ENVIRONMENT: CLIMATE CHANGE

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Critical Listening - Context, Audience and Intention
Extensive Reading - Selecting and Previewing Texts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Determine the speaker, context, audience and intention in an oral text
- Describe various forms of distractions to effective listening
- Identify speaker's purpose when listening to news reports or public announcements

The learner is guided to:
- Collaboratively search for information on how to identify speaker, audience, context and intention
- Listen to a variety of audio texts and identify the speaker, context and intention
- Brainstorm on different forms of distractions and how to avoid them

Why is it important to listen to key points in a text?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 37
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 48
- Newspapers
- Magazines
- Online texts

- Oral questions - Listening comprehension - Observation

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Spelling Rules

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify frequently misspelt and easily confused words in written texts
- Apply spelling rules to write words with affixes
- Spell words correctly in formal documents, applications and reports

The learner is guided to:
- Search online or offline for examples of frequently misspelt and easily confused words
- Practise spelling words that are often misspelt
- Design charts featuring commonly confused words

How does spelling affect the quality of our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 65
- Dictionaries
- Charts
- Digital devices

- Spelling tests - Written exercises - Dictation

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Word Classes - Main and Auxiliary Verbs
Critical Listening - Selecting Key Points and Avoiding Distractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify main verbs and auxiliary verbs in sentences
- Use primary auxiliary verbs (be, have, do) correctly
- Construct grammatically correct sentences when writing reports or filling forms

The learner is guided to:
- Fill blank spaces in sentences with appropriate auxiliary verbs
- Make charts showing primary and modal auxiliaries
- Construct sentences using auxiliary verbs in various tenses

How do auxiliary verbs support main verbs in sentences?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 53
- Charts
- Substitution tables
- Moran Skills in English pg. 39
- Audio texts
- Note-taking materials

- Written exercises - Gap-filling - Oral questions

Reading

Extensive Reading - Reading for Enjoyment and Understanding

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read varied texts for enjoyment and general understanding
- Summarise information using pictures, mind maps or charts
- Develop a reading habit for personal growth and relaxation

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and relate events, persons and places to real-life situations
- Summarise information using pictures, mind maps, posters or charts
- Prepare and compare reading logs with peers

Why should one carefully select the text to read?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 50
- Varied texts
- Reading logs
- Chart paper

- Reading logs - Summary writing - Oral presentation

Writing
Grammar in Use

Mechanics of Writing - Abbreviations and Acronyms
Word Classes - Tense and Aspect

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use acronyms and abbreviations correctly in sentences
- Punctuate abbreviations appropriately
- Interpret abbreviations commonly used in forms, official documents and digital communication

The learner is guided to:
- Search online or offline for examples of abbreviations and acronyms
- Punctuate abbreviations correctly
- Use abbreviations and acronyms in sentences

What is the role of abbreviations and acronyms in written texts?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 68
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Moran Skills in English pg. 56
- Substitution tables
- Pictures

- Written exercises - Identification tasks - Sentence construction

Listening and Speaking

Conversational Skills - Sounds /ə/, /ɑː/, /ɜː/ and Discourse Markers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Articulate the sounds /ə/, /ɑː/ and /ɜː/ for oral fluency
- Use discourse markers for starting, ending and changing topics
- Manage conversations smoothly in social and academic settings

The learner is guided to:
- Recite poems or form minimal pairs with the sounds /ə/, /ɑː/ and /ɜː/
- Select and group discourse markers from various sources
- Role-play conversations using transitional words

How do idea connectors affect the flow of conversations?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 42
- Poems
- Video clips
- Conversation cards

- Oral presentation - Role play - Pronunciation assessment

Reading

Extensive Reading - Building Vocabulary

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recognise the role of extensive reading in building vocabulary
- Record new vocabulary in reading logs
- Expand personal vocabulary through regular reading of diverse materials

The learner is guided to:
- Read a variety of texts about climate change and make notes
- Record vocabulary, definitions and sentences in reading logs
- Share new words from reading logs with classmates

