Business and Its Environment

Entrepreneurship - Factors to consider when evaluating business ideas

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors to consider when evaluating business ideas
- Analyse market demand, competition and resource requirements
- Assess personal skills before starting ventures

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Share experiences on business ideas for start-ups
- Discuss factors like demand, skills and resources
- Evaluate sample business ideas

What factors should you consider before starting a business?

- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 106
- Business idea evaluation sheets
- Digital resources

- Oral presentation - Written assignment - Peer assessment

Business and Its Environment

Entrepreneurship - Importance of business incubation
Entrepreneurship - Activities at business incubation centres
Entrepreneurship - Identifying opportunities and starting a business in school

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define business incubation and business incubator
- Explain the importance of incubation for business growth
- Seek mentorship and support when starting new projects

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Search for information on business incubation
- Discuss services provided by business incubators
- Present on importance of incubation

What support do business incubators provide to new entrepreneurs?

- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 107
- Information on incubation centres
- Digital devices
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 108
- Virtual tour resources
- Resource person
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 109
- Opportunity identification templates
- School environment

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group discussion

Business and Its Environment

Entrepreneurship - Planning and launching a school business
Entrepreneurship - Conducting self-entrepreneurial assessment
Entrepreneurship - Compiling business ideas and determining suitability

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create a simple business plan for a school-based business
- Launch a small business venture in school
- Persevere through challenges when starting new ventures

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Select the best business idea for school
- Make a simple business plan with name, target and pricing
- Launch and operate the business

How do you create a simple business plan?

- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 110
- Business plan templates
- Start-up materials
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 111
- Self-assessment worksheets
- Rating scales
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 112
- Business idea compilation sheets
- Rating templates

- Business plan assessment - Practical implementation - Peer review

Business and Its Environment

Production - Meaning and importance of production in an economy
Production - Benefits of production to the economy
Production - Factors of production (Land and labour)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term production
- Explain the importance of production in an economy
- Appreciate goods produced locally for daily use

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Brainstorm and present on the meaning of production
- Study pictures showing transformation of raw materials
- Discuss importance of production for economic growth

Why is production important for a country's economy?

- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 113
- Pictures of production processes
- Charts on production importance
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 115
- Economic charts
- Digital resources
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 116
- Video clips
- Pictures of land and labour

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group discussion

Business and Its Environment

Production - Factors of production (Capital and entrepreneurship)
Production - Types of costs in a production unit (Fixed and variable costs)
Production - Types of costs (Total, marginal and average costs)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain capital and entrepreneurship as factors of production
- Describe how all factors of production work together
- Recognize the role of entrepreneurs in organizing production

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Search for information on capital and entrepreneurship
- Discuss examples of capital goods and entrepreneur roles
- Present on how factors combine in production

How do entrepreneurs organize the factors of production?

- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 118
- Pictures of capital goods
- Reference materials
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 119
- Cost classification charts
- Case scenarios
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 120
- Calculators
- Cost calculation worksheets

- Oral presentation - Written questions - Group discussion

Business and Its Environment

Production - Computing types of costs in production
Production - Division of labour and specialisation
Production - Advantages and disadvantages of division of labour and specialisation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compute fixed costs, variable costs and total costs
- Calculate average cost per unit of production
- Use cost information to make pricing decisions

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Practice computing costs using business scenarios
- Calculate costs for Sarah's bakery
- Present cost calculations to class

How do you calculate the cost of producing one item?

- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 122
- Practice exercises
- Calculators
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 124
- Comparison charts
- Digital resources
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 126
- Debate guidelines
- Chart materials

- Calculation exercises - Oral presentation - Written assignment

Business and Its Environment

Production - Roles and responsibilities of a producer to consumer
Production - Designing an appropriate label for a product
Production - Creating product labels with required information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the roles of a producer to consumers
- Describe responsibilities of producers in ensuring quality and safety
- Expect quality products and honest information from businesses

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Read and analyse case study on Chap Chap Posho Mill
- Role play functions of producer to consumer
- Discuss roles like creating goods, ensuring quality and setting prices

What responsibilities do producers have towards their customers?

- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 128
- Case study: Chap Chap Posho Mill
- Role play props
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 131
- Sample product labels
- Design materials
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 133
- Label templates
- Marking pens and materials

- Case study analysis - Role play observation - Written questions

Business and Its Environment

Consumer Satisfaction - Meaning and importance of consumer satisfaction
Consumer Satisfaction - Benefits of consumer satisfaction to businesses
Consumer Satisfaction - Terms and conditions for supply of goods and services

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define consumer satisfaction
- Explain the importance of consumer satisfaction in business
- Provide feedback to businesses about products and services

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss and present on the meaning of consumer satisfaction
- Search for importance of consumer satisfaction
- Analyse picture of satisfied customer

Why is customer satisfaction important for a business?

- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 137
- Pictures of customer interactions
- Digital resources
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 139
- Case studies
- Charts on customer benefits
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 140
- Sample invoices and warranties

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group discussion

Business and Its Environment

Consumer Satisfaction - Understanding warranties, refunds and consumer rights
Consumer Satisfaction - Remedies for consumer satisfaction
Consumer Satisfaction - Proactive and reactive strategies for customer satisfaction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain warranties, refunds and consumer responsibilities
- Analyse different terms and conditions in business transactions
- Assert consumer rights when products are faulty

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Watch video clips on terms and conditions
- Discuss warranties, refunds and limitation of liability
- Present on consumer rights and responsibilities

What should you do if a product you bought is faulty?

- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 142
- Video clips
- Consumer rights materials
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 143
- Case study: Jane's laptop
- Role play props
- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 145
- Strategy charts
- Reference materials

- Video analysis - Oral presentation - Written questions

Business and Its Environment
Government and Global Influence in Business
Government and Global Influence in Business
Government and Global Influence in Business
Government and Global Influence in Business
Government and Global Influence in Business

Consumer Satisfaction - Carrying out customer satisfaction survey
Public Finance - Meaning and components of public finance
Public Finance - Importance of public finance
Public Finance - Sources of public finance
Public Finance - Meaning and importance of taxation
Public Finance - Principles of taxation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Prepare a questionnaire for customer satisfaction survey
- Carry out a simple customer satisfaction survey
- Use feedback to improve personal service to others

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Prepare questionnaire to collect data on consumer satisfaction
- Distribute and collect survey responses
- Analyse findings and present report

How do businesses find out if their customers are satisfied?

- MASTER Business Studies Learner's Book pg. 147
- Survey questionnaires
- Data analysis templates
- Master Business Studies pg. 150
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Master Business Studies pg. 151
- Charts
- Master Business Studies pg. 153
- Mind maps
- Master Business Studies pg. 154
- Flash cards
- Master Business Studies pg. 155
- Reference books

- Survey implementation - Report presentation - Written assignment

Government and Global Influence in Business

Public Finance - Requirements for tax compliance in Kenya
Public Finance - Tax exemption in Kenya
Public Finance - Types of custom duties in Kenya
Public Finance - Trends and ethical issues in taxation
International Trade - Meaning and classification of international trade
International Trade - Importance of international trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the requirements for tax compliance in Kenya
- Describe the process of registering with KRA
- Apply knowledge of tax compliance to personal future responsibilities

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Search using the internet or relevant books for the requirements for tax compliance in Kenya
- Discuss and share the requirements for tax compliance
- Study KRA posters and identify information passed

What is the role of taxation in economic development?

- Master Business Studies pg. 157
- Digital resources
- KRA posters
- iTax portal images
- Master Business Studies pg. 159
- Reference books
- Master Business Studies pg. 161
- Resource person
- Master Business Studies pg. 162
- Case study extracts
- Master Business Studies pg. 168
- Charts
- Master Business Studies pg. 170

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Government and Global Influence in Business

International Trade - Balance of trade and balance of payment
International Trade - Advantages of international trade
International Trade - Disadvantages of international trade
International Trade - Terms of sale in international trade
International Trade - Terms of sale in international trade
International Trade - Terms of payment in international trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define balance of trade and balance of payment
- Differentiate between balance of trade and balance of payment
- Relate trade balance to a country's economic health

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use available digital devices or relevant books to search for the meaning of balance of trade and balance of payment
- Discuss findings with group members
- Present findings to classmates

What are the benefits of international trade?

- Master Business Studies pg. 171
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Master Business Studies pg. 172
- Reference books
- Master Business Studies pg. 173
- Master Business Studies pg. 174
- Master Business Studies pg. 175

- Oral questions - Observation

Government and Global Influence in Business

International Trade - Digital applications in international trade
International Trade - Local products for export
International Trade - Local products for export

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore digital applications used in international trade
- Describe how technology facilitates international trade
- Link digital platforms to online shopping from foreign countries

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use digital devices or print media to search for information on the appropriate digital applications or platforms used in international trade
- Discuss findings with group members
- Present findings to classmates

What are the benefits of international trade?

