ETIQUETTE: SOCIAL

Listening and Speaking

Extensive Listening - Listening for Enjoyment and General Understanding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Listen to varied audio-visual texts for enjoyment and general information
- Identify titles, characters, places and memorable events in audio-visual recordings
- Connect listening skills to everyday conversations like following news or understanding announcements

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to audio-visual recordings of poems, stories or dialogues in groups
- Identify titles, characters, places and memorable events in the audio-visual recordings
- Practise describing the characters, places and memorable events using sensory adjectives

Why are some recorded stories, poems and dialogues so enjoyable and memorable?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 1
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Peer assessment - Checklists

Reading
Writing

Reading Fluency - Previewing and Predicting
Sentence Fluency - Use of the Comma

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Preview a text and make predictions about characters, people and places
- Skim varied texts while glossing over unknown words to obtain the gist
- Apply previewing techniques when reading newspapers, notices or online content

The learner is guided to:
- Read a text and practise fluency strategies: previewing, ignoring unknown words, predicting, scanning
- Collaboratively look at the text title and images and predict what the text is about
- Read a text to obtain the gist

How can one make predictions about events in a text?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 11
- Varied texts
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 31
- Sample texts
- Sentence cards

- Oral questions - Reading assessment - Observation

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Word Classes - Common and Proper Nouns
Extensive Listening - Analysing Audio-Visual Texts for Key Information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Classify nouns as proper and common nouns
- Use proper and common nouns in sentences
- Identify nouns in everyday texts like labels, signs and advertisements

The learner is guided to:
- Identify common and proper nouns from a text
- Practise replacing a common noun with a proper noun
- Form sentences using common and proper nouns

How do we use naming words in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 20
- Charts
- Texts
- Moran Skills in English pg. 4
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Crossword puzzles

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use

Reading Fluency - Scanning and Skimming
Sentence Fluency - Avoiding Comma Splices and Run-on Sentences
Word Classes - Count and Non-count Nouns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Scan a text to obtain specific details such as names, dates and places
- Read varied texts at the right speed, accurately and with expression
- Quickly locate information in timetables, menus or directories

The learner is guided to:
- Scan through texts for keywords, names and specific details
- Watch a video of someone reading and evaluate accuracy, speed and expressiveness
- Work with peers to read a story or recite a poem accurately

Why is it necessary to read a text fluently?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 14
- Varied texts
- Video recordings
- Moran Skills in English pg. 33
- Sentence cards
- Sample texts
- Moran Skills in English pg. 22
- Pictures
- Charts

- Reading fluency test - Peer assessment - Observation

Listening and Speaking

Speaking Etiquette - Sounds /ɒ/ and /ɔː/ and Polite Expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish and articulate the sounds /ɒ/ and /ɔː/ for speaking fluency
- Use appropriate polite words and phrases in hotel, telephone and table etiquette
- Apply polite language when making requests or reservations in real situations

The learner is guided to:
- Practise saying the sounds /ɒ/ and /ɔː/ using minimal pairs
- Role-play telephone conversations and table manners
- Watch videos depicting etiquette in various situations

Why should you use appropriate words and phrases in hotel, dining and telephone situations?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 6
- Audio recordings
- Video clips

- Oral presentation - Role play assessment - Observation

Reading

Reading Fluency - Collocations and Binomial Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use common word patterns including collocations and binomial phrases
- Identify signal words and connectors in texts
- Recognize common expressions used in formal and informal writing

The learner is guided to:
- Pick out collocations from texts following patterns: adverb + adjective, adjective + noun
- Complete substitution tables and gap-filling exercises
- Form sentences featuring common word patterns

How do collocations enhance our reading comprehension?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 16
- Texts with collocations
- Substitution tables

- Gap-filling exercises - Sentence construction - Written assessment

Writing

Sentence Fluency - Punctuation Practice

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Rewrite texts and punctuate them correctly using the comma
- Value the importance of well-written sentences in communication
- Produce clear written work for school assignments and personal correspondence

The learner is guided to:
- Rewrite a text and punctuate it correctly using the comma
- Review each other's compositions focusing on punctuation
- Create well-punctuated paragraphs on social etiquette

