ETIQUETTE: SOCIAL

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Extensive Listening - Listening to audio-visual texts
Reading Fluency - Previewing texts and making predictions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Listen to varied audio-visual texts for enjoyment and general information
- Identify titles, characters, places, and memorable events in recordings
- Connect careful listening skills to everyday situations like following announcements in public places

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to audio visual recordings of poems, stories or dialogues in groups
- Identify titles, characters, places, and memorable events in the audio-visual recordings
- Practise describing the characters, places and memorable events using sensory adjectives

Why are some recorded stories, poems and dialogues so enjoyable and memorable?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 1
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 5
- Various texts
- Photographs

- Observation - Oral questions - Listening comprehension tests - Peer assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use

Sentence Fluency - Using the comma correctly
Word Classes - Types of Nouns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify sentences in which the comma has been used appropriately
- Use the comma in sentences for clear communication
- Recognize that proper punctuation prevents misunderstandings in text messages and emails

The learner is guided to:
- Work together to identify well-punctuated sentences from a sample text
- Join sentences using relevant coordinating conjunctions
- Collaboratively write sentences on cards

Why should we write complete sentences?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 16
- Sample texts
- Word cards
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 10
- Posters
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Peer review - Observation - Checklists

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Extensive Listening - Identifying key details
Reading Fluency - Speed and accuracy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse a wide range of audio-visual recordings to obtain key details
- Retell events from recordings for oral comprehension
- Apply active listening skills when receiving instructions at home or school

The learner is guided to:
- Work in small groups, pick out key details such as characters, places, and events
- Role-play events/episodes from the texts
- Engage in a hot seating session based on the characters or events

How do key details such as characters, places, and events help us understand the message?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 1
- Audio-visual recordings
- Charts
- Posters
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 6
- Various texts
- Newspapers
- Timer

- Oral presentations - Hot seating assessment - Group work evaluation - Observation

Writing
Grammar in Use

Sentence Fluency - Correcting comma splices
Word Classes - Types of Pronouns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify comma splices in written texts
- Rewrite comma splices correctly for communication clarity
- Avoid common punctuation errors that cause confusion in formal letters and reports

The learner is guided to:
- Rewrite comma splices and run-on sentences correctly
- Exchange cards for peer review of the sentences
- Form sentences from a substitution table

How does correct punctuation improve understanding?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 16
- Sample texts with errors
- Word cards
- Charts
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 12
- Digital devices
- Dialogues
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Peer review - Error correction tasks - Checklists

Listening and Speaking

Speaking Etiquette - Pronunciation and polite language

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish and articulate the sounds /ɒ/ and /ɔː/ for speaking fluency
- Use appropriate polite words and phrases related to table, hotel, and telephone etiquette
- Apply etiquette skills when making phone calls or visiting public places

The learner is guided to:
- Practise saying the sounds /ɒ/ and /ɔː/ (cot-caught, not-naught, pot-port)
- Watch videos depicting the use of etiquette in hotels, telephone conversations, and at the table
- Role play a telephone conversation between a hotel receptionist and a guest

Why should you use appropriate words and phrases in hotel, dining, and telephone situations?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 3
- Audio recordings
- Video clips
- Digital devices
- Role play cards

- Pronunciation tests - Role play assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Reading

Reading Fluency - Common word patterns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use common word patterns (collocations and binomial phrases) for effective communication
- Recognize collocations in reading texts
- Use collocations naturally in speaking and writing like native speakers do

The learner is guided to:
- Pick out phrases such as bigger and better, bread and butter from texts
- Complete substitution tables and gap-filling exercises featuring common word patterns
- Form sentences featuring common word patterns

How do word patterns improve our communication?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 8
- Sample texts
- Substitution tables
- Gap-filling exercises
- Charts

- Written exercises - Gap-filling tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Writing

Sentence Fluency - Correcting run-on sentences

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify and rewrite run-on sentences correctly
- Use coordinating conjunctions to join sentences appropriately
- Write clear sentences in social media posts and messages to avoid misunderstandings

The learner is guided to:
- Identify errors in run-on sentences
- Rewrite sentences correctly using full stops, semi-colons, or conjunctions
- Join sentences using conjunctions such as and, but, or, yet and so

Why is it important to avoid run-on sentences in writing?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 17
- Sample texts
- Manila cards
- Charts
- Exercise books

- Written exercises - Error correction tasks - Peer assessment - Checklists

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Word Classes - Phrasal Quantifiers
Critical Listening - Identifying speaker and context

