatment
Parts of a Building - Foundation
Parts of a Building - Walls and Roof

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors considered when planning farm structures. State factors considered when siting farm structures. Describe site preparation procedures. Discuss relationship between structures.
Identify types of metals used in construction. Describe timber treatment methods. Explain chemical treatment procedures. State advantages of treated materials.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on farm structure importance. Discussion on planning factors. Exposition of siting factors. Question and answer on site preparation.
Discussion on metal types and uses. Exposition of timber treatment methods. Brief discussion on chemical treatment. Question and answer on treatment benefits.

Charts on farm structures. Planning factor lists. Site requirement guides. Pictures of different farm structures.
Samples of construction materials. Material comparison charts. Property demonstration materials. Cost comparison tables.
Stone samples. Concrete block examples. Mud block samples. Ratio calculation charts.
Metal construction samples. Timber treatment charts. Chemical treatment procedure guides. Before and after treatment examples.
Foundation diagrams. Construction procedure charts. Foundation material samples. Cross-section illustrations.
Wall construction diagrams. Roof structure charts. Building component illustrations. Construction tool pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 83-84
KLB BK III Pgs 84-88

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Crushes
Livestock Structures - Plunge Dips

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give examples of livestock structures. State uses of crushes in livestock management. Describe crush construction requirements. Explain siting factors for crushes.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on livestock structure uses. Discussion on crush importance. Exposition of construction requirements. Brief discussion on maintenance needs.

Crush design diagrams. Livestock management charts. Construction material lists. Maintenance procedure guides.
Plunge dip diagrams. Component identification charts. Material requirement lists. Maintenance schedule examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Machakos Dips and Spray Race
Livestock Structures - Dairy Sheds and Zero Grazing Units
Livestock Structures - Calf Pens

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compare Machakos dip with plunge dip. Describe spray race components. State advantages of spray race over dips. Explain operational requirements for spray systems.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on dip type comparison. Exposition of spray race components. Brief discussion on operational advantages. Question and answer on system requirements.

Dip comparison charts. Spray race diagrams. Component identification guides. Operational procedure charts.
Dairy shed layout diagrams. Zero grazing unit charts. Component identification guides. Maintenance requirement lists.
Calf pen design diagrams. Structural requirement charts. Design variation illustrations. Maintenance procedure guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Poultry Houses
Piggery Units and Rabbitry
Fish Ponds and Bee Hives
Farm Stores and Silos
Fences - Types and Construction
Wire Fences and Live Fences

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of poultry houses. Describe structural requirements for poultry housing. State construction materials for poultry structures. Explain ventilation requirements in poultry houses.
State structural requirements for farm stores. Describe different types of storage structures. Explain construction of silos and Cyprus bins. State maintenance requirements for storage structures.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on poultry housing types. Discussion on structural requirements. Exposition of construction materials. Brief discussion on ventilation needs.
Discussion on storage structure needs. Exposition of structural requirements. Brief discussion on silo construction. Question and answer on maintenance needs.

Poultry house design charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists. Ventilation system diagrams.
Piggery layout diagrams. Rabbit housing charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists.
Fish pond construction diagrams. Bee hive design charts. Construction procedure guides. Material requirement lists.
Storage structure diagrams. Silo construction charts. Structural requirement guides. Maintenance procedure lists.
Fence type illustrations. Construction procedure charts. Advantage/disadvantage comparison tables. Material requirement guides.
Wire fence construction diagrams. Live fence examples. Maintenance requirement charts. Fence comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 106-110
KLB BK III Pgs 124-130

FARM STRUCTURES
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Green Houses and Nursery Structures
Meaning of Land Tenure
Collective Land Tenure System - Communal

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline requirements for green house construction. Describe types of nursery structures. State factors considered when siting nursery structures. Explain construction materials for crop structures.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on protected cultivation. Discussion on green house requirements. Exposition of nursery structure types. Brief discussion on construction materials.

Green house design diagrams. Nursery structure charts. Construction material lists. Siting factor guides.
Charts on land tenure concepts. Student textbooks. Land tenure system diagrams. Tenure security illustrations.
Examples of communal land systems. Advantage/disadvantage charts. Community examples (Maasai). Problem identification guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 130-138

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Collective Land Tenure System - Co-operative and State
Individual Tenure System - Owner-operator
Individual Tenure System - Landlordism and Tenancy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of co-operative system. Describe state ownership of land. Give examples of co-operative land systems. Compare different collective tenure systems.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on co-operative land ownership. Exposition of state ownership systems. Brief discussion on examples. Comparison of collective systems.