How does correct punctuation improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 34
- Sample texts
- Worksheets

- Written exercises - Peer review - Portfolio assessment

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading

Word Classes - Pronouns and Phrasal Quantifiers
Critical Listening - Context, Audience and Intention
Extensive Reading - Selecting and Previewing Texts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use personal, possessive, reflexive and interrogative pronouns in sentences
- Use phrasal quantifiers with count and non-count nouns
- Apply correct pronoun usage in formal letters and conversations

The learner is guided to:
- Brainstorm categories of pronouns: personal, reflexive, emphatic, interrogative
- Form sentences using phrasal quantifiers
- Role-play dialogues using pronouns correctly

How do pronouns help us avoid repetition in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 24
- Charts
- Crossword puzzles
- Moran Skills in English pg. 37
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 48
- Newspapers
- Magazines
- Online texts

- Written exercises - Role play - Crossword completion

ENVIRONMENT: CLIMATE CHANGE

Writing
Grammar in Use

Mechanics of Writing - Spelling Rules
Word Classes - Main and Auxiliary Verbs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify frequently misspelt and easily confused words in written texts
- Apply spelling rules to write words with affixes
- Spell words correctly in formal documents, applications and reports

The learner is guided to:
- Search online or offline for examples of frequently misspelt and easily confused words
- Practise spelling words that are often misspelt
- Design charts featuring commonly confused words

How does spelling affect the quality of our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 65
- Dictionaries
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 53
- Substitution tables

- Spelling tests - Written exercises - Dictation

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Critical Listening - Selecting Key Points and Avoiding Distractions
Extensive Reading - Reading for Enjoyment and Understanding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Select key points from an audio text for information
- Use appropriate strategies to minimise distractions
- Focus on essential information during classroom lessons or meetings

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to a variety of texts on climate change while avoiding distractions
- Pick out the key points from an audio text and make notes
- Use strategies to minimise internal and external distractions

How can we ensure we gain the most out of a listening text?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 39
- Audio texts
- Note-taking materials
- Moran Skills in English pg. 50
- Varied texts
- Reading logs
- Chart paper

- Note-taking assessment - Listening comprehension - Peer assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Mechanics of Writing - Abbreviations and Acronyms
Word Classes - Tense and Aspect
Conversational Skills - Sounds /ə/, /ɑː/, /ɜː/ and Discourse Markers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use acronyms and abbreviations correctly in sentences
- Punctuate abbreviations appropriately
- Interpret abbreviations commonly used in forms, official documents and digital communication

The learner is guided to:
- Search online or offline for examples of abbreviations and acronyms
- Punctuate abbreviations correctly
- Use abbreviations and acronyms in sentences

What is the role of abbreviations and acronyms in written texts?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 68
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Moran Skills in English pg. 56
- Substitution tables
- Pictures
- Moran Skills in English pg. 42
- Poems
- Video clips
- Conversation cards

- Written exercises - Identification tasks - Sentence construction

Reading

Extensive Reading - Building Vocabulary

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recognise the role of extensive reading in building vocabulary
- Record new vocabulary in reading logs
- Expand personal vocabulary through regular reading of diverse materials

The learner is guided to:
- Read a variety of texts about climate change and make notes
- Record vocabulary, definitions and sentences in reading logs
- Share new words from reading logs with classmates

How does extensive reading help us expand our vocabulary?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 52
- Varied texts
- Reading logs
- Dictionaries

- Vocabulary logs - Word usage assessment - Peer sharing

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Words with Affixes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Spell words with missing or misplaced vowels and consonants correctly
- Apply spelling rules when adding prefixes and suffixes
- Form new words using affixes for creative and academic writing

The learner is guided to:
- Add suffixes -ed and -ing to words following spelling rules
- Complete sentences using words with correct affixes
- Design charts and posters featuring words with affixes

How do affixes change the meaning of root words?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 70
- Worksheets
- Charts

- Written exercises - Word formation tasks - Spelling tests

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Word Classes - Regular and Irregular Verbs
Selective Listening - Filtering Information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form past tense and past participle of regular and irregular verbs
- Use phrasal verbs with one particle in sentences
- Express past events accurately in storytelling and report writing