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use phrasal quantifiers with count and non-count nouns
- Form correct expressions indicating amounts
- Use quantifiers accurately when shopping, cooking, or describing quantities in daily life

The learner is guided to:
- Use phrasal quantifiers with count and non-count nouns in sentences
- Fill in gaps with expressions that make nouns countable
- Write sentences using expressions: a bottle of, a drop of, a roll of, a tray of

How do phrasal quantifiers help us express amounts clearly?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 14
- Charts
- Sample sentences
- Exercise books
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 20
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Gap-filling tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

ENVIRONMENT: CLIMATE CHANGE

Reading
Writing

Extensive Reading - Selecting appropriate texts
Mechanics of Writing - Spelling accuracy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Select appropriate and relevant texts in preparation for reading
- Preview varied texts such as newspapers, magazines, and periodicals
- Choose reliable sources when researching environmental topics online

The learner is guided to:
- Preview varied texts such as online or offline newspapers, magazines and periodicals
- Select a suitable text from a collection with information on the environment
- Read the texts and relate events, persons, and places to real-life situations

What do we consider when selecting a reading text?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 25
- Newspapers
- Magazines
- Online texts
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 36
- Dictionary
- Charts
- Posters

- Text selection assessment - Oral questions - Reading logs - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Word Classes - Verbs and auxiliaries
Critical Listening - Note-taking and concentration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify main verbs and auxiliary verbs in sentences
- Use primary and modal auxiliaries correctly
- Use verb forms accurately when writing reports about environmental activities

The learner is guided to:
- Identify verbs in sentences and distinguish main verbs from auxiliaries
- Make a chart showing primary and modal auxiliaries
- Role play the use of modal auxiliary verbs to seek and grant permission

How do auxiliary verbs help us express different meanings?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 30
- Charts
- Sample sentences
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 20
- Audio recordings
- Note-taking materials

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Role play assessment - Checklists

Reading
Writing

Extensive Reading - Reading for pleasure
Mechanics of Writing - Using abbreviations correctly

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read varied texts for enjoyment and general understanding
- Summarise information using pictures, mind maps, posters, or charts
- Develop a reading habit that broadens knowledge about environmental issues

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and relate events, persons, and places to real-life situations
- Summarise the information in the text using pictures, mind maps, posters, or charts
- Prepare and compare reading logs with peers

Why should one carefully select the text to read?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 26
- Various texts
- Reading logs
- Mind map templates
- Chart paper
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 36
- Dictionary
- Charts
- Sample texts
- Digital devices

- Reading logs - Summaries - Mind maps - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Word Classes - Verb forms
Conversational Skills - Pronunciation and discourse markers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between regular and irregular verbs
- Use the present, past and past participle forms correctly
- Use correct verb forms when describing environmental changes over time

The learner is guided to:
- Create a poster or chart showing examples of verbs with three forms similar, two forms similar, and three forms different
- Construct sentences using the verb types
- Fill a crossword puzzle featuring regular and irregular verbs

Why must we use the correct form of verbs in sentences?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 31
- Charts
- Crossword puzzles
- Sample sentences
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 22
- Audio recordings
- Conversational cards
- Digital devices
- Poems

- Written exercises - Crossword completion - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Reading

Extensive Reading - Vocabulary development

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recognise the role of extensive reading in building vocabulary
- Create a reading log to track reading activities
- Use new vocabulary learned from reading in conversations about the environment

The learner is guided to:
- Read the texts and identify new vocabulary words
- Keep a vocabulary journal with new words and their meanings
- Prepare and compare reading logs with peers

How does extensive reading help build vocabulary?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 29
- Various texts
- Reading logs
- Vocabulary journals
- Dictionary

- Reading logs - Vocabulary tests - Journal reviews - Peer assessment

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Word formation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply spelling rules to write words with affixes
- Distinguish easily confused words in written texts
- Avoid word confusion errors that could change the meaning of environmental reports

The learner is guided to:
- Add affixes to words and observe how meanings change
- Use pairs of easily confused words in sentences
- Design charts featuring words with affixes

How do affixes change word meanings?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 38
- Dictionary
- Charts
- Sample sentences
- Exercise books

- Written exercises - Sentence construction - Peer assessment - Checklists

Grammar in Use

Word Classes - Tense and phrasal verbs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct sentences in present, past, and future progressive forms
- Use phrasal verbs with appropriate meanings in context
- Describe environmental changes accurately using different tenses and aspects

