Performing and Displaying

Athletics - Understanding long jump and the sail technique

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the long jump event including its three key parts: runway, take-off board and landing sandpit.
- Identify the four phases of the long jump: approach, take-off, flight and landing.
- Appreciate the importance of safety measures when participating in long jump activities.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study a picture of a long jump facility and identify its key parts.
- Discuss the safety measures to observe when performing long jump.
- Watch a virtual or live long jump performance and observe how the athlete performs the four phases.

What are the key parts of a long jump facility and why does each matter?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 89
- Digital devices
- Long jump facility or open ground

- Oral questions - Observation

Performing and Displaying

Athletics - Watching and understanding the sail technique in long jump
Athletics - Demonstrating the sail technique in long jump
Athletics - Practising the sail technique in long jump
Athletics - Measuring and recording long jump performance
Athletics - Understanding high jump and the scissors technique
Athletics - Demonstrating the scissors technique in high jump

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the sail technique as the flight phase style used in long jump.
- Imitate the sail body position — legs extended forward, arms in front — as demonstrated after watching the video clip.
- Appreciate the importance of careful observation before attempting a new athletic technique.

- Apply the sail technique in long jump during a measured performance.
- Measure and record jump distances for each learner accurately.
- Appreciate personal improvement and give encouraging feedback to peers.

- Watch a video clip of an athlete performing the sail technique in long jump.
- Observe and describe the arm position, take-off foot placement, and body position in the air.
- Discuss how the sail position maximises jump distance.
- Each learner performs the sail technique long jump and a partner measures the distance.
- Record measurements in exercise books and identify the learner with the greatest distance.
- Discuss what aspects of technique contributed to longer jumps and how to improve.

How does maintaining the correct body position during flight help increase jump distance?
How is jumping skill useful in athletics and how can performance be improved through measurement?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 91
- Digital devices
- Long jump video link
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 92
- Long jump runway
- Take-off board or marked line
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 94
- Long jump runway, sandpit
- Cones or markers
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 94
- Long jump facility
- Tape measure, exercise books
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 95
- Digital devices
- High jump facility or improvised bar
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 97
- High jump bar at low height
- Landing mat

- Oral questions - Observation
- Observation - Written assignments

Performing and Displaying

Athletics - Practising the scissors technique in high jump
Athletics - Practising high jump through peer observation and feedback

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the correct landing sequence (non-take-off foot first, then take-off foot) before performing.
- Perform the full scissors technique including approach, take-off, flight and land safely in the correct foot order.
- Show appreciation for each other's effort and provide specific, encouraging feedback.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Set the high jump bar at a low starting height.
- Take turns practising the full scissors technique focusing on a smooth run-up and lifting one leg over first.
- Gradually increase the height to build skill mastery and appreciate each other's effort.

How does gradually increasing the jump height help build confidence and technique in high jump?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 97
- High jump bar and uprights
- Landing mat
- High jump facility

- Observation - Skill progression charts

Performing and Displaying

Athletics - Measuring and recording high jump performance
Athletics - Comparing sail technique (long jump) and scissors technique (high jump)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply the scissors technique in high jump during a measured performance.
- Record the heights cleared by each learner accurately.
- Reflect on personal technique using the self-assessment checklist.

- Each learner attempts the scissors technique at progressively increasing heights.
- Record the highest height cleared by each learner in exercise books.
- Complete the self-assessment checklist for athletics: sail technique and scissors technique.

How does measuring and recording performance help a learner track athletic improvement?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 98
- High jump bar and uprights
- Tape measure, exercise books
- Self-assessment checklists
- Exercise books

- Written assignments - Self-assessment worksheet

Performing and Displaying

Athletics - Interclass competition applying both techniques

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply the sail technique in long jump and scissors technique in high jump in an interclass competition.
- Record and compare performance measurements from the competition.
- Display integrity and positive sportsmanship when sharing performance feedback.

- Organise an interclass competition involving both long jump and high jump.
- Apply sail technique in long jump and scissors technique in high jump.
- Record measurements, identify the learner with greatest jump, and appreciate each other's effort.