- Master Business Studies pg. 177
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Master Business Studies pg. 178
- Survey tools
- Questionnaires
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Observation

Government and Global Influence in Business
Financial Records in Business
Financial Records in Business
Financial Records in Business
Financial Records in Business
Financial Records in Business

International Trade - Importance of international trade to an economy
Business Transactions - Meaning and types of business transactions
Business Transactions - Cash and credit transactions
Business Transactions - Methods of payment for goods and services
Business Transactions - Methods of payment for goods and services
Business Transactions - Survey on methods of payment in schools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize the importance of international trade in an economy
- Evaluate the role of international trade in economic development
- Relate international trade to Kenya's economic growth and development

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss the importance of international trade in an economy
- Share experiences on how international trade affects daily life
- Present findings to other groups in class

What are the benefits of international trade?

- Master Business Studies pg. 179
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Master Business Studies pg. 180
- Internet access
- Master Business Studies pg. 181
- Case study extracts
- Master Business Studies pg. 182
- Pictures and photographs
- Master Business Studies pg. 183
- Charts
- Master Business Studies pg. 184
- Questionnaires
- Survey tools

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Financial Records in Business

Business Transactions - Advantages and disadvantages of payment methods
Effects of Business Transactions - Statement of financial position
Effects of Business Transactions - Effects of asset transactions
Effects of Business Transactions - Effects of liability transactions
Effects of Business Transactions - Effects of capital transactions
Effects of Business Transactions - Computing effects of transactions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State advantages and disadvantages of various payment methods
- Compare different methods of payment
- Apply knowledge of payment methods to make informed choices when paying for goods

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss advantages and disadvantages of cash payments, bank transfers, mobile money, credit/debit cards, cheques and online platforms
- Present findings to classmates
- Write summary notes on methods of payment

Which are the methods used in making payment for goods and services?

- Master Business Studies pg. 185
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Master Business Studies pg. 189
- Worked examples
- Master Business Studies pg. 190
- Master Business Studies pg. 192
- Reference books
- Master Business Studies pg. 193
- Master Business Studies pg. 195
- Calculators

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Financial Records in Business

Effects of Business Transactions - Adjustments to statement of financial position
Effects of Business Transactions - Preparing statement of financial position after adjustments
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Meaning and importance of source documents
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Meaning and importance of books of original entry
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Types of source documents

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline adjustments to various items on the statement of financial position
- Calculate new values of stock, cash and debtors after transactions
- Connect adjustments to real business record keeping

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Study a statement of financial position and go through the transactions that follow
- Calculate the effects of the transactions on the entries on the statement of financial position
- Show the adjustments to the entries affected by the transactions

How do business transactions affect the statement of financial position of a business?

- Master Business Studies pg. 197
- Digital resources
- Worked examples
- Master Business Studies pg. 199
- Calculators
- Master Business Studies pg. 200
- Master Business Studies pg. 205
- Sample source documents
- Master Business Studies pg. 207
- Reference books
- Master Business Studies pg. 209
- Sample receipts and invoices

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Financial Records in Business

Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Types of source documents
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Types of books of original entry
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Sales journal
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Sales journal
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Sales returns journal

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify credit notes and debit notes as source documents
- Explain the purpose of credit notes and debit notes in business
- Connect credit and debit notes to returns and adjustments in business

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Search from the internet or relevant textbooks for information on credit notes and debit notes
- Study samples of credit notes and debit notes
- Present findings to other groups in class

What are the source documents used in bookkeeping?

- Master Business Studies pg. 210
- Digital resources
- Sample credit and debit notes
- Master Business Studies pg. 211
- Sample documents
- Master Business Studies pg. 212
- Charts
- Master Business Studies pg. 213
- Worked examples
- Master Business Studies pg. 214
- Practice exercises
- Master Business Studies pg. 215

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Financial Records in Business

Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Purchases journal
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Purchases returns journal
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Cash receipts journal
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - Cash payments journal
Source Documents and Books of Original Entry - General journal

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Draw the format of a purchases journal
- Record business transactions in a purchases journal
- Relate purchases journal to tracking credit purchases from suppliers

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Search from the internet or relevant textbooks the format of a purchases journal
- Record given credit purchases transactions in a purchases journal
- Present work to classmates

Why are the books of original entry important in bookkeeping?

- Master Business Studies pg. 217
- Digital resources
- Worked examples
- Master Business Studies pg. 219
- Master Business Studies pg. 222
- Master Business Studies pg. 224
- Master Business Studies pg. 226

- Oral questions - Written assignments