The learner is guided to:
- Construct sentences in the present, past and future progressive from a substitution table
- Use phrasal verbs to make sentences with different meanings
- Select phrasal verbs with one particle and use them appropriately

How do tense and aspect help us express time in communication?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 34
- Substitution tables
- Charts
- Sample sentences
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Sentence construction - Oral questions - Peer assessment

AI AND SOCIETY: HEALTHCARE

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Intensive Listening - Keywords, facts, and phrases
Reference Materials - Dictionary and thesaurus skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Listen to audio/video recordings and pick out specific details
- Identify keywords, dates, names, key facts, and phrases
- Apply intensive listening skills when following medical instructions or health advice

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to a text with a partner and ask them to speak slowly and clearly
- Take notes and pick out the benefits of artificial intelligence in health
- Play language games using the target sounds, keywords, dates, names, key facts, and phrases

How do we identify specific details in a listening text?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 41
- Audio/video recordings
- Note-taking materials
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 54
- Dictionary
- Thesaurus

- Listening comprehension tests - Note-taking assessment - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use

Paragraphing Skills - Using connectors
Word Classes - Types of adjectives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use addition, contrast, ordering, similarity, and summarising linking words
- Join ideas in a paragraph using linking words
- Write coherent paragraphs in health reports and information articles

The learner is guided to:
- Identify connectors of addition, similarity, and contrast from a text
- Use pictorials to sequentially order events in a text
- Join ideas in a paragraph using linking words

Why should we organise ideas logically in writing?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 67
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Pictorials
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 60
- Posters
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Paragraph assessment - Peer review - Checklists

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Intensive Listening - Recognizing figurative language
Reference Materials - Multiple sources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify figurative language and fixed phrases in oral texts
- Interpret similes, metaphors, and personification in context
- Understand figurative expressions used in health awareness campaigns

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to a poem and identify similes and metaphors used
- Identify things that have been given human qualities (personification)
- Use fixed expressions from dialogues in sentences

How does figurative language enhance meaning in texts?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 43
- Poems
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 56
- Encyclopaedia
- Atlas
- Manuals

- Listening tests - Identification exercises - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use

Paragraphing Skills - Topic and clincher sentences
Word Classes - Degrees of comparison

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the structure of a well-formed paragraph (topic, supporting, clincher sentences)
- Follow the writing process to write and refine a paragraph
- Write well-structured paragraphs about healthcare topics

The learner is guided to:
- Write a topic sentence, supporting sentences and clincher sentence
- Refine sentences using the steps of the writing process
- Brainstorm ideas for a paragraph on a person, place, or event

What makes a paragraph well-structured?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 69
- Sample paragraphs
- Writing process charts
- Exercise books
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 63
- Charts
- Sample texts
- Crossword puzzles

- Paragraph writing assessment - Peer review - Checklists - Self-assessment

Listening and Speaking

Speaking Fluency - Using non-verbal communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Interpret and use nonverbal cues appropriately in oral communication
- Use humour, storytelling, and music to convey important messages
- Present health information engagingly using appropriate gestures and expressions

The learner is guided to:
- Role-play conversations using nonverbal cues such as facial expressions, gestures, and eye contact
- Prepare and present humorous or storytelling content related to the theme
- Record performances and review them

How do nonverbal cues enhance communication?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 46
- Role play cards
- Recording devices
- Digital devices
- Props

- Role play assessment - Presentation evaluation - Observation - Peer assessment

Reading

Reference Materials - Current information sources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Extract information from newspapers on various topics
- Make notes from reference materials
- Stay informed about health developments and medical news through newspapers

The learner is guided to:
- Read newspaper articles and identify key information
- Make notes from texts related to artificial intelligence in healthcare
- Share findings with peers for feedback

How do newspapers help us stay informed about current events?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 59
- Newspapers
- Note-taking materials
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Note-taking assessment - Information extraction tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Writing

Paragraphing Skills - Essay structure and paraphrasing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the parts of an essay (introduction, body, conclusion)
- Paraphrase information from varied texts
- Write essays about healthcare topics using proper structure

The learner is guided to:
- Read an essay together and identify the parts: introduction, body, conclusion
- Work in groups to write introductory, body, and concluding paragraphs
- Practise paraphrasing texts in their own words

How can you make an essay more cohesive?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 70
- Sample essays
- Paraphrasing exercises
- Exercise books
- Teacher's Guide