Co-operative land examples. State land system charts. Comparison tables. ADC farm examples.
Individual land ownership examples. Title deed samples. Production planning charts. Security benefit illustrations.
Lease agreement examples. Landlord-tenant relationship charts. Rent payment systems. Leasehold land examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 142-144

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)

Individual Tenure System - Concession/Company
Fragmentation and Sub-division of Land
Effects of Fragmentation and Sub-division
Land Reform - Meaning and Objectives
Land Consolidation
Land Adjudication and Registration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of concession or company systems. Describe estate and plantation systems. Give examples of company land ownership. Explain government-company agreements.
Define land reform and its importance. Outline important objectives of land tenure reform. Explain land reform programmes. Describe integrated programmes for land control.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on company land ownership. Discussion on advantages and disadvantages. Exposition of plantation systems. Brief discussion on concession agreements.
Exposition of land reform concepts. Discussion on reform objectives. Brief discussion on programme types. Question and answer on land control.

Company land examples. Estate system charts. Plantation examples (Delmonte). Government agreement illustrations.
Fragmentation examples. Factor identification charts. Agricultural impact illustrations. Inheritance process guides.
Fragmented land examples. Management problem charts. Development impact illustrations. Extension service challenges.
Land reform definition charts. Objective identification guides. Programme type illustrations. Land control examples.
Land consolidation examples. Process flow charts. Advantage identification guides. Consolidated farm illustrations.
Adjudication process charts. Title deed examples. Registration procedure guides. Farmer benefit illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 147-152
KLB BK III Pgs 152-157

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II (LAND TENURE AND LAND REFORM)
CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)
CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)
CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)
CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Settlement and Resettlement
Maize - ecological requirements and varieties
Maize - land preparation and planting
Maize - field operations
Maize - pest and disease control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define settlement and resettlement concepts. Outline objectives of land redistribution. Explain development of settlement schemes in Kenya. Describe requirements for success of settlement schemes.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on settlement concepts. Discussion on redistribution objectives. Exposition of Kenyan settlement schemes. Brief discussion on success requirements.

Settlement scheme examples. Objective identification charts. Kenya settlement history. Success requirement guides.
Charts showing ecological zones, maize variety samples, maps of Kenya showing maize growing areas
Farm tools, certified maize seeds, measuring equipment, charts showing planting procedures
Fertilizer samples, calculators, charts showing application methods, herbicide containers
Pictures of maize pests, damaged maize plants, pest control chemicals

KLB BK III Pgs 152-157

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Finger millet production
Finger millet - field management and pest control
Bulrush millet and sorghum production
Sorghum - pest and disease control
Beans production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ecological requirements for finger millet. Identify finger millet varieties grown in Kenya. Describe land preparation and planting methods. Explain advantages of finger millet as a food security crop.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of finger millet characteristics. Discussion on growing conditions. Examination of finger millet specimens.

Finger millet samples, charts showing ecological requirements, pictures of finger millet fields
Fertilizer samples, finger millet storage containers, pictures of head blast disease
Bulrush millet and sorghum samples, charts comparing crop characteristics
Pictures of quelea birds, damaged sorghum plants, sorghum harvesting tools
Different bean variety samples, charts showing ecological requirements

KLB BK III Pg 204-206

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)
CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)
FORAGE CROPS
FORAGE CROPS
FORAGE CROPS

Beans - field operations and pest control
Rice production
Harvesting of industrial crops - cotton and pyrethrum
Harvesting of industrial crops - sugarcane and coffee
Harvesting of industrial crops - tea
Introduction and pasture classification
Pasture establishment and planting materials
Fertilizer application and legume inoculation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe field operations in beans including weeding and irrigation. Identify pests and diseases affecting beans. Explain control methods for bean diseases including halo blight and anthracnose. Outline harvesting methods for dry and green beans.
Describe harvesting methods for sugarcane including maturation indicators. Explain procedures for coffee cherry harvesting. State quality factors in coffee harvesting. Outline precautions during harvesting of tree crops.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on field management. Case study of bean diseases. Brain storming on disease control.
Discussion on crop maturation signs. Examination of coffee cherries at different stages. Brain storming on quality maintenance.