Why is it important to maintain a consistent pace and apply correct technique during an athletics competition?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 99
- Long jump runway and sandpit
- High jump bar, uprights and landing mat

- Observation - Written assignments

Performing and Displaying

Descant Recorder - Understanding the Baroque fingering chart and recorder hygiene

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Observe and interpret the Baroque fingering chart for notes C D E F G A B C' D'.
- Demonstrate correct posture and hand position when holding the descant recorder.
- Appreciate the importance of hygiene measures in the shared use and care of the recorder.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study the Baroque fingering chart and practise covering and uncovering holes correctly.
- Demonstrate correct sitting or standing posture and hand position (left hand on top, right hand on bottom).
- Discuss hygiene measures: wipe mouthpiece before and after use, do not share the recorder.

How does correct posture and proper hygiene contribute to good recorder playing?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 100
- Descant recorders
- Baroque fingering chart

- Observation - Oral questions

Performing and Displaying

Descant Recorder - Playing notes C D E F G A B C' D' individually
Descant Recorder - Playing notes C–D' ascending and descending as a scale
Descant Recorder - Playing notes ascending and descending in pairs and groups

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the correct finger position for each note (C D E F G A B C' D') from the Baroque fingering chart.
- Play each note individually using correct fingering and the "tu" tonguing technique to produce a clear tone.
- Develop accuracy in producing a clear and steady tone for each note on the recorder.

- Identify the notes in the C–D' scale and confirm correct fingering before playing as a group.
- Play the C–D' scale ascending and descending in pairs and as a full group, maintaining steady tempo and synchrony.
- Appreciate the importance of listening to fellow players to stay in time.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Practise fingering each note individually using the Baroque chart as reference.
- Apply the tonguing technique to start each note by saying "tu" softly.
- Focus on producing a clear, steady tone for each note and correct any gaps in finger coverage.
- Practise playing the scale in pairs, listening carefully to each other.
- Play ascending and descending in a group, with the teacher or a leader keeping the beat.
- Start slowly and gradually increase speed as comfort with the fingerings improves.

How does correct fingering and tonguing technique help produce a clear tone on the recorder?
Why is listening to fellow musicians important when playing in a group?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 100
- Descant recorders
- Baroque fingering chart
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 101
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 101
- Descant recorders

- Observation - Oral questions

Performing and Displaying

Descant Recorder - Playing short melodies within the range of C–D'
Descant Recorder - Practising melodies and applying playing techniques

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the notes and rhythmic patterns in a given melody score before playing.
- Play given short melodies within the C–D' range on the recorder by following the letter notation and note symbols.
- Show interest in playing melodies accurately and musically on the recorder.

- Study the melodies given in the learner's book using letter notation.
- Follow along with the teacher or a resource person as the melodies are played step by step.
- Focus on playing each note clearly and maintaining a steady rhythm throughout each melody.

How does reading melody notation help a player perform a piece accurately on the recorder?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 101
- Descant recorders
- Melody score sheets
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 106

- Observation - Oral questions

Performing and Displaying

Descant Recorder - Searching for and learning from video recordings of recorder melodies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use the internet to find and watch videos of recorder players performing melodies using C–D' range notes.
- Identify finger positions, tonguing and posture from video observations and note at least two techniques to apply.
- Appreciate how observing skilled players online can accelerate improvement in own recorder playing.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Search for videos of recorder players performing melodies using the notes C D E F G A B C' D'.
- Watch carefully and note the finger positions, tonguing and posture of the players.
- Take notes on tips or techniques observed and apply them during the next practice session.

How can watching skilled recorder players online help improve your own technique?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 107
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Observation - Written assignments

Performing and Displaying

Descant Recorder - Listening to and learning the melody of the Kenya National Anthem
Descant Recorder - Playing the main melody of the Kenya National Anthem on the recorder

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the notes used in the main melody of the Kenya National Anthem: E G A B C' D'.
- Sing the first verse of the anthem in English and Kiswahili while clapping the rhythm.
- Appreciate the cultural and civic significance of the Kenya National Anthem.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Listen to the melody of the Kenya National Anthem with the teacher's guidance.
- Sing the first verse in both English and Kiswahili and clap the rhythm.
- Refer to the fingering chart and familiarise with the anthem notes: E, G, A, B, C', D'.