- Essay writing assessment - Paraphrasing tests - Peer review - Checklists

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Word Classes - Prepositions of place, time, and manner
Selective Listening - Following instructions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate appropriate use of simple prepositions showing agent, place, time, and manner
- Form sentences using prepositions of time, place, and movement
- Give accurate directions to healthcare facilities using prepositions

The learner is guided to:
- Form sentences using prepositions of time, place, manner, instrument, and movement
- Complete crossword puzzles using relevant prepositions
- Write paragraphs using correctly ordered adjectives and simple prepositions

How do prepositions show relationships between words?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 65
- Charts
- Crossword puzzles
- Sample sentences
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 73
- Audio recordings
- Maps
- Digital devices
- Game materials

- Written exercises - Crossword completion - Oral questions - Peer assessment

TRAVEL: ADVENTURE

Reading
Writing

Study Skills - Using library resources
Mechanics of Writing - Quotation marks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate print resources using a call number
- Use digital resources in a library
- Research travel destinations using library and online resources

The learner is guided to:
- Find out the meaning of library catalogue, call number, and note cards
- Work with the librarian to learn steps in locating print resources
- Identify a digital resource on a topic of choice

How can we locate reading material in a library?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 83
- Library resources
- Call numbers
- Digital devices
- Note cards
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 92
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Exercise books

- Library skills assessment - Research tasks - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Determiners - Using articles correctly
Selective Listening - Note-taking from recordings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use articles (a, an, the) correctly with water bodies, physical features, and unique entities
- Distinguish when to use definite and indefinite articles
- Describe travel destinations accurately using correct articles

The learner is guided to:
- Role play situations where articles are used with water bodies, physical features, periods in history
- Use articles to refer to unique entities and organisations
- Make sentences using articles with specific categories

When do we use 'the' with geographical features and institutions?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 88
- Charts
- Maps
- Sample sentences
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 73
- Audio/video recordings
- Note-taking materials
- Digital devices
- Role play cards

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Role play assessment - Peer assessment

Reading
Writing

Study Skills - Interpreting visual information
Mechanics of Writing - Dashes, hyphens, and slashes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use visuals to predict what a text is about
- Interpret pictures, graphs, and charts in reading materials
- Use travel brochures and maps to plan adventures

The learner is guided to:
- Study pictures and predict the story they tell
- Write outlines based on visual predictions
- Discuss why illustrations are important in reading

How do visuals help us understand texts better?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 86
- Pictures
- Charts
- Travel brochures
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 93
- Sample texts
- Exercise books

- Prediction assessment - Visual interpretation tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Determiners - Demonstratives and possessives
Conversational Skills - Word choice and formality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use demonstratives (this, that, these, those) correctly as determiners
- Use possessives (her, my, your, his, their) as determiners
- Describe personal belongings and travel items accurately

The learner is guided to:
- Read a text and identify sentences where possessives function as determiners
- Copy passages and underline all determiners
- Use demonstratives and possessives to construct sentences

How do determiners help us identify specific nouns?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 90
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Exercise books
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 76
- Audio recordings
- Poems
- Stories
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Identification tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Reading

Study Skills - Conducting library research

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Observe library etiquette while using library resources
- Follow steps in conducting library research
- Research travel safety tips and destination information effectively

The learner is guided to:
- Brainstorm ways of making the library a conducive environment
- Write a list of library rules
- Conduct research on a travel-related topic following proper steps

What rules should we follow when using a library?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 84
- Library resources
- Research materials
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Research assessment - Library etiquette observation - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Capitalisation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply the rules of capitalisation in a variety of sentences
- Use capital letters correctly for proper nouns and titles
- Write travel documents and postcards with correct capitalisation

The learner is guided to:
- Generate sentences that require the use of capital letters in various positions
- Review each other's compositions with a focus on capitalisation
- Search for rules on capitalisation

When should we use capital letters in writing?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 94
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Exercise books
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Capitalisation tests - Peer review - Checklists

Grammar in Use

Phrases - Noun and verb phrase structure

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify noun phrases and verb phrases in sentences
- Form sentences using different noun phrase and verb phrase structures
- Describe travel experiences using varied phrase structures for clarity

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to a story and write down all the noun phrases
- Group noun phrases in tables by structure
- Identify verb phrases in sentences and use them in new sentences

How are phrases different from sentences?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 90
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Exercise books
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Phrase identification tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

