Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Meaning and importance of ICT tools
ICT Tools in Communication - Email

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define ICT tools as used in communication
- Explain the importance of ICT tools in communication
- Show interest in using ICT tools for communication

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss what is happening in pictures showing video conferencing, emails, SMS and phone calls
- Find out the meaning of Information Communication Technology tools
- Discuss the importance of ICT tools in communication

What are ICT tools and why are they important?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 37
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 40
- Computers
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Mobile phones
ICT Tools in Communication - Computers and web conferencing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe mobile phones as ICT tools used in communication
- Demonstrate how to make calls and send messages using mobile phones
- Value responsible use of mobile phones

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss how mobile phones allow communication through voice calls, messages and video calls
- Organise a mock calling session using a mobile phone
- Practise sending messages to another group about a school-related topic

How do mobile phones help us communicate?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 40
- Mobile phones
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 41
- Computers
- Internet access

- Practical work - Observation - Role play

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Social networking
ICT Tools in Communication - Online collaboration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain social networking as an ICT tool for communication
- Identify social networking platforms (Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, X)
- Show awareness of responsible use of social media

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss how social networking allows users to connect, communicate and share information
- Identify social networking platforms (Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp, X)
- Discuss responsible use of social media platforms

How does social networking help people connect and communicate?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 41
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Computers

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Sending and receiving texts, calls and chats
ICT Tools in Communication - Audio, animations and video

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to send and receive texts, calls and chats
- Use ICT tools to send and receive texts, calls and chats
- Appreciate the convenience of instant communication

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Practise answering calls politely and ending calls properly
- Use a mobile phone to send messages to classmates
- Participate in a group online chat discussion

How do we use ICT tools to send and receive messages?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 42
- Mobile phones
- Computers
- Computers
- Digital devices

- Practical work - Observation - Role play

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Meaning of materials used in production
Introduction to Materials - Examples of materials used in production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define materials used in production
- Identify materials used to make different items
- Show interest in learning about materials for production

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss the meaning of materials used in production
- Identify materials used to make items in pictures (furniture, clothing, containers)
- Search online or in relevant print media for information on materials used in production

What are materials used in production?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 43
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 44
- Realia (wood, metal, plastic samples)
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Distinguishing metallic and non-metallic materials
Introduction to Materials - Sustainable use of materials in production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the differences between metallic and non-metallic materials
- Distinguish between metallic and non-metallic materials in the locality
- Value the unique properties of different materials

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Study pictures showing metallic and non-metallic materials
- Discuss which materials are hard to break and which can be bent without breaking
- Take a walk in school compound and community to identify and group materials as metallic or non-metallic

What are the differences between metallic and non-metallic materials?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 45
- Metallic materials (steel, aluminium, copper)
- Non-metallic materials (wood, plastic, paper)
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 47
- Charts
- Pictures
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Importance of materials in production
Introduction to Materials - Application of materials in everyday items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of materials in production
- Relate materials to the quality and durability of finished products
- Acknowledge the role of materials in manufacturing

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Name items made from different materials in the classroom
- Discuss how materials help items serve their purpose
- Search for information from print materials or internet on importance of materials in production

Why are materials important in the production of items?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 48
- Classroom items
- Internet access
- Charts
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 49
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Types of metallic materials
Metallic Materials - Identifying metallic materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of metallic materials (steel, aluminium, copper) used in the immediate environment
- Match metallic materials to items made from them
- Show interest in learning about metals

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Study pictures showing items made from steel, aluminium and copper
- Discuss items made using steel, aluminium and copper
- Search on internet or print materials for information on metallic materials

What types of metallic materials are found in our environment?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 50
- Pictures
- Internet access
- Metallic samples
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 51
- School environment
- Exercise books

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Appearance and colour of metals
Metallic Materials - Weight and flexibility of metals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the appearance and colour of metallic materials
- Observe and compare physical appearance of steel, aluminium and copper
- Value careful observation skills in identifying metals