How does extensive reading help us expand our vocabulary?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 52
- Varied texts
- Reading logs
- Dictionaries

- Vocabulary logs - Word usage assessment - Peer sharing

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Words with Affixes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Spell words with missing or misplaced vowels and consonants correctly
- Apply spelling rules when adding prefixes and suffixes
- Form new words using affixes for creative and academic writing

The learner is guided to:
- Add suffixes -ed and -ing to words following spelling rules
- Complete sentences using words with correct affixes
- Design charts and posters featuring words with affixes

How do affixes change the meaning of root words?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 70
- Worksheets
- Charts

- Written exercises - Word formation tasks - Spelling tests

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Words with Affixes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Spell words with missing or misplaced vowels and consonants correctly
- Apply spelling rules when adding prefixes and suffixes
- Form new words using affixes for creative and academic writing

The learner is guided to:
- Add suffixes -ed and -ing to words following spelling rules
- Complete sentences using words with correct affixes
- Design charts and posters featuring words with affixes

How do affixes change the meaning of root words?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 70
- Worksheets
- Charts

- Written exercises - Word formation tasks - Spelling tests

Grammar in Use

Word Classes - Regular and Irregular Verbs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form past tense and past participle of regular and irregular verbs
- Use phrasal verbs with one particle in sentences
- Express past events accurately in storytelling and report writing

The learner is guided to:
- Create charts showing verbs with similar or different forms
- Construct sentences using regular and irregular verbs
- Fill crossword puzzles featuring regular and irregular verbs

Why do some verbs change form while others remain the same?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 59
- Charts
- Crossword puzzles

- Written exercises - Crossword completion - Sentence construction

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND SOCIETY: HEALTHCARE

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Intensive Listening - Keywords, Facts and Fixed Phrases
Reference Materials - Dictionary and Thesaurus

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Listen for specific details including keywords, dates, names and key facts
- Identify figurative language such as similes and metaphors in oral texts
- Extract important information from health announcements or instructions

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to audio recordings and focus on keywords, dates, names and important facts
- Identify similes, metaphors and fixed phrases in the listening text
- Take notes and pick out benefits of AI in healthcare

How do we identify specific details in an oral text?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 73
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Moran Skills in English pg. 86
- Dictionaries
- Thesauruses

- Listening comprehension - Note-taking assessment - Oral questions

Writing

Paragraphing Skills - Cohesion and Linking Words

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use addition, contrast, ordering and summarising linking words for writing fluency
- Identify connectors in sample texts
- Write coherent paragraphs in essays, reports and formal letters

The learner is guided to:
- Identify linking words for addition, similarity and contrast from a text
- Use pictorials to sequentially order events in a text
- Join ideas in a paragraph using linking words

Why should we organise ideas logically in writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 99
- Sample texts
- Charts

- Written exercises - Paragraph analysis - Peer review

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Word Classes - Simple Prepositions
Intensive Listening - Inferring Meaning from Context

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use simple prepositions to show agent, place, time, manner, instrument and movement
- Identify prepositions in texts
- Give clear directions and describe locations accurately

The learner is guided to:
- Identify simple prepositions used in texts
- Form sentences using prepositions to show agent, place, time, manner, instrument and movement
- Act out scenes describing actions using prepositions

How do prepositions show relationships between words in sentences?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 92
- Pictures
- Charts
- Moran Skills in English pg. 75
- Audio texts
- Poems

- Written exercises - Sentence construction - Oral descriptions

Reading

Reference Materials - Atlases, Manuals and Encyclopaedias

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Research information from atlases, manuals and encyclopaedias
- Interpret maps and follow instructions in manuals
- Use reference materials to complete research projects and assignments

The learner is guided to:
- Extract information from newspapers and encyclopaedias
- Interpret maps and manuals
- Read texts related to AI and make notes from reference materials

How do different reference materials serve different purposes?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 89
- Atlases
- Manuals
- Encyclopaedias