CAREERS: PUBLIC SECTOR

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Interactive Listening - Conversational skills
Intensive Reading - Pre-reading strategies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Practise turn-taking during conversations
- Negotiate meaning through clarifying questions
- Conduct effective job interviews by listening and responding appropriately

The learner is guided to:
- Identify signals that indicate someone has finished speaking
- Practise turn-taking in group discussions about careers
- Ask clarifying questions to understand speakers better

What signals indicate that it is your turn to speak in a conversation?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 96
- Audio recordings
- Video clips
- Digital devices
- Role play cards
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 102
- Various texts
- Job advertisements
- Charts

- Observation - Role play assessment - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use

Functional Writing - Writing memos
Word Classes - Types of adverbs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format of a memo
- Write memos while adhering to the format
- Communicate professionally in workplace settings using appropriate memo format

The learner is guided to:
- Search online and share samples of memos
- Discuss with peers the format of a memo
- Compose a memo collaboratively

What is the purpose of a memo in an organization?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 114
- Sample memos
- Digital devices
- Exercise books
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 106
- Charts
- Crossword puzzles
- Sample sentences

- Memo writing assessment - Format evaluation - Peer review - Checklists

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Interactive Listening - Active listening skills
Intensive Reading - Comprehension strategies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Show empathy during conversations
- Paraphrase information to confirm understanding
- Support colleagues and friends by listening empathetically to their career concerns

The learner is guided to:
- Use expressions to show appreciation and empathy
- Paraphrase what speakers say to confirm understanding
- Simulate situations requiring empathetic listening

How can we show that we understand and care about what someone is saying?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 97
- Audio recordings
- Role play cards
- Digital devices
- Expression cards
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 103
- Comprehension passages
- Career-related texts
- Exercise books

- Role play assessment - Paraphrasing tests - Observation - Peer assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use

Functional Writing - Personal writing
Word Classes - Degrees of adverbs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Write personal journals and diaries while adhering to the format
- Use informal register in personal writing
- Reflect on career goals and experiences through journal writing

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss with peers the format of a diary/personal journal
- Search online and share samples of diaries and journals
- Compose a diary/journal entry collaboratively

How can keeping a journal help us track our growth and experiences?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 112
- Sample journals
- Sample diaries
- Digital devices
- Exercise books
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 107
- Charts
- Tables
- Sample sentences

- Journal writing assessment - Format evaluation - Peer review - Self-assessment

Listening and Speaking

Conversational Skills - Digital communication etiquette

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Observe netiquette when participating in online meetings
- Take turns, interrupt, and disagree politely in online and face-to-face meetings
- Participate professionally in virtual job interviews and online meetings

The learner is guided to:
- Research ways of observing netiquette during online meetings
- Take part in a video conferencing call
- Discuss how to take turns and disagree politely in meetings

Why is it important to observe etiquette in online communication?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 100
- Digital devices
- Video conferencing platforms
- Netiquette guidelines
- Role play cards

- Online meeting assessment - Observation - Peer assessment - Checklists

Reading

Intensive Reading - Building understanding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Infer the meaning of idioms, compound words, and proverbs in written texts
- Make connections between events in texts and real life
- Understand professional terminology in career-related documents

The learner is guided to:
- Work with others to practise using transparent idioms and compound words
- Collaboratively rewrite events and sections of a text in their own words
- Visualise how people, events, or places in a text look like

How do idioms and proverbs enrich our understanding of texts?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 105
- Comprehension passages
- Dictionary
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Comprehension tests - Vocabulary assessment - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Writing

Functional Writing - Polite and formal writing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use euphemisms appropriately in formal writing
- Distinguish between formal and informal language
- Write professional emails and letters using appropriate formal language

The learner is guided to:
- Read paragraphs and identify euphemisms used to replace unpleasant words
- Distinguish between formal and informal expressions
- Use euphemisms and formal language in sentences

Why do we use polite expressions in professional communication?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 110
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Exercise books

- Written exercises - Identification tests - Peer review - Checklists

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Phrases - Types of phrases
Responsive Listening - Connecting with a Speaker

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adjective phrases, adverb phrases, and prepositional phrases in sentences
- Use different types of phrases to enhance writing
- Write clear job applications and resumes using varied phrase structures

The learner is guided to:
- Search for adverb phrases, adjective phrases, and prepositional phrases from texts
- Read a passage and identify different types of phrases
- Fill in blanks with appropriate phrases

How do different types of phrases improve our writing?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 108
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Exercise books
- Teacher's Guide
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 116
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Phrase identification tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