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Get a steel spoon, aluminium can and copper wire and observe their physical appearance
- Describe the colour and appearance of each metal (shiny or dull)
- Record observations in exercise book

What do different metals look like?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 52
- Steel spoon
- Aluminium can
- Copper wire
- Steel samples
- Aluminium samples
- Copper samples

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Magnetism of metals
Metallic Materials - Conductivity of heat

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain magnetism as a property of some metallic materials
- Perform practical activities to test magnetism of metals
- Show curiosity in discovering magnetic properties of metals

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use a magnet to test for magnetism of steel, aluminium and copper
- Observe and note which materials are attracted to the magnet
- Share findings with other members in class

Which metals are attracted to magnets?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 53
- Magnets
- Steel, aluminium and copper samples
- Metal rods (steel, aluminium, copper)
- Source of heat
- Safety gloves

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Conductivity of electricity
Metallic Materials - Properties of steel, aluminium and copper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain conductivity of electricity as a property of metallic materials
- Perform practical activities to test electrical conductivity of metals
- Appreciate the use of metals in electrical applications

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Set up a simple circuit with a bulb, cell and connecting wires
- Connect aluminium, steel and copper rods in turns as the material being tested
- Observe which material when connected makes the bulb light

Which metals conduct electricity best?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 54
- Bulb
- Cell
- Connecting wires
- Metal rods
- Charts
- Metal samples

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Uses of steel, aluminium and copper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the uses of steel, aluminium and copper in the immediate environment
- Match metallic materials to their uses
- Appreciate the importance of metals in everyday life

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use digital device or print resources to search for uses of steel, aluminium and copper
- Look around school or community and list items made of steel, aluminium or copper
- Take pictures or draw items made from these metals

How are steel, aluminium and copper used in our environment?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 55
- Digital devices
- School environment

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Matching metals to their applications
Non-Metallic Materials - Meaning and examples of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate metallic materials to their specific applications
- Create a poster matching metallic materials with their uses
- Value the contribution of metals to construction and technology

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Create a poster matching metallic materials with their uses
- Present work to classmates
- Make a chart showing more uses of steel, aluminium and copper

Why are different metals suitable for different uses?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 55
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 56
- Pictures
- Internet access
- Non-metallic samples

- Poster making - Presentations - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Identifying non-metallic materials in the environment
Non-Metallic Materials - Natural and synthetic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe non-metallic materials found in the school environment
- Identify items made from non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the variety of non-metallic materials around us

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Take a walk around school environment
- Identify non-metallic materials in school compound
- List non-metallic materials found and share findings with peers

What non-metallic materials can we find in our school?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 57
- School environment
- Exercise books
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 58
- Natural material samples
- Synthetic material samples
- Charts

- Observation - Field notes - Oral questions

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Identifying natural and synthetic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Colour and texture of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify natural and synthetic materials in the environment
- Create a poster showing natural and synthetic non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the sources of different materials

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Identify non-metallic materials in the environment
- Categorise materials as natural or synthetic
- Take pictures of materials and make a poster to share with peers

How can we identify natural and synthetic materials around us?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 58
- Environment
- Camera/phone
- Chart papers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 59
- Wood, stone, plastic, paper, rubber, cement, glass, ceramic samples

- Poster making - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Hardness of non-metallic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Fire resistance of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain hardness as a property of non-metallic materials
- Perform hardness test on non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the varying hardness of different materials

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use a metal nail to scratch each material lightly
- Observe which materials scratch easily and which resist scratching
- Classify materials as soft (scratch easily) or hard (resist scratching) and record results

Which non-metallic materials are hard and which are soft?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 59
- Metal nail
- Non-metallic material samples
- Gloves
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 60
- Candle
- Tongs
- Safety gloves

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Summary of physical properties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the physical properties of various non-metallic materials
- Compare physical properties of different non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the unique properties of each material

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Study summary table of physical properties of non-metallic materials
- Identify five items made from non-metallic materials at home
- Examine items' physical properties and note in exercise book

How do the physical properties of non-metallic materials compare?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 60
- Summary table
- Exercise books