- Research tasks - Information extraction - Presentation

Writing
Grammar in Use

Paragraphing Skills - Paragraph Structure
Word Classes - Descriptive and Proper Adjectives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the structure of a well-formed paragraph with topic, supporting and clincher sentences
- Write paragraphs following the correct structure
- Organise ideas clearly in academic essays and personal writing

The learner is guided to:
- Write a topic sentence, supporting sentences and clincher sentence
- Rearrange disordered sentences to form a logical paragraph
- Brainstorm ideas for paragraphs on persons, places or events

What are the essential parts of a well-formed paragraph?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 102
- Sample paragraphs
- Sentence cards
- Moran Skills in English pg. 94
- Pictures
- Posters
- Charts

- Paragraph writing - Sentence ordering - Peer assessment

Listening and Speaking

Speaking Fluency - Sounds, Homographs and Non-verbal Cues

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Articulate sounds /ʌ/, /æ/, /aʊ/, /əʊ/, /w/, /j/ for fluency
- Use homographs correctly in oral contexts
- Interpret and use non-verbal cues in presentations and everyday interactions

The learner is guided to:
- Pick out homographs from texts and form sentences using them
- Practise minimal pairs with target sounds
- Role-play conversations using non-verbal cues such as facial expressions and gestures

How do non-verbal cues enhance communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 78
- Video clips
- Recording devices

- Pronunciation assessment - Role play - Peer feedback

Reading

Reference Materials - Comprehensive Research

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use multiple reference materials to gather comprehensive information
- Cross-reference information from different sources
- Conduct independent research for school projects using various resources

The learner is guided to:
- Use dictionary, thesaurus, atlas and encyclopaedia for research tasks
- Create crossword puzzles using antonyms and synonyms
- Present research findings to class

How do we combine information from different reference materials?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 90
- Various reference materials
- Digital devices

- Research projects - Crossword creation - Oral presentation

Writing

Paragraphing Skills - The Writing Process

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Follow the writing process to write and refine paragraphs
- Organise ideas and convey them in a structured way
- Produce polished written work by revising and editing drafts

The learner is guided to:
- Refine sentences using steps of the writing process: brainstorming, drafting, revising, editing, publishing
- Team up to write coherent paragraphs
- Share paragraphs with peers for feedback

How can the writing process help us improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 104
- Writing materials
- Peer review forms

- Process writing assessment - Draft comparison - Final product evaluation

Writing

Paragraphing Skills - The Writing Process

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Follow the writing process to write and refine paragraphs
- Organise ideas and convey them in a structured way
- Produce polished written work by revising and editing drafts

The learner is guided to:
- Refine sentences using steps of the writing process: brainstorming, drafting, revising, editing, publishing
- Team up to write coherent paragraphs
- Share paragraphs with peers for feedback

How can the writing process help us improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 104
- Writing materials
- Peer review forms

- Process writing assessment - Draft comparison - Final product evaluation

Grammar in Use

Word Classes - Order of Adjectives and Comparative Forms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Order adjectives correctly following OSSACOMP pattern
- Form comparatives of adjectives with two or three syllables
- Make accurate comparisons when describing products, services or experiences

The learner is guided to:
- Practise ordering adjectives correctly in sentences
- Form comparatives using more/less for multi-syllable adjectives
- Write paragraphs on AI using correctly ordered adjectives and prepositions

Why is the order of adjectives important in descriptions?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 96
- Charts
- Worksheets

- Sentence ordering - Comparative exercises - Written assessment

TRAVEL: ADVENTURE

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Selective Listening - Filtering Information
Study Skills - Library Skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Filter required information from an oral text about travel
- Identify keywords and phrases that signal important instructions
- Connect selective listening skills to real-life situations like following travel announcements at airports or bus stations

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to an audio recording about scaling Kilimambogo
- Identify keywords that indicate important instructions (e.g., "It is important that you...", "Do not forget...")
- Note down specific details about preparations for the hike
- Categorise information into important and not important

Why is it important to pick out specific details during an oral presentation?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 110
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 123
- Library catalogues
- Sample books with call numbers
- Library resources