CULTURE: VALUES AND BELIEFS

Reading
Writing

Reading Fluency - Speed, Accuracy and Prosody
Creative Writing - Narrative Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the features of expressive reading from a selected text
- Read a text at the right speed and accurately for fluency
- Use expressive reading skills when presenting speeches or stories

The learner is guided to:
- Work in collaboration with others to read sentences and express different emotions as written on flashcards
- Listen to audiobooks and identify features of expressive reading such as pitch, pace, and volume
- Take turns to read, rehearse, and present choral verses

Why should we read text fluently?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 123
- Audio books
- Flashcards
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 135
- Sample narrative essays
- Charts

- Oral reading assessment - Peer assessment - Observation - Checklists

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Word Classes - Relative Pronouns
Responsive Listening - Showing Empathy and Avoiding Distractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Pick out relative pronouns from a text
- Demonstrate appropriate usage of relative pronouns in sentences
- Use relative pronouns correctly when describing people, places, or things

The learner is guided to:
- Search from books or the Internet for information on relative pronouns: who, which, whom, whose, that
- Match relative pronouns to their usage
- Create a chart showing relative pronouns and examples of their usage

How do relative pronouns help us communicate effectively?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 126
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Crossword puzzles
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 117
- Audio recordings
- Role play materials

- Written questions - Oral questions - Peer assessment - Checklists

Reading
Writing

Reading Fluency - Pitch, Pace, Volume and Intonation
Creative Writing - Drafting Narrative Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate the right pitch, pace, and volume when reading a text
- Use intonation patterns correctly when reading different types of sentences
- Apply appropriate intonation when giving presentations or reading announcements

The learner is guided to:
- Search from books or the Internet for information on intonation patterns
- Identify rising, falling, rising-falling, and falling-rising intonation
- Practise reading sentences using the right intonation pattern

How does intonation affect the meaning of what we read?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 124
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Choral verses
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 136
- Sample essays
- Writing materials

- Oral reading assessment - Peer assessment - Observation - Recording analysis

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Clauses - Relative Clauses
Speaking Fluency - Word Stress

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form relative clauses introduced by relative pronouns: who, whom, that, which, whose
- Distinguish between defining and non-defining relative clauses
- Use relative clauses correctly when writing descriptions or explanations

The learner is guided to:
- Search from books or the Internet for information on defining and non-defining relative clauses
- Underline relative clauses in sentences and indicate whether defining or non-defining
- Use relative clauses to construct sentences about pictures

How do relative clauses help us add more information to sentences?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 127
- Charts
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 120
- Audio recordings
- Word lists

- Written exercises - Peer assessment - Oral questions - Checklists

Reading

Reading Fluency - Expressive Reading

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Participate in echo reading and reader's theatre activities
- Record reading sessions and share them on digital platforms
- Use expressive reading techniques when reading stories to younger learners

The learner is guided to:
- Participate in echo reading of a given poem while bringing out feelings and emotions appropriately
- Record the reading sessions and share them on digital platforms
- Take part in a reader's theatre by selecting a poem or narrative and assigning portions to read

How does practising reading aloud improve our communication skills?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 125
- Poems and narratives
- Recording devices
- Digital platforms

- Performance assessment - Peer review - Recording evaluation - Checklists

Writing

Creative Writing - Descriptive Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create a descriptive paragraph to talk about a person, place, object, or event in detail
- Use similes, metaphors and sensory language in descriptive writing
- Write vivid descriptions for creative projects or travel journals

The learner is guided to:
- Read descriptive essays and identify similes, metaphors, and descriptions of sound, smell, taste, sight, and touch
- Generate a list of words that relate to the five senses
- Write a descriptive essay about a cultural event

How do sensory details help readers visualize what we describe?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 131
- Sample descriptive essays
- Mind maps
- Charts

- Written assessment - Peer assessment - Portfolio evaluation - Rubrics

Grammar in Use

Clauses - Adverbial Clauses of Time and Reason

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use adverbial clauses of place, time, and reason to express different meanings
- Construct sentences featuring adverbial clauses
- Apply adverbial clauses when explaining events or giving reasons in daily communication

The learner is guided to:
- Search from books or the Internet for information on adverbial clauses of time and reason
- Identify clauses which show when something happened and ones that show why
- Complete sentences using adverbial clauses from a substitution table

When do we use adverbial clauses to explain our actions?

- Excelling in English Grade 10 pg. 130
- Substitution tables
- Charts
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Peer assessment - Oral questions - Checklists