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of wood, stone, plastics and paper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the uses of wood, stone, plastics and paper in the locality
- Match non-metallic materials to their uses
- Value the contribution of non-metallic materials to everyday life

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss uses of wood (furniture, flooring, construction)
- Discuss uses of stone (building foundations, walling, landscaping)
- Discuss uses of plastics (bottles, packaging, household items) and paper (books, newspapers, packaging)

How are wood, stone, plastics and paper used in our locality?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 61
- Pictures
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Matching activities

Materials for Production
Tools and Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of rubber, cement, glass and ceramics
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Identifying measuring tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the uses of rubber, cement, glass and ceramics in the locality
- Relate non-metallic materials to their applications
- Appreciate the importance of non-metallic materials in production

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss uses of rubber (tires, footwear, seals)
- Discuss uses of cement (constructing buildings, making roads)
- Discuss uses of glass (windows, bottles, decorative items) and ceramics (tiles, pottery, kitchenware)
- Write summary of uses of non-metallic materials in production

How are rubber, cement, glass and ceramics used in production?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 61
- Pictures
- Charts
- Exercise books
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 63
- Realia (measuring tools)

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Identifying marking out tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Choosing appropriate measuring tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify marking out tools used to perform tasks
- Name examples of marking out tools (divider, try-square, marking gauge, dot punch, scriber, pencil, marking knife)
- Appreciate the importance of marking out tools

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Read the names of marking out tools from pictures
- Discuss what each marking out tool is used for
- Find out more information from internet or print materials about marking out tools

What are marking out tools and how are they used?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 65
- Pictures
- Realia (marking out tools)
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 66
- Measuring tools
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Choosing appropriate marking out tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a tape measure

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to select appropriate marking out tools for a given task
- Choose the right marking out tool for different marking tasks
- Appreciate the role of marking out tools in achieving accuracy

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss which tool to use for marking equal distances, checking right angles, marking parallel lines
- Discuss which tool to use for marking centre of circle, marking on metal, drawing guidelines
- Search online or in print materials for more information on use of marking out tools

How do we select the right marking out tool for a task?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 68
- Marking out tools
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 69
- Tape measure
- Piece of wood

- Oral questions - Practical activities - Observation

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a steel rule
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using callipers to measure external diameter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to use a steel rule
- Use a steel rule to measure and mark objects
- Appreciate the importance of accurate measurement

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Select the correct side of the steel rule (millimetres/centimetres or inches)
- Position the steel rule with "0" mark at starting point
- Read the measurement with eye perpendicular to scale and mark with pencil

How do we use a steel rule for accurate measurement?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 70
- Steel rule
- Piece of wood
- Pencil
- Vernier callipers
- Small pipe

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using callipers to measure internal diameter and depth
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a stopwatch

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to measure internal diameter and depth using callipers
- Use vernier callipers to measure internal diameter and depth of objects
- Value the versatility of callipers

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use smaller inside jaws to measure internal diameter of a beaker
- Extend the depth gauge to measure depth of beaker
- Read and record main scale and vernier scale readings

How do we measure internal diameter and depth using callipers?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 71
- Vernier callipers
- Beaker
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 72
- Stopwatch

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using an ammeter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to use an ammeter
- Use an ammeter to measure current in a circuit
- Show interest in electrical measurements

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Set up a circuit with ammeter, dry cells, connecting wires and bulb
- Connect ammeter in series with positive terminal to power source
- Read and record the current measurement

How do we use an ammeter to measure electric current?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 72
- Ammeter
- Dry cells
- Connecting wires
- Bulb

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a voltmeter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to use a voltmeter
- Use a voltmeter to measure voltage in a circuit
- Value safety when working with electrical equipment

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Set up a circuit with voltmeter, cells, connecting wires and bulb
- Connect voltmeter in parallel with positive terminal to more positive point
- Read and record the voltage displayed

How do we use a voltmeter to measure voltage?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 73
- Voltmeter
- Cells
- Connecting wires
- Bulb