The learner is guided to:
- Create charts showing verbs with similar or different forms
- Construct sentences using regular and irregular verbs
- Fill crossword puzzles featuring regular and irregular verbs

Why do some verbs change form while others remain the same?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 59
- Charts
- Crossword puzzles
- Moran Skills in English pg. 110
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Crossword completion - Sentence construction

TRAVEL: ADVENTURE

Reading
Writing

Study Skills - Library Skills
Mechanics of Writing - Punctuation (Hyphen and Quotation Marks)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the uses of library catalogues and call numbers
- Locate resources using catalogues and call numbers
- Use library skills to research topics just as professionals research before making important travel decisions

The learner is guided to:
- Examine book spines and identify call numbers
- Search through a library catalogue to find books by author, title, subject or keyword
- Tour a library and study the organisation of resources
- Locate print and digital resources on travel topics

Why are reference materials useful?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 123
- Library catalogues
- Sample books with call numbers
- Digital devices
- Library resources
- Moran Skills in English pg. 139
- Sample texts with punctuation
- Charts showing punctuation rules
- Teacher's Guide

- Practical library tasks - Resource location assessment - Written questions - Observation

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Determiners - Articles, Demonstratives and Possessives
Selective Listening - Instructions and Directions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify articles, demonstratives and possessives in sentences
- Use determiners correctly in sentences about travel
- Recognise how proper determiner use helps give clear directions when navigating new places

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify articles (a, an, the), demonstratives (this, that, these, those) and possessives (her, his, my, your, their)
- Discuss the function of determiners in sentences
- Form sentences using determiners to describe travel adventures
- Create a chart showing different types of determiners

How do we use naming words in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 130
- Charts
- Sentence cards
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 112
- Audio recordings
- Maps

- Written questions - Gap-filling exercises - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use

Study Skills - Library Etiquette and Research
Mechanics of Writing - The Dash and Single Slash
Noun and Verb Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate appropriate library etiquette
- Conduct research using library resources
- Practise library etiquette skills that create positive learning environments in schools and public libraries

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss library rules and etiquette
- Set up a mock library and practise appropriate behaviour
- Research a travel-related topic using library resources
- Present research findings to peers

How can library skills help us learn about new topics?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 127
- Library resources
- Posters on library etiquette
- Digital devices
- Research materials
- Moran Skills in English pg. 140
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 133
- Sentence strips

- Research presentation - Observation schedule - Written reports - Peer assessment

Listening and Speaking

Conversational Skills - Speaking Fluency (Sounds /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Articulate the different realisations of the letter 's' (/s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/)
- Use homophones appropriately in oral contexts
- Pronounce words clearly when giving travel directions or communicating with tourists

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to words with different sounds of letter 's'
- Practise pronouncing minimal pairs
- Identify and use homophones in sentences
- Create tongue twisters using the target sounds

How can we overcome pronunciation challenges?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 114
- Audio recordings
- Word cards
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Pronunciation assessment - Oral presentation - Peer evaluation - Recording and playback

Reading

Study Skills - Visual Information Interpretation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Interpret visuals such as maps, diagrams and photographs in texts
- Relate visual information to written content
- Use visual interpretation skills when reading travel brochures, maps or tourist guides

The learner is guided to:
- Study visuals in travel-related texts
- Identify the purpose of each visual
- Relate visuals to the text they support
- Create visual representations summarising key ideas from texts

Why are visuals important in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 128
- Maps
- Photographs
- Travel brochures
- Digital devices

- Visual interpretation tasks - Written questions - Creative projects - Peer assessment

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Capitalisation Rules

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply the rules of capitalisation in sentences
- Write texts using correct capitalisation
- Use capitalisation correctly when writing about places, landmarks and geographical features visited during travels

The learner is guided to:
- Search online and offline for rules on capitalisation
- Identify capitalisation patterns in sentences
- Generate sentences requiring capital letters
- Write creative stories about travel applying capitalisation rules

How does correct capitalisation improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 142
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Error correction tasks - Creative writing assessment - Peer review