- Oral questions - Listening comprehension tests - Note-taking assessment - Peer evaluation

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Punctuation (Hyphen and Quotation Marks)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the hyphen and quotation marks in texts
- Use the hyphen with prefixes and compound words
- Apply punctuation skills when writing travel journals or trip reports

The learner is guided to:
- Study sentences with hyphens and quotation marks
- Identify rules for using hyphens with prefixes (ex-ranger, anti-poaching)
- Practice using single and double quotation marks in sentences
- Write sentences about travel using correct punctuation

Why is it important to punctuate a sentence correctly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 139
- Sample texts with punctuation
- Charts showing punctuation rules
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Punctuation correction tasks - Peer assessment - Observation

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Determiners - Articles, Demonstratives and Possessives
Selective Listening - Instructions and Directions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify articles, demonstratives and possessives in sentences
- Use determiners correctly in sentences about travel
- Recognise how proper determiner use helps give clear directions when navigating new places

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify articles (a, an, the), demonstratives (this, that, these, those) and possessives (her, his, my, your, their)
- Discuss the function of determiners in sentences
- Form sentences using determiners to describe travel adventures
- Create a chart showing different types of determiners

How do we use naming words in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 130
- Charts
- Sentence cards
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 112
- Audio recordings
- Maps

- Written questions - Gap-filling exercises - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Reading

Study Skills - Library Etiquette and Research

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate appropriate library etiquette
- Conduct research using library resources
- Practise library etiquette skills that create positive learning environments in schools and public libraries

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss library rules and etiquette
- Set up a mock library and practise appropriate behaviour
- Research a travel-related topic using library resources
- Present research findings to peers

How can library skills help us learn about new topics?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 127
- Library resources
- Posters on library etiquette
- Digital devices
- Research materials

- Research presentation - Observation schedule - Written reports - Peer assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use

Mechanics of Writing - The Dash and Single Slash
Noun and Verb Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use the dash to indicate range, extra information and emphasis
- Use the single slash to replace 'per', indicate fractions and separate alternatives
- Apply these punctuation marks when writing travel itineraries or distance measurements

The learner is guided to:
- Study sentences with dashes and slashes
- Identify rules for using the dash and single slash
- Insert dashes and slashes in sentences correctly
- Write a travel story using the target punctuation marks

How does punctuation affect the quality of our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 140
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 133
- Sentence strips

- Written exercises - Punctuation identification - Creative writing assessment - Peer review

Listening and Speaking

Conversational Skills - Speaking Fluency (Sounds /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Articulate the different realisations of the letter 's' (/s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/)
- Use homophones appropriately in oral contexts
- Pronounce words clearly when giving travel directions or communicating with tourists

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to words with different sounds of letter 's'
- Practise pronouncing minimal pairs
- Identify and use homophones in sentences
- Create tongue twisters using the target sounds

How can we overcome pronunciation challenges?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 114
- Audio recordings
- Word cards
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Pronunciation assessment - Oral presentation - Peer evaluation - Recording and playback

Reading

Study Skills - Visual Information Interpretation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Interpret visuals such as maps, diagrams and photographs in texts
- Relate visual information to written content
- Use visual interpretation skills when reading travel brochures, maps or tourist guides

The learner is guided to:
- Study visuals in travel-related texts
- Identify the purpose of each visual
- Relate visuals to the text they support
- Create visual representations summarising key ideas from texts

Why are visuals important in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 128
- Maps
- Photographs
- Travel brochures
- Digital devices

- Visual interpretation tasks - Written questions - Creative projects - Peer assessment

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Capitalisation Rules

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply the rules of capitalisation in sentences
- Write texts using correct capitalisation
- Use capitalisation correctly when writing about places, landmarks and geographical features visited during travels

The learner is guided to:
- Search online and offline for rules on capitalisation
- Identify capitalisation patterns in sentences
- Generate sentences requiring capital letters
- Write creative stories about travel applying capitalisation rules