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a divider

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to use a divider
- Use a divider to mark equal distances on a workpiece
- Appreciate the precision of marking out tools

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Open or close the legs of the divider using the hinge
- Adjust the length to 10 cm by aligning to steel rule
- Mark the same measurement on surface of wood

How do we use a divider to mark equal distances?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 74
- Divider
- Steel rule
- Piece of wood
- Pencil

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a try-square

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to use a try-square
- Use a try-square to check for squareness and mark 90-degree lines
- Value accuracy in woodworking tasks

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Place the stock of try-square against edge of wood to check squareness
- Check if surface aligns perfectly with blade (no gap means square)
- Use try-square to mark a 90-degree perpendicular line

How do we use a try-square to check for squareness?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 75
- Try-square
- Pieces of wood
- Pencil

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a marking gauge

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to use a marking gauge
- Use a marking gauge to mark parallel lines on a workpiece
- Show interest in precision marking techniques

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Loosen locking screw and slide fence to set length (5 cm)
- Use ruler to measure length and tighten screw to lock fence
- Place fence against edge of wood and scribe a parallel line

How do we use a marking gauge to mark parallel lines?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 76
- Marking gauge
- Steel rule
- Piece of wood

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a dot punch and scriber

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to use a dot punch and scriber
- Use a dot punch and scriber to make marks on materials
- Value safety when using marking out tools

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Mark places on wood using pencil, then use dot punch to create indentations
- Hold dot punch vertically and tap lightly with hammer
- Use scriber to scratch fine lines on metal along a ruler

How do we use a dot punch and scriber for marking?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 77
- Dot punch
- Scriber
- Hammer
- Metal piece
- Steel rule

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a marking knife

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to use a marking knife
- Use a marking knife to make clean, sharp lines on wood
- Appreciate the importance of precise marking for cutting

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Make a straight line on wood using pencil and ruler
- Place ruler along desired line and hold marking knife with bevel facing cut area
- Run marking knife along straight edge with light pressure, then deepen the mark

How do we use a marking knife to mark cutting lines?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 78
- Marking knife
- Straight edge ruler
- Piece of wood
- Pencil

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Caring for tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to care for measuring and marking out tools
- Practise proper care and maintenance of tools
- Value the importance of tool maintenance

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Clean tools using soft cloth and brushes
- Practise storing tools in safe places
- Check tools to make sure they are working correctly

Why is it important to care for measuring and marking out tools?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 79
- Measuring and marking out tools
- Cleaning supplies
- Lubricants

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Importance of tools when performing tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of measuring and marking out tools when performing tasks
- Create a chart showing the importance of these tools
- Recognise the value of accurate measurement and marking

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Search online for importance of marking out tools and measuring tools
- Create a chart of the importance of tools when performing tasks
- Display chart in classroom for feedback

Why are measuring and marking out tools important?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 83
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Internet access

- Chart making - Presentations - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Meaning of computer hardware
Computer Hardware - Categories of computer hardware

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term computer hardware
- Identify examples of computer hardware devices
- Show interest in learning about computer hardware

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss what can be seen in pictures of computer hardware
- Search on internet or print materials for meaning of computer hardware
- Write the definition of computer hardware in exercise book

What is computer hardware?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 85
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Internet access
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Keying and pointing devices
Computer Hardware - Scanning, voice input and touch screen devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe keying and pointing devices
- Use keyboard and mouse to perform tasks on a computer
- Value the role of input devices in computer use

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Type a short paragraph on a computer using keyboard
- Practise using mouse to open, close and move files
- Discuss how each key has a specific function

How do keying and pointing devices help us interact with computers?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 86
- Computer
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- Scanner
- Microphone
- Touch screen device

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Digitizers and digital cameras

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how digitizers and digital cameras work as input devices
- Use a drawing tablet and digital camera to input data
- Show interest in digital input technologies

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Draw simple shapes on a drawing tablet and see result on computer screen
- Take photos with digital camera
- Connect camera to computer and transfer photos for viewing