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading

Using Possessives and Articles as Determiners
Interactive Listening - Negotiating Meaning and Turn Taking
Intensive Reading - Comprehension Strategies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use possessives and articles as determiners with water bodies, physical features and unique entities
- Form sentences using determiners correctly
- Apply determiner knowledge when writing about famous travel destinations and geographical features

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and identify possessives and articles used as determiners
- Role-play situations using articles with water bodies and physical features
- Write sentences about travel experiences using possessives and articles
- Share and review sentences with peers

Why is it important to use determiners correctly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 137
- Texts about travel
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 146
- Video recordings of interviews
- Audio clips
- Moran Skills in English pg. 158
- Career-related texts
- KWL charts

- Written questions - Sentence construction - Role-play assessment - Peer evaluation

CAREERS: PUBLIC SECTOR

Writing
Grammar in Use

Functional Writing - Personal Journals and Diaries
Word Classes - Adverbs (Place, Time and Manner)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format of personal journals and diaries
- Write personal journal entries about career aspirations
- Keep journals to track personal growth and career development goals

The learner is guided to:
- Study samples of personal journals and diaries
- Discuss the format and features of journals and diaries
- Write personal journal entries reflecting on career goals
- Make diary entries planning career-related activities

How can the steps of the writing process help us improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 180
- Sample journals and diaries
- Writing templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 166
- Sentence cards
- Crossword puzzles
- Charts

- Journal assessment - Diary entries review - Peer feedback - Self-assessment

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Interactive Listening - Clarifying Meaning and Showing Empathy
Intensive Reading - Inferring Meaning from Context

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use clarification strategies to understand speakers
- Demonstrate empathy during conversations
- Show empathy and seek clarification when colleagues share workplace challenges

The learner is guided to:
- Watch videos showing empathy in conversations
- Practise asking clarifying questions
- Role-play conversations demonstrating empathy
- Create dialogues using phrases that show understanding

How can we seek clarification on what someone is telling us?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 149
- Video clips
- Dialogue scripts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 163
- Career texts
- Dictionaries
- Charts

- Role-play assessment - Oral presentation - Observation - Peer evaluation

Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Functional Writing - Memos
Word Classes - Gradable Adverbs (Comparatives and Superlatives)
Conversational Skills - Turn-taking, Interrupting and Disagreeing Politely

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format and features of a memo
- Write memos adhering to the correct format
- Compose workplace memos to communicate effectively with colleagues

The learner is guided to:
- Study samples of memos and discuss their format
- Identify parts of a memo (reference, sender, recipient, date, subject, body)
- Compose memos for different purposes
- Share memos with peers for feedback

Why is it important to know the purpose for which one is writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 182
- Sample memos
- Writing templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 169
- Charts showing adverb forms
- Sentence cards
- Moran Skills in English pg. 151
- Video clips of meetings
- Meeting platforms

- Memo writing assessment - Format evaluation - Peer review - Checklists

Reading

Intensive Reading - Summarising and Making Connections

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarise information from texts about careers
- Make connections between text content and real-life experiences
- Relate career stories to personal aspirations and community role models

The learner is guided to:
- Read career texts and identify main ideas
- Write summaries of the main points
- Relate events and characters to personal experiences
- Role-play sections of the text

How does reading comprehension support lifelong learning?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 165
- Career texts
- Summary templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Summary writing - Comprehension questions - Role-play assessment - Peer evaluation

Writing

Functional Writing - Formal and Informal Registers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between formal and informal registers
- Write texts using appropriate register for the audience
- Adjust communication style when writing to supervisors versus colleagues

The learner is guided to:
- Compare formal and informal texts
- Identify features of formal and informal registers
- Write two versions of a message using different registers
- Create a guide for using formal and informal registers

How does register affect written communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 177
- Sample formal and informal texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Register identification - Comparative writing - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Phrases - Adverb, Adjective and Prepositional Phrases
Responsive Listening - Connecting with a Speaker and Avoiding Distractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adverb, adjective and prepositional phrases in texts
- Form phrases following correct structures
- Use phrases to write detailed job descriptions or workplace reports