Why is it important for every Kenyan to know and be able to perform the National Anthem?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 107
- Descant recorders
- Kenya National Anthem score

- Oral questions - Observation

Performing and Displaying

Descant Recorder - Group performance of the Kenya National Anthem and melody presentation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the playing techniques to apply during the group performance: posture, fingering, tonguing, rhythm and hygiene.
- Perform the Kenya National Anthem and a chosen melody as a group before classmates and respond to feedback.
- Value the role of rehearsal and feedback in improving musical performance.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Rehearse the Kenya National Anthem and a chosen melody as a group.
- Perform before the class applying correct posture, fingering, tonguing and rhythm.
- Listen to positive feedback from classmates and identify one area each player will improve.

How does presenting a performance before an audience improve a musician's confidence and skill?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 107
- Descant recorders

- Observation - Oral questions

Performing and Displaying

Descant Recorder - Selecting and presenting individual recorder melodies
Descant Recorder - Reviewing recorder notes, techniques and performances
Descant Recorder - Recorder performance and peer assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the melody to perform and confirm all fingerings are secure before the individual performance.
- Select and perform a chosen melody confidently on the recorder, demonstrating consistency in fingering, tonguing, posture and rhythm.
- Appreciate peers' performances through specific, polite and constructive feedback.

- Identify the agreed assessment criteria (tone, fingering accuracy, rhythm, posture, hygiene) before the performance session.
- Perform the Kenya National Anthem or a chosen melody with confidence and assess own and peers' performances.
- Develop a positive and encouraging attitude towards musical performance.

- Each learner selects a melody they feel comfortable playing and presents it individually.
- The class observes and gives specific feedback on tone, fingering and rhythm.
- Reflect on the feedback received and plan how to incorporate it into future practice.
- Organise a recorder performance session where each learner or group plays a chosen piece.
- Use an agreed checklist to assess tone, accuracy, rhythm, posture and hygiene.
- Share feedback politely and celebrate individual and group progress.

What does a polished individual recorder performance show about a learner's musical growth?
How does peer assessment during a performance help musicians grow?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 107
- Descant recorders
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 100
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 107
- Descant recorders
- Peer assessment checklist

- Observation - Portfolio
- Observation - Checklist

Performing and Displaying

Descant Recorder - Extended practice: searching videos and playing Baroque repertoire
Descant Recorder - Recorder hygiene, maintenance and end-of-sub-strand review

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Search for and watch online performances of Baroque recorder repertoire using the C–D' range.
- Play a short passage on the recorder immediately after watching, deliberately applying one technique observed in the video.
- Appreciate how studying skilled performers through video inspires and improves own musical development.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Search online for recorder performances using the notes C D E F G A B C' D'.
- Identify finger positions, tonguing patterns and posture from the video.
- Choose one melody from the videos to learn and practise during the session.

How does exposure to skilled recorder performances inspire and improve a learner's own playing?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 106
- Digital devices, internet access
- Descant recorders
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 100
- Cleaning cloth, disinfectant wipes

- Observation - Oral questions

Performing and Displaying

Descant Recorder - End-of-sub-strand recorder performance and assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify all playing techniques to demonstrate during the assessment: posture, fingering, tonguing, rhythm and hygiene.
- Perform the Kenya National Anthem and a chosen melody for end-of-sub-strand assessment applying all techniques consistently.
- Reflect on overall recorder learning and set personal goals for continued musical development.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Perform the Kenya National Anthem and a chosen melody as a final assessment performance.
- Use an observation checklist to evaluate posture, fingering, tone, rhythm and hygiene.
- Share reflections on what was learnt and what aspects of recorder playing to develop further.

What does a confident, accurate recorder performance say about a learner's musical commitment?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 107
- Descant recorders
- Performance checklist

- Observation - Portfolio

Performing and Displaying

Swimming - Understanding breaststroke body position in swimming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the correct body position for breaststroke: head down, body horizontal, arms and legs extended.
- Demonstrate the breaststroke body position on the pool edge or in shallow water under teacher supervision.
- Appreciate swimming skills as essential life and survival skills.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Watch video clips of breaststroke swimming technique using digital devices or observe swimmers at a local pool.
- Study the breaststroke body position: lying horizontally, head facing down, body flat and streamlined.
- Discuss how the body position in breaststroke differs from front crawl learnt in the previous grade.