How do digitizers and digital cameras input data into computers?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 87
- Drawing tablet
- Digital camera
- Computer

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Output devices (hard copy and soft copy)
Computer Hardware - Fixed and removable storage devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between hard copy and soft copy output devices
- Use printer and monitor as output devices
- Appreciate the different forms of computer output

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Print a document or image (hard copy output)
- Read text from monitor and listen to sound from speaker (soft copy output)
- Compare printed version with screen version

What is the difference between hard copy and soft copy output?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 87
- Printer
- Monitor
- Speakers
- USB flash drive
- CD/DVD
- Memory card
- External hard drive

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production
Entrepreneurship

Computer Hardware - Importance of computer hardware devices
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Defining entrepreneur and entrepreneurship

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of computer hardware devices in a user environment
- Create a chart showing importance of computer hardware
- Acknowledge the essential role of hardware in computing

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Search internet or print materials for importance of computer hardware devices
- Discuss how input, output and storage devices are important
- Create a chart on importance of computers and display for feedback

Why are computer hardware devices important?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 90
- Internet access
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 92
- Pictures
- Charts

- Chart making - Presentations - Oral questions

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Importance of entrepreneurship in the community
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Role of entrepreneurship in economy and technology

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of entrepreneurship in the community
- Relate entrepreneurship to job creation and economic growth
- Appreciate the role of entrepreneurs in community development

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss importance of entrepreneurship based on the story read
- Discuss how entrepreneurship creates employment, reduces rural-urban migration and raises standards of living
- Present importance of entrepreneurship to the class

Why is entrepreneurship important in the community?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 93
- Charts
- Pictures
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Presentations - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Qualities of an entrepreneur
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Self-assessment on entrepreneurial qualities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the qualities of an entrepreneur
- Identify qualities such as creativity, determination, risk-taking and self-confidence
- Appreciate the importance of entrepreneurial qualities

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss qualities of an entrepreneur based on stories read
- Find out from internet or print materials the qualities of an entrepreneur
- Create a chart showing qualities of an entrepreneur

What qualities make a successful entrepreneur?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 94
- Internet access
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 95
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Chart making - Oral questions - Group discussions

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Meaning and sources of business ideas
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - More sources of business ideas

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a business idea
- Identify sources of business ideas (personal interests, everyday problems, market research)
- Show interest in generating business ideas

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss the meaning of a business idea
- Discuss how entrepreneurs get ideas from personal interests and hobbies
- Discuss how everyday problems and market research provide business ideas

What is a business idea and where do business ideas come from?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 95
- Charts
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 96
- Chart papers
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Role of entrepreneurship in community development
Production Unit - Defining a production unit

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the role of entrepreneurship in the community
- Create a chart showing roles of entrepreneurs in the community
- Embrace entrepreneurship as a tool for community development

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss what entrepreneurs do in the community
- Discuss how entrepreneurs grow economy, provide employment, bring new ideas and tackle challenges
- Create a chart showing roles of entrepreneurs and display for feedback

What role does entrepreneurship play in our community?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 97
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 98
- Pictures
- Digital devices

- Chart making - Debate - Oral questions

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Introduction to location factors
Production Unit - Access to materials and customers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain factors considered when choosing the location of a production unit
- Analyse why entrepreneurs choose specific locations
- Appreciate the importance of location in business success

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Study picture of cyber cafe in town and discuss its location
- Discuss why the owner chose that location (number of people around)
- Search on internet or books for factors that determine location of production unit

Why do entrepreneurs choose specific locations for their businesses?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 99
- Pictures
- Internet access
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 100
- Charts
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Competition and growth opportunities
Production Unit - Field visit to local production units

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how competition and growth opportunities affect location choice
- Analyse advantages of locating away from competing businesses
- Appreciate the need for strategic thinking in location decisions

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss how locating where there are fewer competing businesses gives advantage
- Discuss how being near suppliers reduces delays in obtaining materials
- Discuss how well-chosen location helps business grow and expand