How does correct capitalisation improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 142
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Error correction tasks - Creative writing assessment - Peer review

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Capitalisation Rules

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply the rules of capitalisation in sentences
- Write texts using correct capitalisation
- Use capitalisation correctly when writing about places, landmarks and geographical features visited during travels

The learner is guided to:
- Search online and offline for rules on capitalisation
- Identify capitalisation patterns in sentences
- Generate sentences requiring capital letters
- Write creative stories about travel applying capitalisation rules

How does correct capitalisation improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 142
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Error correction tasks - Creative writing assessment - Peer review

Grammar in Use

Using Possessives and Articles as Determiners

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use possessives and articles as determiners with water bodies, physical features and unique entities
- Form sentences using determiners correctly
- Apply determiner knowledge when writing about famous travel destinations and geographical features

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and identify possessives and articles used as determiners
- Role-play situations using articles with water bodies and physical features
- Write sentences about travel experiences using possessives and articles
- Share and review sentences with peers

Why is it important to use determiners correctly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 137
- Texts about travel
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written questions - Sentence construction - Role-play assessment - Peer evaluation

CAREERS: PUBLIC SECTOR

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Interactive Listening - Negotiating Meaning and Turn Taking
Intensive Reading - Comprehension Strategies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Negotiate meaning during conversations about careers
- Take turns appropriately in discussions
- Apply turn-taking skills during job interviews or workplace meetings

The learner is guided to:
- Watch interviews and identify instances of turn-taking
- Role-play conversations about careers using turn-taking skills
- Practise negotiating meaning through clarifying questions
- Engage in mock interviews demonstrating interactive listening

Why is it important to understand a speaker's intended message?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 146
- Video recordings of interviews
- Audio clips
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 158
- Career-related texts
- KWL charts

- Role-play assessment - Oral questions - Observation schedule - Peer evaluation

Writing

Functional Writing - Personal Journals and Diaries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format of personal journals and diaries
- Write personal journal entries about career aspirations
- Keep journals to track personal growth and career development goals

The learner is guided to:
- Study samples of personal journals and diaries
- Discuss the format and features of journals and diaries
- Write personal journal entries reflecting on career goals
- Make diary entries planning career-related activities

How can the steps of the writing process help us improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 180
- Sample journals and diaries
- Writing templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Journal assessment - Diary entries review - Peer feedback - Self-assessment

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Word Classes - Adverbs (Place, Time and Manner)
Interactive Listening - Clarifying Meaning and Showing Empathy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adverbs of place, time and manner in sentences
- Use adverbs to modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs
- Describe workplace activities clearly using appropriate adverbs

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify different types of adverbs
- Categorise adverbs as place, time or manner
- Create sentences about careers using adverbs
- Complete crossword puzzles featuring adverbs

Why is knowledge about adverbs important?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 166
- Sentence cards
- Crossword puzzles
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 149
- Video clips
- Dialogue scripts
- Digital devices

- Written questions - Crossword completion - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

Reading

Intensive Reading - Inferring Meaning from Context

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Infer the meaning of words, idioms and compound words using context clues
- Identify transparent idioms and proverbs in texts
- Understand workplace jargon and professional terminology through context

The learner is guided to:
- Read text "A career outing" and identify unfamiliar words
- Use context clues to infer meanings of words and phrases
- Identify idioms, proverbs and compound words in the text
- Use the expressions in sentences about careers

Why do we need to read keenly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 163
- Career texts
- Dictionaries
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide

- Comprehension questions - Word meaning tasks - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use

Functional Writing - Memos
Word Classes - Gradable Adverbs (Comparatives and Superlatives)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format and features of a memo
- Write memos adhering to the correct format
- Compose workplace memos to communicate effectively with colleagues

The learner is guided to:
- Study samples of memos and discuss their format
- Identify parts of a memo (reference, sender, recipient, date, subject, body)
- Compose memos for different purposes
- Share memos with peers for feedback

Why is it important to know the purpose for which one is writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 182
- Sample memos
- Writing templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 169
- Charts showing adverb forms
- Sentence cards