Why are swimming skills considered essential survival skills?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 126
- Digital devices
- Swimming pool

- Oral questions - Observation

Performing and Displaying

Swimming - Demonstrating breaststroke arm action and breathing technique
Swimming - Demonstrating breaststroke leg action

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the circular arm action sequence (palms out, sweep inward and downward, recover forward) before demonstrating.
- Demonstrate the breaststroke arm action and breathing pattern (inhale as head rises, exhale as head submerges).
- Appreciate the importance of observing all safety precautions to ensure a safe swimming environment.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Demonstrate the arm action: turn palms outward, sweep arms in a circular motion inward and downward, then recover forward to streamlined position.
- Demonstrate breathing: inhale as head rises, exhale underwater, and empty lungs before the head comes up.
- Observe safety measures: warm up before entering the pool, no running on the pool deck, no food or drinks at the pool.

How does coordinating arm action with breathing help a swimmer perform breaststroke efficiently?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 127
- Swimming pool
- Floaters (optional)
- Pool rail

- Observation - Skill progression charts

Performing and Displaying

Swimming - Practising breaststroke body position, arm action and leg kick
Swimming - Practising breaststroke in pairs with peer observation
Swimming - Practising breaststroke in a relay game set-up

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify which breaststroke component (body position, arm action, leg kick or breathing) needs most attention before the practice session.
- Practise the full breaststroke by holding a floater for leg action, then swimming the full stroke unaided across the pool.
- Appreciate the value of self-observation and teacher feedback in identifying and correcting technique errors.

- Swim the full breaststroke while a partner observes and gives feedback.
- Identify specific strengths and weaknesses in a partner's arm movement, leg movement and breathing.
- Show positive sportsmanship and encouragement when giving and receiving swimming feedback.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- From the streamlined position at the pool edge, practise arm action, breathing and leg action in sequence.
- Hold a floater and swim across the pool width focusing on leg action.
- Swim the full breaststroke across the pool width applying all three components together.
- Pair up and take turns swimming the full breaststroke while the partner watches from the pool side.
- Observe partner's arm movement, leg movement, breathing and glide position.
- Share observations politely and use feedback to make adjustments in the next attempt.

How does combining body position, arm action and leg kick produce a complete breaststroke?
How does peer observation during swimming practice help a learner improve breaststroke technique?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 128
- Swimming pool
- Floaters
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 128
- Swimming pool
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 129

- Observation - Skill progression charts
- Observation - Oral questions

Performing and Displaying

Swimming - Applying breaststroke across the pool and self-assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the breaststroke components to demonstrate before swimming across the pool for assessment.
- Swim across the pool using breaststroke and complete the self-assessment checklist for body position, arm action and leg kick.
- Reflect on personal water confidence and set goals for further swimming development.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Swim across the pool width using breaststroke individually and as part of a team game.
- Complete the self-assessment checklist: body position, arm action, single hand dig pass (checklist item), full breaststroke.
- Discuss what aspects of breaststroke feel most natural and what still needs more practice.

How does completing a self-assessment checklist help a swimmer track and improve performance?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 129
- Swimming pool
- Self-assessment checklist

- Self-assessment worksheet - Observation

Performing and Displaying

Swimming - Reviewing breaststroke technique and consolidating swimming skills
Swimming - Extended breaststroke practice and relay competition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate the full breaststroke technique with consistent body position, arm action, leg kick and breathing.
- Recall key safety precautions for all swimming activities.
- Appreciate swimming as a life skill and survival skill.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Swim the full breaststroke across the pool as a final review, applying all techniques.
- Discuss and recall all safety precautions: warm up before swimming, no running on pool deck, no food or drinks poolside.
- Share reflections on personal growth in water confidence and swimming skill.

