Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Fruits that grow in our locality
Growing Fruits – Planting materials for fruit crops

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of fruits that grow in the local environment
- Classify fruits into woody fruit trees and climbing fruit plants
- Show interest in identifying fruits suited to local conditions

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Name different types of fruits from magazine cuttings, pictures and fruits provided by the teacher - Look at photographs of various fruits and identify those that grow in the locality - Discuss the difference between fruits that grow on trees and those that climb

How can we identify fruits that grow in our locality?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 66 - Photographs/pictures of fruits - Reference books, digital resources
- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 68 - Chart of fruit plants and planting materials - Digital resources, reference books

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Preparation of planting materials for fruit crops
Growing Fruits – Establishing a fruit crop nursery bed

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to prepare seeds, vines and stem cuttings for planting
- Demonstrate preparation of planting materials including washing, drying and cutting
- Show care in handling planting materials to maintain their quality

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Look at pictures showing preparation of fruit seeds, vines and stem cuttings - Discuss how passion fruit seeds are washed, sun-dried and stored - Observe how stem cuttings and vines should have three to four internodes

How do we prepare vines, seeds and stem cuttings for establishing fruit crops?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 70 - Fruit seeds, vines, stem cuttings - Cutting tools, containers for washing
- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 73 - Jembe, rake, measuring tape - Compost manure, polythene sleeves, mulching materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Care for fruit plant seedlings in the nursery
Growing Fruits – Transplanting fruit crop seedlings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the care practices for fruit seedlings in the nursery
- Apply care practices including removing mulch, erecting shade, watering and weeding
- Show responsibility in daily care of nursery seedlings

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Remove mulch after germination and erect a shed over the nursery bed to protect seedlings - Water the nursery bed every morning and evening - Remove weeds and uproot weak or unhealthy seedlings

How can we care for fruit plant seedlings in the nursery?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 75 - Sticks, strings, dry grass for shed - Watering can, hosepipe
- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 78 - Jembe, watering can, compost manure - Fruit seedlings, mulching materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Protection, mulching and watering of young fruit plants

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe ways of protecting young fruit plants from animals, sun and heavy rain
- Demonstrate mulching and watering of young fruit plants
- Show responsibility in protecting and watering young fruit plants after transplanting

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss how young fruit plants are protected using fences, overhead sheds and mulch - Practise mulching around the base of young fruit plants - Use watering cans, hosepipes and buckets to water young fruit plants; discuss which method conserves water most

How can we protect, mulch and water young fruit plants?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 80 - Fencing materials, sticks, strings, dry grass - Watering cans, hosepipe, buckets

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Weed control, manure and fertilizer application
Growing Fruits – Removal of excess branches and training of climbing fruit plants

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe methods of weeding young fruit plants
- Apply compost manure and fertilizer to young fruit plants
- Show responsibility in maintaining the orchard through weeding and manuring

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Carry out weeding by digging, slashing and uprooting weeds around young fruit plants - Use a wheelbarrow to carry compost manure to the orchard and apply it around the base of fruit plants - Discuss the importance of manure and fertilizer for healthy fruit plant growth

How do we control weeds and apply manure and fertilizer to young fruit plants?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 82 - Jembe, slasher, wheelbarrow - Compost manure, fertilizer
- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 83 - Secateurs, pruning saw, supports/stakes - String, reference books

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Identifying and harvesting mature fruits

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify signs of ripeness in different fruit crops
- Harvest mature fruits carefully using appropriate tools
- Show care in handling harvested fruits to avoid damage

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Look at photographs of ripe and unripe fruits and identify differences in colour, texture and scent - Practise harvesting ripe fruits by gently twisting them from the stalk using fingers or a Y-shaped/hooked stick for high fruits - Sort fruits by size and level of ripeness and place them in woven baskets or wooden crates

How can we identify and harvest mature fruits?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 87 - Y-shaped sticks, hooked sticks - Woven baskets, wooden crates

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Importance of consuming fruits for nutrition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the nutritional importance of consuming fruits
- Relate fruits to the protective foods group in a balanced diet
- Appreciate the role of fruits in promoting good health

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the nutritional importance of fruits such as provision of vitamins, minerals and fibre - Search the internet or use reference books to find out more about the nutritional value of different fruits - Present findings in class and share experiences with other groups

Why is it important to consume fruits for nutrition and good health?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 90 - Digital resources, internet access - Reference books, fruit samples

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Importance of consuming fruits for nutrition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the nutritional importance of consuming fruits
- Relate fruits to the protective foods group in a balanced diet
- Appreciate the role of fruits in promoting good health

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the nutritional importance of fruits such as provision of vitamins, minerals and fibre - Search the internet or use reference books to find out more about the nutritional value of different fruits - Present findings in class and share experiences with other groups

Why is it important to consume fruits for nutrition and good health?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 90 - Digital resources, internet access - Reference books, fruit samples

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Review of land preparation and nursery establishment for fruit crops

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recall the steps for preparing land and establishing a fruit crop nursery bed
- Demonstrate key nursery establishment skills
- Show interest in applying fruit growing skills practically

- Learners review activities on identifying fruits, preparing planting materials and establishing a nursery bed - Carry out a practical recap activity on setting up a simple nursery in containers - Share and discuss observations made during the nursery period

How do we prepare planting materials and establish a nursery bed for fruit crops?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 66 - Containers, compost manure, planting materials - Reference books