- Memo writing assessment - Format evaluation - Peer review - Checklists

Listening and Speaking

Conversational Skills - Turn-taking, Interrupting and Disagreeing Politely

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Take turns, interrupt and disagree politely in meetings
- Observe netiquette in online meetings
- Conduct professional meetings while maintaining positive working relationships

The learner is guided to:
- Watch videos of face-to-face and online meetings
- Identify phrases for polite interruption and disagreement
- Role-play mock meetings about careers
- Practise conducting video conference calls observing netiquette

How can we display good manners when we communicate with others?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 151
- Video clips of meetings
- Digital devices
- Meeting platforms
- Teacher's Guide

- Role-play assessment - Meeting participation - Observation schedule - Peer evaluation

Reading

Intensive Reading - Summarising and Making Connections

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarise information from texts about careers
- Make connections between text content and real-life experiences
- Relate career stories to personal aspirations and community role models

The learner is guided to:
- Read career texts and identify main ideas
- Write summaries of the main points
- Relate events and characters to personal experiences
- Role-play sections of the text

How does reading comprehension support lifelong learning?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 165
- Career texts
- Summary templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Summary writing - Comprehension questions - Role-play assessment - Peer evaluation

Writing

Functional Writing - Formal and Informal Registers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between formal and informal registers
- Write texts using appropriate register for the audience
- Adjust communication style when writing to supervisors versus colleagues

The learner is guided to:
- Compare formal and informal texts
- Identify features of formal and informal registers
- Write two versions of a message using different registers
- Create a guide for using formal and informal registers

How does register affect written communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 177
- Sample formal and informal texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Register identification - Comparative writing - Peer assessment

Writing

Functional Writing - Formal and Informal Registers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between formal and informal registers
- Write texts using appropriate register for the audience
- Adjust communication style when writing to supervisors versus colleagues

The learner is guided to:
- Compare formal and informal texts
- Identify features of formal and informal registers
- Write two versions of a message using different registers
- Create a guide for using formal and informal registers

How does register affect written communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 177
- Sample formal and informal texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Register identification - Comparative writing - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use

Phrases - Adverb, Adjective and Prepositional Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adverb, adjective and prepositional phrases in texts
- Form phrases following correct structures
- Use phrases to write detailed job descriptions or workplace reports

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and identify different types of phrases
- Analyse the structure of adverb phrases (adverb, intensifier + adverb)
- Analyse adjective phrases (adjective, intensifier + adjective, compound adjectives)
- Form prepositional phrases (preposition + noun phrase)

How do phrases enhance our communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 171
- Texts about careers
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Phrase identification - Written exercises - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

CULTURE: VALUES AND BELIEFS

Listening and Speaking
Reading

Responsive Listening - Connecting with a Speaker and Avoiding Distractions
Reading Fluency - Speed and Accuracy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline techniques of active listening
- Focus on a speaker to avoid distractions
- Give full attention to elders sharing cultural stories or community leaders during meetings

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss techniques for avoiding distractions
- Listen to oral texts while maintaining focus
- Practise using supportive non-verbal cues (nodding, eye contact)
- Evaluate own listening skills using a checklist

Why is it important to actively respond to what is being said?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 186
- Audio recordings
- Listening checklists
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 200
- Oral narratives
- Descriptive texts
- Timer/stopwatch

- Observation schedule - Listening assessment - Self-evaluation - Peer feedback

Writing

Creative Writing - Features of Descriptive Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline the structure of descriptive essays
- Use vivid language and sensory details in writing
- Describe cultural ceremonies, traditional attire or heritage sites vividly for readers

The learner is guided to:
- Read samples of descriptive essays
- Identify features of descriptive writing (sensory details, vivid language)
- Discuss the use of similes and metaphors in descriptions
- Plan descriptive paragraphs about cultural events

Why are sensory details and vivid descriptions important in composition writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 216
- Sample descriptive essays
- Pictures of cultural events
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Descriptive paragraph assessment - Peer review - Checklists