Why is breaststroke considered both an athletic skill and a survival skill?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 130
- Swimming pool

- Observation - Oral questions

Performing and Displaying

Swimming - Observing peer breaststroke performance and giving feedback

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the four observation criteria (body position, arm action, leg kick, breathing) before beginning peer observation.
- Systematically observe a peer's breaststroke and write specific feedback on each of the four criteria in an observation sheet.
- Develop the habit of reflective observation as a tool for improving both own and peers' athletic performance.

- Each learner performs one width of breaststroke while a partner uses agreed criteria to observe.
- Focus feedback on four areas: body position, arm action, leg kick and breathing.
- Discuss observations as a pair, agree on the most important area to improve and practise it immediately.

How does giving structured feedback make you a better observer and a better swimmer?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 128
- Swimming pool
- Observation checklist

- Observation - Oral questions

Performing and Displaying

Swimming - End-of-sub-strand: full breaststroke assessment in game set-up
Swimming - Performing breaststroke in a timed relay event

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify all breaststroke components to demonstrate (body position, arm action, leg kick, breathing) before the assessment swim.
- Swim the full breaststroke demonstrating all components and apply breaststroke correctly in a relay game.
- Reflect on overall swimming learning and personal growth in water confidence throughout the sub-strand.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Swim the full breaststroke across the pool for end-of-sub-strand assessment.
- Participate in a relay game applying breaststroke correctly.
- Complete a reflection: describe one swimming technique mastered and one aspect still being developed.

How has learning breaststroke improved your confidence and safety in the water?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 129
- Swimming pool
- Assessment checklist
- Stopwatch

- Observation - Self-assessment worksheet

Performing and Displaying

Swimming - Peer teaching and consolidation of breaststroke technique
Swimming - Swimming endurance and technique consolidation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the correct terminology for all breaststroke components before peer-teaching begins.
- Teach breaststroke technique steps to a peer using correct terminology and consolidate all components in a final practice swim.
- Reflect on the value of swimming as both an athletic skill and an essential life and survival skill.

- Identify which breaststroke components to focus on maintaining as distance increases during the endurance challenge.
- Swim increasing distances using breaststroke with consistent technique, applying all components without coaching prompts.
- Value swimming endurance as both a fitness goal and an essential survival skill.

- Pair learners at different skill levels; the more confident swimmer coaches the other on body position, arm action, leg kick and breathing.
- Swim the full breaststroke together applying all components.
- Reflect: how has learning breaststroke prepared you for water emergencies?
- Set an endurance challenge: swim two or three widths of the pool using breaststroke continuously.
- Focus on maintaining correct body position, arm action, leg kick and breathing throughout.
- Debrief: discuss how improving breaststroke endurance connects to water safety and fitness.

How does teaching a swimming technique to a peer deepen your own understanding of the skill?
How does building swimming endurance alongside correct technique prepare a learner for real-life water situations?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 128
- Swimming pool
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 130
- Swimming pool

- Observation - Oral questions
- Observation - Skill progression charts

Performing and Displaying

Swimming - Final relay race and swimming celebration
Swimming - End-of-strand review: Performing and Displaying

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the relay rules and agree on team strategy before the final relay race begins.
- Swim the final relay race applying breaststroke technique correctly and compete as a team with full effort.
- Celebrate personal and group achievement and appreciate the progress made in breaststroke swimming.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Organise a final relay race as a celebration of the swimming sub-strand.
- Each team member swims one width of the pool using correct breaststroke.
- Celebrate participation and improvement; discuss how swimming skills can be maintained and developed outside school.

Why is celebrating swimming achievement important for building long-term water confidence?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 130
- Swimming pool
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 89, pg. 100, pg. 126
- Exercise books

- Observation - Checklist

Performing and Displaying

Indigenous Kenyan Instrumental Ensembles - Identifying categories of indigenous Kenyan instrumental ensembles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the four categories of indigenous Kenyan instrumental ensembles: percussion, wind, string and mixed.
- Sort pictures of instruments into the correct ensemble categories and record names in a classification table.
- Appreciate the diversity and richness of Kenyan indigenous musical traditions.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Watch video recordings of Kenyan indigenous ensemble performances and observe the instruments being played.
- Discuss the four categories: percussion (struck/shaken/scraped), wind (blown), string (plucked/bowed/struck) and mixed.
- Look at pictures of Kenyan ensembles and identify which category each belongs to.