How do competition and growth opportunities influence business location?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 100
- Charts
- Internet access
- Local production units
- Exercise books

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Number of employees and volume of goods
Production Unit - Buildings, capital and production methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how number of employees and volume of goods affect size of production unit
- Compare sizes of different production units
- Appreciate that production units vary in size

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Study pictures of salon and cyber cafe and discuss space requirements
- Discuss how number of employees determines size (more employees = larger unit)
- Discuss how volume of goods produced determines size

How do employees and production volume affect the size of a production unit?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 101
- Pictures
- Charts
- Charts
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Visiting and analysing local production units
Production Unit - Access to materials, labour and skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors that determine size of production units in the locality
- Analyse the size of visited production units
- Show interest in understanding business size decisions

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Talk about production unit visited previously
- Describe the size of the production unit visited
- Discuss factors that determined the size and share with peers

What factors determined the size of businesses in our community?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 101
- Exercise books
- Local production units
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 102
- Role play materials

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written reports

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Labour costs and business advantages

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how suitable location affects labour costs and business advantages
- Create a chart showing importance of suitable location
- Value the importance of location planning in entrepreneurship

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss how suitable location helps attract labour at reasonable costs
- Search on internet or print materials for more importance of suitable location
- Create chart showing importance of locating production unit in suitable area

How does suitable location give a business advantages?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 102
- Internet access
- Chart papers
- Markers

- Chart making - Presentations - Oral questions

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Meaning of financial goals
Financial Goals - Importance of financial goals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define setting goals in financial management
- Explain what financial goals involve
- Show interest in financial planning

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Brainstorm what the word 'goal' means
- Discuss the mind map showing financial goal of saving to buy a story book
- Discuss the meaning of setting goals in financial management

What does it mean to set financial goals?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 103
- Mind map
- Charts
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 104
- Resource person

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Benefits of financial discipline
Financial Goals - More benefits of setting financial goals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the benefits of financial discipline
- Analyse the dialogue on financial discipline
- Value responsible money management

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Read dialogue between Beka and Mr Mambo on financial discipline
- Discuss how financial discipline helps save money and avoid debt
- List the importance of financial discipline from the dialogue

How does financial discipline benefit us?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 105
- Dialogue script
- Charts
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 106
- Internet access
- Chart papers

- Oral questions - Role play - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Factors to consider when setting goals
Financial Goals - More factors for setting financial goals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors to consider when setting financial goals
- Analyse factors such as cost, savings capacity and timeline
- Show thoughtfulness in financial planning

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Choose a financial goal like saving to buy books
- Discuss factors such as item's cost, how much to save each week, how long to reach goal
- Present factors to the class

What factors should we consider when setting financial goals?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 106
- Charts
- Exercise books
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 107
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Presentations - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Setting SMART financial goals
Financial Goals - Creating SMART financial goals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain SMART financial goals (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Time-bound)
- Apply SMART criteria to formulate financial goals
- Appreciate the importance of well-structured goals

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Search online for information on setting SMART financial goals
- Discuss meaning of Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time-bound
- Set a financial goal such as buying a storybook using SMART criteria

What are SMART financial goals?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 107
- Internet access
- Charts
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 108
- Exercise books

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Observing financial discipline

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of financial discipline
- Apply financial discipline principles in managing money
- Value self-control in financial matters

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Share formulated financial goals with classmates
- Check if goals are SMART
- Give each other feedback on financial goals

How do we practise financial discipline?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 108
- Exercise books
- Charts

- Peer assessment - Oral questions - Group discussions

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Benefits of financial discipline in financial management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the benefits of observing financial discipline in financial management
- Relate financial discipline to achieving financial goals
- Embrace financial discipline for personal development

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss how financial discipline helps achieve set financial goals
- Discuss how financial discipline prevents unnecessary spending and debt
- Create a summary chart on financial discipline and display for feedback

Why is financial discipline important for achieving our goals?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 108
- Chart papers
- Markers

- Chart making - Presentations - Oral questions