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and identify different types of phrases
- Analyse the structure of adverb phrases (adverb, intensifier + adverb)
- Analyse adjective phrases (adjective, intensifier + adjective, compound adjectives)
- Form prepositional phrases (preposition + noun phrase)

How do phrases enhance our communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 171
- Texts about careers
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 186
- Audio recordings
- Listening checklists

- Phrase identification - Written exercises - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

CULTURE: VALUES AND BELIEFS

Reading
Writing

Reading Fluency - Speed and Accuracy
Creative Writing - Features of Descriptive Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read texts at the right speed and accurately
- Identify features of fluent reading
- Read aloud cultural stories or poems during community gatherings with confidence

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to model reading at different speeds
- Practise reading texts at moderate pace
- Time reading and focus on accuracy
- Highlight main points from texts read

Why should we read text fluently?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 200
- Oral narratives
- Descriptive texts
- Timer/stopwatch
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 216
- Sample descriptive essays
- Pictures of cultural events
- Digital devices

- Timed reading - Accuracy assessment - Comprehension check - Peer evaluation

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Relative Pronouns - Who, Whom, Which, That, Whose
Responsive Listening - Showing Empathy and Providing Feedback

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify relative pronouns in sentences
- Use relative pronouns to connect nouns to clauses
- Describe community elders, cultural artefacts or traditional practices using relative pronouns

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose)
- Discuss the function of each relative pronoun
- Form sentences using relative pronouns
- Create a chart showing relative pronouns and their usage

How do relative pronouns help us communicate effectively?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 207
- Sentence cards
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 189
- Dialogue scripts
- Audio recordings

- Written questions - Sentence construction - Gap-filling exercises - Peer assessment

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use

Reading Fluency - Expressive Reading (Pitch, Pace, Volume)
Creative Writing - Descriptive Essays
Relative Clauses - Defining and Non-defining Clauses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate appropriate pitch, pace and volume when reading
- Read texts expressively bringing out feelings and emotions
- Perform poetry or narratives at cultural events with appropriate expression

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to audiobooks and identify features of expressive reading
- Practise reading with varied pitch, pace and volume
- Participate in choral or echo reading of poems
- Record expressive readings and share on digital platforms

How does expressive reading enhance communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 203
- Poems and narratives
- Audio recordings
- Recording devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 218
- Pictures of cultural events
- Sample essays
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 210
- Sample sentences
- Charts

- Expressive reading assessment - Recording evaluation - Peer feedback - Observation

Listening and Speaking

Speaking Fluency - Sounds /ʊ/ and /u:/, Word Stress, Onomatopoeia and Ideophones

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Pronounce words with sounds /ʊ/ and /u:/ accurately
- Stress disyllabic words correctly
- Use correct pronunciation when narrating cultural stories or performing traditional songs

The learner is guided to:
- Practise minimal pairs with sounds /ʊ/ and /u:/
- Identify and pronounce disyllabic words with correct stress
- Use onomatopoeic words and ideophones in oral contexts
- Role-play cultural activities using expressive language

Why should we articulate sounds correctly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 192
- Word cards
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Pronunciation assessment - Word stress evaluation - Oral presentation - Peer feedback

Reading

Reading Fluency - Reader's Theatre and Choral Reading

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Participate in reader's theatre activities
- Perform choral reading with appropriate expression
- Collaborate with peers to perform cultural texts at school assemblies or community events

The learner is guided to:
- Select poems or narratives for reader's theatre
- Assign portions of text to read in groups
- Practise and perform choral verses
- Record performances and share on digital platforms

How does collaborative reading improve fluency?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 205
- Poems on culture
- Narratives
- Recording devices
- Digital devices

- Performance assessment - Group evaluation - Recording review - Peer feedback

Writing

Creative Writing - Narrative Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline the structure of narrative essays (introduction, rising action, climax, resolution)
- Write narrative essays with characters, plot and sequence of events
- Document personal experiences or family stories for future generations

The learner is guided to:
- Read sample narrative essays and identify structure
- Develop characters and plot for narrative essays
- Create plot diagrams showing sequence of events
- Write narrative essays about cultural experiences