What makes indigenous Kenyan instrumental ensembles important to Kenyan cultural identity?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 108
- Digital devices
- Video links to Kenyan ensemble performances

- Oral questions - Observation

Performing and Displaying

Indigenous Kenyan Instrumental Ensembles - Classifying ensembles and reflecting on observations
Indigenous Kenyan Instrumental Ensembles - Discussing factors to consider when playing in an ensemble

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Classify observed indigenous Kenyan ensembles into percussion, wind and string categories based on playing method.
- Draw and complete the classification table, listing instrument names under each category with examples.
- Reflect on how watching and observing performances deepened understanding of ensemble categories.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Draw and complete the classification table: string, wind and percussion ensemble columns.
- List the instruments observed in videos and pictures under the correct category.
- Reflect: what new instruments were learnt and how did video observation help understand ensemble categories?

How does classifying instruments into categories help a musician understand ensemble performance?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 109
- Classification table (exercise book)
- Digital devices
- Exercise books

- Written assignments - Oral questions

Performing and Displaying

Indigenous Kenyan Instrumental Ensembles - Selecting and preparing an instrument; practising playing techniques

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the playing technique required for the chosen instrument (hitting, shaking, striking, plucking, bowing or blowing) before beginning.
- Select and tune the instrument correctly with teacher guidance, then demonstrate the appropriate playing technique.
- Appreciate the skill and cultural significance involved in correctly playing a Kenyan indigenous instrument.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Select an instrument from available indigenous Kenyan instruments (drums, marimba, shakers, nyatiti, fiddle, chivoti).
- Learn to tune the instrument using tuning tools or reference tones.
- Practise the correct playing technique for the instrument, focusing on control, clarity of sound and appropriate strength.

How does mastering the correct playing technique for an instrument improve its contribution to an ensemble?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 110
- Indigenous instruments (drums, shakers, lyres, fiddles, flutes)
- Tuning tools

- Observation - Skill progression charts

Performing and Displaying

Indigenous Kenyan Instrumental Ensembles - Practising in groups and coordinating ensemble timing
Indigenous Kenyan Instrumental Ensembles - Rehearsing and performing as a full ensemble
Indigenous Kenyan Instrumental Ensembles - Performing before an audience and reflecting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the rhythm or piece to be played and agree on tempo and cue signals before the group practice begins.
- Play the chosen instrument in a small group, maintaining rhythm and timing while adjusting volume to blend effectively.
- Appreciate the collaborative nature of ensemble playing and demonstrate respect for others' musical contributions.

- Identify the performance expectations (rhythm, melody, blending, technique, cultural respect) before taking the stage.
- Perform the selected piece as a full indigenous Kenyan ensemble before an audience, maintaining all technical and musical standards.
- Reflect on ensemble playing and articulate what was learnt about collaboration and Kenyan musical heritage.

- Form small groups with each learner playing a different instrument.
- Agree on a simple rhythm or piece and practise playing it together in sync.
- Rotate instruments within the group so learners experience different types; sanitise wind instruments before passing on.
- Perform the rehearsed piece as a full ensemble for the class or at a school event.
- Pay attention to maintaining rhythm, melody, blending and technique throughout the performance.
- Reflect in groups: what was enjoyed most, which aspect was most challenging and what was learnt about Kenyan indigenous music.

How does listening to the overall ensemble sound help a musician adjust their own playing to blend better?
What does a successful indigenous ensemble performance reveal about teamwork, culture and musical skill?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 110
- Indigenous instruments
- Floor space for ensemble practice
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 111
- Full set of available indigenous instruments
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 112
- Full set of available indigenous instruments

- Observation - Oral questions

Performing and Displaying

Indigenous Kenyan Instrumental Ensembles - Reviewing ensemble factors and appreciating Kenyan musical heritage
Indigenous Kenyan Craft - Pottery - Identifying pottery items made using slab technique

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Review and describe all key ensemble factors through group discussion.
- Demonstrate one ensemble technique (e.g. maintaining beat, blending volume) informally as part of the review activity.
- Value the role of indigenous Kenyan instrumental music in preserving and celebrating Kenyan cultural identity.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Review the five ensemble factors discussed: understanding instrument, listening, rhythm and timing, communication and cultural understanding.
- Discuss the role of indigenous Kenyan ensembles in community celebrations, ceremonies and cultural preservation.
- Share one thing learnt about Kenyan cultural heritage through ensemble playing.