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Review of transplanting, care and harvesting of fruit crops

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recall steps for transplanting, caring for and harvesting fruit crops
- Demonstrate care and harvesting skills for fruit plants
- Appreciate the full cycle of growing fruits from nursery to harvest

- Learners review transplanting, protection, weeding, manuring, pruning and harvesting activities - Carry out a practical activity on weeding, mulching or watering fruit plants in the school orchard - Reflect on the entire fruit growing process and discuss lessons learnt

What are the key steps in growing a fruit crop from the nursery to the harvest stage?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 78 - Gardening tools, watering cans - Reference books, digital resources

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Project: Growing a fruit crop suited to the locality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan and implement a fruit growing project from planting to care
- Apply all skills learnt in establishing and caring for a fruit crop
- Show commitment and responsibility in maintaining the school fruit project

- Learners select a suitable fruit crop that grows well in the locality - Establish the fruit crop in the school orchard using the correct planting materials and methods - Apply care practices including watering, weeding, mulching and manuring

How do we grow a fruit crop that is suited to our locality?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 66 - Planting materials (seeds, vines, stem cuttings) - Gardening tools, compost manure

- Project assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Project: Care and protection of the established fruit crop

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply protective measures to the established fruit crop
- Carry out weeding, watering, mulching and manure application on the fruit crop project
- Show responsibility in protecting and caring for the growing fruit crop

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Erect protective structures such as fences and overhead sheds around the young fruit plants - Apply mulch and carry out watering and weeding of the established fruit crop - Apply manure to nourish the fruit plants and record observations

Why is it important to protect and care for a fruit crop after transplanting?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 80 - Fencing materials, sticks - Compost manure, jembe, watering can

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Growing Fruits – Project reflection and presentation on fruit growing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Reflect on the entire process of growing a fruit crop
- Present findings and experiences from the fruit growing project
- Appreciate the importance of growing fruits for nutrition and food production

- Learners make presentations on their fruit growing project journey from planting to care - Discuss what went well, what challenges were faced and what can be done differently - Share experiences with other groups and display the fruit crop project

How does growing fruits in our locality contribute to nutrition and food production?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 90 - Project orchard/containers - Reference books, digital resources

- Project assessment - Oral questions - Observation

Food Production Processes

Uses of Domestic Animals – Types of domestic animals in the community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of domestic animals found in the community
- Describe common domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, goats and poultry
- Show interest in learning about domestic animals and their role in the community

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Share experiences on the types of domestic animals found in their community - Look at photographs and discuss the characteristics of cattle, sheep, goats and poultry - Discuss why different domestic animals are kept in the community

Which domestic animals do you keep in your community and why?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 93 - Photographs/pictures of domestic animals - Digital resources, reference books

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Uses of Domestic Animals – Matching domestic animals to their uses
Uses of Domestic Animals – Products from cattle, sheep and goats

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate various domestic animals to their specific uses and products
- Construct a flip chart matching domestic animals to their uses
- Show interest in exploring the diverse uses of domestic animals

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Collect newspaper or magazine clippings and photographs of domestic animals and their products - Make a chart matching animals such as cattle, sheep, goats and poultry to their uses and products - Mount photographs and present the flip charts in class

How can we match different domestic animals to their uses and products?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 94 - Newspaper/magazine clippings, photographs - Manilla paper, scissors, glue, cardboards
- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 94 - Photographs/charts of cattle, sheep, goats and their products - Reference books, digital resources

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions

Food Production Processes

Uses of Domestic Animals – Products from poultry and other domestic animals
Uses of Domestic Animals – Importance of domestic animals for food production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify products obtained from poultry and other domestic animals
- Explain how animals such as oxen are used for labour and transportation
- Show appreciation for the wide range of uses of domestic animals

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss products from chicken including meat, eggs and manure - Discuss the use of oxen for transporting farm produce and working the land - Look at pictures of oxen transporting farm products and working in the land and discuss their importance

What products and services do we get from poultry and other domestic animals?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 96 - Photographs of poultry and oxen at work - Digital resources, reference books
- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 97 - Photographs of animal products - Digital resources, reference books

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Uses of Domestic Animals – Making presentations on uses of domestic animals
Uses of Domestic Animals – Caring for domestic animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Prepare class presentations using photos or visuals on the importance of domestic animals
- Present information on domestic animals clearly and confidently
- Show respect in listening and accommodating others' opinions during presentations

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Prepare presentations using photographs, charts or flip charts on the importance of domestic animals in food production - Make class presentations on uses and products of domestic animals - Listen to and accommodate the opinions of other presenters

How can we effectively present information on the importance of domestic animals in food production?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 94 - Flip charts, photographs, manilla paper - Digital resources
- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 93 - Digital resources, internet access - Reference books, photographs

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment

Food Production Processes

Uses of Domestic Animals – Review of types, uses and importance of domestic animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recall the types, uses and importance of domestic animals in food production
- Complete a matching activity linking domestic animals to their products
- Appreciate the overall importance of domestic animals in supporting food production

- Learners review all content on domestic animals including types, products and importance - Complete a fill-in-the-table activity matching domestic animals to their products - Discuss answers with peers and share experiences from previous lessons

How do domestic animals support food production in our community?

- KLB Agriculture Grade 4 pg. 100 - Charts and photographs from previous lessons - Reference books

- Written assignments - Oral questions - Observation