How can we make a narrative composition interesting?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 222
- Sample narratives
- Plot diagram templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Narrative writing assessment - Structure evaluation - Peer review - Rubrics

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking
Reading

Adverbial Clauses - Place, Time and Reason
Critical Listening - Distinguishing Facts and Opinions
Intensive Reading - Making Predictions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adverbial clauses of place, time and reason in texts
- Use adverbial clauses to express different meanings
- Explain when, where and why cultural events happen using appropriate clauses

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify adverbial clauses
- Classify adverbial clauses as place, time or reason
- Construct sentences using adverbial clauses
- Write stories about culture using adverbial clauses

How do adverbial clauses enhance our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 213
- Sample sentences
- Substitution tables
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 229
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Charts and posters
- Moran Skills in English pg. 237
- Class readers

- Written questions - Clause identification - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

SPORTS AND GAMES: POPULAR SPORTS

Writing
Grammar in Use

Functional Writing - Letter of Apology
Noun Clauses - That and What as Subjects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format of a letter of apology
- Compose a letter of apology while adhering to the format
- Use apology letters to maintain relationships in school sports teams and clubs

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss why someone might need to write an apology letter
- Study sample letters and identify parts: sender's address, date, salutation, body, closing
- Identify formal and informal language use in letters
- Write apology letters for sports-related scenarios

Why is it important to know the purpose for which one is writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 248
- Sample letters
- Digital devices
- Writing materials
- Moran Skills in English pg. 245
- Charts
- Sample passages

- Written exercises - Peer assessment - Format checklist - Content evaluation

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Critical Listening - Evaluating Accuracy
Intensive Reading - Visualising and Inferring Meaning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate information from an oral text for accuracy
- Distinguish facts from opinions in oral presentations
- Verify sports statistics and claims before sharing on social media

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to magazine articles about popular sports
- Make lists of facts about things, people and situations
- Identify statements reflecting opinions of writers
- Present facts and opinions in tables with reasons for decisions

Why is it important to listen to key points in a text?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 230
- Audio recordings
- Newspapers and magazines
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 239
- Class readers
- Drawing materials

- Debate participation - Fact-opinion tables - Group presentations - Oral assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Functional Writing - Letter of Appreciation
Noun Clauses - Using Noun Clauses as Subjects
Speaking Fluency - Sounds /f/, /ŋ/ and Consonant Blends

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format of a letter of appreciation
- Compose letters of appreciation for varied situations
- Show gratitude to coaches, teammates and sports officials through written appreciation

The learner is guided to:
- Study sample appreciation letters and note contents and format
- Identify the purpose of the letter and words indicating gratitude
- Write appreciation letters for sports day events
- Share letters with peers for feedback

Why should we appreciate others?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 252
- Sample letters
- Writing materials
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 246
- Charts
- Sample sentences
- Moran Skills in English pg. 232
- Audio recordings
- Word lists

- Written exercises - Format assessment - Peer evaluation - Content analysis

Reading

Intensive Reading - Summarising and Making Connections

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarise information from a text for comprehension
- Make connections between events, places and characters with real life
- Relate sports stories to personal experiences and local sporting events

The learner is guided to:
- Identify main ideas and key details that support them
- Write short summaries of stories
- Discuss instances relating to personal experiences
- Perform reader's theatre based on sports stories

Why do we need to read keenly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 243
- Class readers
- Digital devices
- Recording devices

- Summary writing - Comprehension tests - Reader's theatre - Connection charts

Writing

Functional Writing - Emails and Letter of Acceptance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format of emails and letters of acceptance
- Compose emails for different purposes observing netiquette
- Communicate professionally with sports clubs and organisations via email

The learner is guided to:
- Search for information on email format from library and digital sources
- Study parts of emails including To, Cc, Bcc, Subject, Body
- Outline steps of writing and sending emails
- Compose emails with attachments for sports-related purposes

What is the advantage of using emails for communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 253
- Digital devices
- Sample emails
- Internet access

- Email composition - Format checklist - Netiquette assessment - Peer review

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Noun Clauses - Application in Communication
Intensive Listening - Interpreting Visuals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Acknowledge the importance of noun clauses in communication
- Use noun clauses in dramatised skits about sports
- Write engaging sports commentary using varied sentence structures