How do indigenous Kenyan instrumental ensembles help communities preserve and celebrate their cultural heritage?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 113
- Exercise books
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 116
- Pictures of slab pottery items
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Performing and Displaying

Indigenous Kenyan Craft - Pottery - Finding, preparing and kneading clay

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify local sources of clay (anthills, riverbanks) and the safety equipment needed for collection.
- Prepare clay through the full sequence: dry, crush, sieve, slake with water, drain and knead until smooth.
- Appreciate the importance of collecting clay responsibly and observing safety precautions to protect the environment and self.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Identify local sources of clay (anthills, riverbanks) and collect only what is needed with adult supervision.
- Prepare the clay: dry, crush, sieve, slake with water, drain excess water through cloth and knead on a flat surface.
- Wedge the clay by cutting and slamming pieces together to remove air bubbles and achieve a smooth, even texture.

How does thorough preparation of clay before modelling affect the quality of the finished pottery item?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 119
- Clay from local environment
- Gumboots, gloves, rolling pin, hammer

- Observation - Checklist

Performing and Displaying

Indigenous Kenyan Craft - Pottery - Rolling slabs and measuring and cutting clay pieces
Indigenous Kenyan Craft - Pottery - Joining slabs to form a vase

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the required dimensions for the base and side slabs of the vase before rolling and cutting.
- Roll clay into evenly-thick slabs using a rolling pin and wood guides, then measure, mark and cut to correct dimensions.
- Develop precision and patience in preparing clay slabs for construction.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use a rolling pin and flat wood pieces to roll the prepared clay into even slabs.
- Ensure all slabs are the same thickness for uniform construction.
- Measure, mark and cut the slabs to the correct dimensions for the base and sides of the vase.

How does rolling clay to an even thickness ensure the structural strength of a slab-built vase?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 119
- Prepared clay
- Rolling pin, flat wood pieces, ruler, knife
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 120
- Cut clay slabs
- Toothpick, slip (clay and water mix)

- Observation - Checklist

Performing and Displaying

Indigenous Kenyan Craft - Pottery - Burnishing and stamping patterns on the vase

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify what burnishing achieves (smooth, shiny surface) and select appropriate stamps for the decorative pattern before beginning.
- Burnish the vase surface using a smooth stone in circular motions and stamp decorative patterns using chosen stamps.
- Appreciate how burnishing and stamping combine functional finishing with artistic expression in indigenous craft.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Moisten the vase slightly if too dry, then burnish the surface using a smooth stone in circular motions until shiny.
- Create or find stamps (carved wood, pen tubes, leaves) and press them into the surface of the vase.
- Arrange the stamps in a creative pattern, experimenting with different designs and spacing.

How does burnishing and stamping add both functional and aesthetic value to a pottery item?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 122
- Smooth stone or spoon
- Stamps (carved wood, pen tubes, leaves)

- Observation - Project

Performing and Displaying

Indigenous Kenyan Craft - Pottery - Drying the vase and appreciating indigenous Kenyan craft
Indigenous Kenyan Craft - Pottery - Displaying pottery and giving constructive peer critique
Indigenous Kenyan Craft - Pottery - Talking about own and others' pottery and reflecting on indigenous craft

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the correct drying conditions (shaded area, away from sunlight, slow drying) and explain why they prevent cracking.
- Position the vase in the correct drying location and arrange all completed pottery items neatly in the classroom display area.
- Appreciate pottery as a significant indigenous Kenyan craft and a powerful form of cultural expression.