Pictures of bean diseases, diseased bean specimens, irrigation equipment
Maps showing rice schemes, pictures of rice fields, water control equipment
Cotton samples showing different grades, pyrethrum flowers, harvesting baskets
Sugarcane samples, coffee cherries at different ripeness stages, harvesting tools
Tea plucking stick, tea baskets, fresh tea specimens showing different plucking standards
Charts showing pasture classification, specimens of grasses and legumes, altitude maps
Farm tools, pasture seeds, rhizomes, splits, charts showing sowing methods
Fertilizer samples, rhizobium inoculant, charts showing nitrogen fixation, legume nodules

KLB BK III Pg 212-214
KLB BK III Pg 217-218

FORAGE CROPS

Pasture management practices
Pasture utilization and defoliation
Carrying capacity and grazing systems
Napier grass production
Other fodder crops
Agroforestry fodder and conservation introduction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify effects of weeds on pasture productivity and explain control measures. Describe top dressing procedures and reasons. Explain topping, reseeding and controlled grazing methods. State pest control measures in pastures.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Brain storming on weed problems and management practices. Discussion on fertilizer selection and grazing control. Demonstration of management principles.

Pictures of pasture weeds, fertilizer samples, slashing tools, charts showing management practices
Charts showing defoliation effects, pasture quality samples, grazing schedules
Calculators, carrying capacity charts, paddocking diagrams, pictures of grazing methods
Napier grass specimens, stem cuttings with nodes, fertilizer samples, cutting tools
Guatemala grass specimens, mangold samples, clover and lucerne specimens, desmodium varieties
Leucaenia and calliandra samples, charts showing conservation methods, seasonal feed charts

KLB BK III Pg 227-230

FORAGE CROPS

Hay making
Silage making and silo types
Silage quality and requirements calculation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe hay making procedures and steps. Outline factors determining hay quality including species and harvesting stage. Explain proper drying and storage methods for hay. State advantages and disadvantages of hay making.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Discussion on hay making steps. Exposition of quality factors. Brain storming on quality maintenance during storage.

Hay samples, charts showing hay making process, storage equipment diagrams
Charts showing silo types, silage samples, fermentation diagrams, pH testing materials
Calculators, silage quality charts, additive samples, measurement tools, calculation worksheets

KLB BK III Pg 245-247

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Introduction to livestock diseases and observable conditions
Terms used in livestock diseases
Classification and protozoan diseases - ECF and anaplasmosis
Protozoan diseases - coccidiosis and trypanosomiasis
Bacterial diseases - mastitis
Bacterial diseases - fowl typhoid and foot rot
Bacterial diseases - contagious abortion and scours
Bacterial diseases - black quarter, anthrax and pneumonia
Viral diseases - rinderpest and foot and mouth disease
Viral diseases - Newcastle, fowl pox and Gumboro
Viral diseases - African swine fever
Nutritional disorders - milk fever and bloat

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define disease and distinguish between symptoms and signs. Identify observable conditions for detecting disease including pulse rate, temperature, and body condition. Explain disease-causing organisms and predisposing factors. State the role of vectors in disease transmission.
Describe contagious abortion (brucellosis) as zoonotic disease. Explain symptoms including abortion and retained placenta. Describe scours in young animals and predisposing factors. Outline control measures including vaccination and hygiene.

In groups, learners are guided to:
Exposition of disease concepts. Discussion on disease symptoms. Brain storming on predisposing factors. Demonstration of animal observation techniques.
Discussion on zoonotic diseases. Case study of brucellosis control. Examination of scours symptoms. Brain storming on young animal management.

Charts showing disease symptoms, thermometer, pictures of sick animals, disease organism diagrams
Charts showing immunity types, vaccine samples, timeline charts for incubation periods
Disease classification charts, tick specimens, pictures of ECF symptoms, maps showing disease distribution
Pictures of coccidiosis symptoms, tsetse fly specimens, maps showing trypanosomiasis areas, drug samples
Pictures of mastitis symptoms, milk samples showing mastitis, milking equipment, antibiotic samples
Pictures of fowl typhoid symptoms, foot rot specimens, hoof trimming tools, foot bath chemicals
Charts showing brucellosis transmission, pictures of scours symptoms, vaccination schedules, hygiene materials
Pictures of black quarter symptoms, anthrax control procedures, vaccination equipment, ventilation diagrams
Pictures of rinderpest symptoms, foot and mouth disease lesions, quarantine procedures, vaccination records
Pictures of Newcastle symptoms, fowl pox lesions, Gumboro symptoms, poultry vaccination equipment
Pictures of African swine fever symptoms, pig management charts, quarantine procedures, disease control equipment
Calcium injection equipment, charts showing milk fever symptoms, bloat treatment tools, nutritional supplements

KLB BK III Pg 250-251
KLB BK III Pg 259-261