The learner is guided to:
- Write theme-based skits featuring noun clauses and dramatise in class
- Exchange sentences with classmates for checking
- Make corrections based on feedback received
- Create sentences about sports and games using noun clauses

Why is it important to use a variety of sentences in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 247
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Performance space
- Moran Skills in English pg. 261
- Maps and diagrams
- Safety posters
- Audio recordings

- Skit performance - Written exercises - Peer evaluation - Self-assessment

HEALTH AND SAFETY: PERSONAL SAFETY

Reading
Writing

Study Skills - Survey, Question, Read
Creative Writing - Expository Paragraphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use the SQ4R technique for study purposes
- Survey texts by scanning titles, subtitles and visuals
- Apply systematic reading strategies when studying health guidelines

The learner is guided to:
- Read titles and write predictions about text content
- Read first and last paragraphs to identify author's purpose
- Find and list subtitles in texts
- Study visuals and connect them to text content

Why do we make or take notes?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 275
- Factual texts
- Digital devices
- Note-making materials
- Moran Skills in English pg. 289
- Sample paragraphs
- Writing materials

- Survey exercises - Question formulation - Reading comprehension - Note assessment

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Clause Patterns - Subject-Verb and Subject-Verb-Object
Intensive Listening - Interpreting Non-verbal Cues

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the subject, verb and object in selected sentences
- Form appropriate SV and SVO simple sentences
- Construct clear safety instructions using correct clause patterns

The learner is guided to:
- Watch videos on sentence types and identify simple sentences
- Identify words representing who did the action and what was done
- Read sentences and pick out subject, verb and direct object
- Compose simple sentences using SV and SVO patterns

Why should we use well-formed sentences?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 284
- Video recordings
- Sample sentences
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 263
- Observation charts

- Sentence identification - Pattern exercises - Written questions - Oral assessment

Reading
Writing
Grammar in Use

Study Skills - Paraphrasing and Note-making
Creative Writing - Persuasive Essays
Clause Patterns - Subject-Verb-Object-Object

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Make notes based on texts read
- Paraphrase information from varied descriptive texts
- Take effective notes during health education sessions

The learner is guided to:
- Watch video recordings on note-making and summary writing
- Identify key ideas and summarise in own words
- Make notes from passages using cue words and main notes format
- Paraphrase sections of texts and share with classmates

How does reading a text multiple times enhance our understanding?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 279
- Video recordings
- Factual texts
- Note-making templates
- Moran Skills in English pg. 295
- Sample essays
- Writing materials
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 285
- Sample sentences
- Charts

- Note-making exercises - Paraphrasing tasks - Peer review - Content accuracy check

Listening and Speaking

Speaking Fluency - Sense Relations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish synonyms, antonyms and homophones in communication
- Use synonyms, antonyms and homophones correctly in dialogues
- Choose precise words when explaining safety procedures to others

The learner is guided to:
- Read dialogues and identify words with similar and opposite meanings
- Draw charts showing synonyms, antonyms and homophones
- Find sets of synonyms, antonyms and homophones from texts
- Role-play conversations using sense relations correctly

How can we enhance our articulation of sounds?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 268
- Dialogues
- Charts
- Digital devices

- Word identification - Role-play assessment - Chart creation - Oral presentation

Reading

Study Skills - Summarising Information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarise information from varied descriptive texts
- Write concise summaries recapping main ideas and key points
- Summarise safety guidelines for quick reference

The learner is guided to:
- Brainstorm steps of writing a summary
- Study sample summaries and note characteristics
- Read factual descriptive texts and write summaries
- Create charts showing steps for writing summaries

How can we write a summary that is informative?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 281
- Factual texts
- Sample summaries
- Writing materials

- Summary writing - Step identification - Peer review - Content evaluation

Writing
Grammar in Use

Creative Writing - Expository Essays
Sentence Types - Simple and Compound Sentences

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create grade-appropriate expository essays to convey information
- Use facts, statistics and examples without personal opinions
- Write informative articles about health topics for school newsletters