- Describe the full construction process (finding clay, preparing, rolling, joining, burnishing, stamping, drying) before the display.
- Display completed pottery items and give and receive constructive feedback on shape, surface finish and pattern design.
- Value indigenous Kenyan pottery as a creative, cultural and functional art form.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Place the vase in a shaded area away from direct sunlight and allow it to dry slowly over several days.
- Check periodically to ensure it is drying evenly without cracking.
- Arrange completed vases for classroom display and talk about the materials, techniques and steps used.
- Arrange all completed pottery items in a classroom display area.
- Describe own item: materials sourced, slab preparation, joining method, burnishing and stamping choices.
- Give specific feedback to classmates on what was admired, what technique was creative and suggestions for improvement.

Why is drying pottery slowly in the shade important for preventing cracking and preserving the item?
What makes a slab-technique pottery item successful and how does peer critique help a potter grow?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 123
- Completed decorated vases
- Display area
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 123
- Completed pottery items
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 124

- Observation - Oral questions

Appreciation in Creative Arts

Analysis of Creative Arts Works - Visiting an art exhibition centre and identifying artworks
Analysis of Creative Arts Works - Interpreting artworks and reflecting for inspiration
Analysis of Creative Arts Works - Visiting an art exhibition and creating a catalogue of exhibited works

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different artworks on display during a local or virtual art gallery visit.
- Record key details about at least three artworks: artist's name, type of artwork and one personal observation.
- Appreciate the role of art exhibitions in preserving and sharing creative heritage.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Visit a local art gallery or museum, or explore virtual art galleries online.
- Observe paintings, sculptures and photographs on display closely.
- Take notes recording the artist's name and the type of artwork for each piece observed.

How do art exhibitions help communities appreciate and preserve creative works?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 137
- Local art gallery or virtual gallery online
- Exercise books, pencils
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 138
- Artworks from gallery visit or own collection
- Exercise books
- Local art gallery or virtual gallery
- Exercise books or digital devices

- Oral questions - Observation

Appreciation in Creative Arts

Analysis of Creative Arts Works - Designing and completing an artwork catalogue
Analysis of Creative Arts Works - Choosing and analysing a personal artwork from the catalogue
Analysis of Creative Arts Works - Listening to a song and identifying pitch in music

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the key elements required for each catalogue entry (artist, type, media/material, interpretive comment) before designing.
- Design and complete a personal catalogue of at least three artworks including all required elements for each entry.
- Value the catalogue as a practical tool for documenting and sharing appreciation of creative works.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Review field trip notes and organise the information into a structured catalogue.
- Format the catalogue neatly: each entry includes artist's name, type of artwork, media/material and a short personal comment.
- Share the completed catalogue with a classmate and discuss the artworks chosen.

How does designing a catalogue deepen a learner's understanding and appreciation of artworks?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 137
- Field trip notes
- Exercise books, pens or digital devices
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 138
- Personal artwork catalogue
- Exercise books
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 144
- Digital devices
- "Earth Song" (Michael Jackson) — audio/video

- Written assignments - Portfolio

Appreciation in Creative Arts

Analysis of Creative Arts Works - Identifying melody and rhythm in a song
Analysis of Creative Arts Works - Identifying dynamics and tempo in a song
Analysis of Creative Arts Works - Identifying texture, structure, messages and values in a song
Analysis of Creative Arts Works - Discussing messages and values in songs and connecting music to life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define melody as the main tune of a song and describe how the melody in "Earth Song" changes between verse and chorus.
- Define rhythm as the pattern of beats and clap the steady beat of "Earth Song" while discussing how it matches the song's serious message.
- Appreciate how melody and rhythm work together to give a song emotional depth and communicative power.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Hum the melody of the verse and the chorus of "Earth Song" and discuss how the melody changes between the two sections.
- Clap along to the rhythm of the verses and the chorus and identify the steady beat pattern.
- Discuss how the calm, steady verse rhythm and the more powerful chorus rhythm match the song's serious environmental message.

How do melody and rhythm work together to strengthen the message of a song?

- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 144
- Digital devices
- "Earth Song" lyrics sheet
- "Earth Song" audio
- Hummingbird Creative Arts Learner's Book pg. 145
- "Earth Song" audio and lyrics
- "Daima Mimi Mkenya" audio

- Oral questions - Observation