The learner is guided to:
- Identify topics, concepts or historical processes related to health and safety
- Search for information using print and online materials
- Outline main characteristics and important information
- Write expository essays with introduction, body and conclusion

Why is it important to use facts when discussing a topic?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 292
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Sample essays
- Moran Skills in English pg. 287
- Sample sentences
- Writing materials

- Essay writing - Structure assessment - Fact verification - Peer evaluation

INCOME: TYPES AND SOURCES

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Selective Listening - Filtering and Extracting Information
Critical Reading - Identifying Audience, Purpose and Attitude

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify strategies for listening to specific details from oral texts
- Filter out unwanted information during oral presentations
- Focus on relevant financial information in business news

The learner is guided to:
- Watch videos and filter out unnecessary information
- Pick out specific information such as events and characters
- Simulate noisy environments and practise extracting required information
- Take turns listening and focusing on specific details

How can we focus as we listen to a speaker?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 303
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Simulation materials
- Moran Skills in English pg. 313
- Sample passages
- Mind map materials

- Listening exercises - Information extraction - Simulation participation - Oral assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use

Functional Writing - Writing Reminders
Sentences - Active Voice

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format of reminders
- Write reminders using the correct format
- Send timely payment reminders for income-generating activities

The learner is guided to:
- Study sample reminder letters and identify parts
- Search online and offline for features of reminders
- Outline steps of writing reminders
- Write reminders related to income-generating activities

Why do people write reminders and short reports?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 327
- Sample reminders
- Writing materials
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 321
- Pictures
- Sample sentences

- Format assessment - Reminder writing - Peer review - Display on noticeboard

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Selective Listening - Extracting Characters and Events
Critical Reading - Inferring Meanings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Extract specific information such as characters and messages from oral texts
- Listen to oral narratives and select specific information
- Identify key details in business presentations and investment talks

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to oral narratives related to income themes
- Select specific information including characters, main ideas and events
- Take turns listening and blocking out irrelevant information
- Paraphrase main points and specific details

Why is listening for information important?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 304
- Oral narratives
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 317
- Sample passages
- Tables and charts

- Information extraction - Paraphrasing exercises - Oral questions - Group discussions

Writing
Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Functional Writing - Incident and Newspaper Reports
Sentences - Passive Voice
Speaking Fluency - Pronunciation and Intonation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Write incident reports and newspaper reports for various uses
- Use passive voice in short reports for communication clarity
- Document business incidents professionally for record-keeping

The learner is guided to:
- Read sample incident reports and identify format features
- Discuss format including length, content and organisation
- Write incident reports answering who, what, where and when
- Use passive voice sentences appropriately in reports

Why is it important to write reports in correct format?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 329
- Sample reports
- Writing materials
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 324
- Pictures
- Sample sentences
- Moran Skills in English pg. 306
- Audio recordings
- Minimal pair lists

- Report writing - Format assessment - Passive voice use - Peer evaluation

Reading

Critical Reading - Analysing Structure and Form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read short texts multiple times to gain deeper understanding
- Examine structure and form of short texts
- Analyse financial articles and reports critically

The learner is guided to:
- Read short texts multiple times for deeper understanding
- Work with peers and discuss punctuation, sentence structure and paragraphing
- Make notes on main ideas and meanings expressed
- Develop arguments based on observations and interpretations

How does reading a text multiple times enhance understanding?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 319
- Short texts
- Note-making materials
- Digital devices

- Multiple reading exercises - Structure analysis - Note-making assessment - Discussion participation

Writing
Grammar in Use

Functional Writing - Designing Questionnaires
Subject-Verb Agreement - Rules and Application

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format of questionnaires
- Design questionnaires for gathering information from various sources
- Conduct market research for school income-generating projects

The learner is guided to:
- Study sample questionnaires and identify characteristics
- Search online and offline for steps of creating questionnaires
- Brainstorm information needed and identify target respondents
- Design questionnaires based on income-related topics

Why do people use questionnaires?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 337
- Sample questionnaires
- Digital devices
- Writing materials
- Moran Skills in English pg. 321
- Sample texts
- Charts and posters

- Questionnaire design - Format assessment - Peer review - Display and feedback