Grammar in Use
Listening and Speaking

Relative Pronouns - Who, Whom, Which, That, Whose
Responsive Listening - Showing Empathy and Providing Feedback

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify relative pronouns in sentences
- Use relative pronouns to connect nouns to clauses
- Describe community elders, cultural artefacts or traditional practices using relative pronouns

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose)
- Discuss the function of each relative pronoun
- Form sentences using relative pronouns
- Create a chart showing relative pronouns and their usage

How do relative pronouns help us communicate effectively?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 207
- Sentence cards
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 189
- Dialogue scripts
- Audio recordings

- Written questions - Sentence construction - Gap-filling exercises - Peer assessment

Reading

Reading Fluency - Expressive Reading (Pitch, Pace, Volume)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate appropriate pitch, pace and volume when reading
- Read texts expressively bringing out feelings and emotions
- Perform poetry or narratives at cultural events with appropriate expression

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to audiobooks and identify features of expressive reading
- Practise reading with varied pitch, pace and volume
- Participate in choral or echo reading of poems
- Record expressive readings and share on digital platforms

How does expressive reading enhance communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 203
- Poems and narratives
- Audio recordings
- Recording devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Expressive reading assessment - Recording evaluation - Peer feedback - Observation

Writing
Grammar in Use

Creative Writing - Descriptive Essays
Relative Clauses - Defining and Non-defining Clauses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create descriptive paragraphs about people, places, objects or events
- Use similes and metaphors effectively
- Write descriptive pieces about local landmarks, traditional foods or cultural personalities

The learner is guided to:
- Study pictures and write descriptive paragraphs using sensory details
- Use similes and metaphors in descriptions
- Write descriptions of cultural events or community members
- Share descriptive writing for peer review

How can you make a descriptive composition interesting?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 218
- Pictures of cultural events
- Sample essays
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 210
- Sample sentences
- Charts

- Descriptive writing assessment - Peer review - Rubrics - Self-assessment

Listening and Speaking

Speaking Fluency - Sounds /ʊ/ and /u:/, Word Stress, Onomatopoeia and Ideophones

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Pronounce words with sounds /ʊ/ and /u:/ accurately
- Stress disyllabic words correctly
- Use correct pronunciation when narrating cultural stories or performing traditional songs

The learner is guided to:
- Practise minimal pairs with sounds /ʊ/ and /u:/
- Identify and pronounce disyllabic words with correct stress
- Use onomatopoeic words and ideophones in oral contexts
- Role-play cultural activities using expressive language

Why should we articulate sounds correctly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 192
- Word cards
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Pronunciation assessment - Word stress evaluation - Oral presentation - Peer feedback

Reading

Reading Fluency - Reader's Theatre and Choral Reading

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Participate in reader's theatre activities
- Perform choral reading with appropriate expression
- Collaborate with peers to perform cultural texts at school assemblies or community events

The learner is guided to:
- Select poems or narratives for reader's theatre
- Assign portions of text to read in groups
- Practise and perform choral verses
- Record performances and share on digital platforms

How does collaborative reading improve fluency?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 205
- Poems on culture
- Narratives
- Recording devices
- Digital devices

- Performance assessment - Group evaluation - Recording review - Peer feedback

Writing

Creative Writing - Narrative Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline the structure of narrative essays (introduction, rising action, climax, resolution)
- Write narrative essays with characters, plot and sequence of events
- Document personal experiences or family stories for future generations

The learner is guided to:
- Read sample narrative essays and identify structure
- Develop characters and plot for narrative essays
- Create plot diagrams showing sequence of events
- Write narrative essays about cultural experiences

How can we make a narrative composition interesting?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 222
- Sample narratives
- Plot diagram templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Narrative writing assessment - Structure evaluation - Peer review - Rubrics

Writing

Creative Writing - Narrative Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline the structure of narrative essays (introduction, rising action, climax, resolution)
- Write narrative essays with characters, plot and sequence of events
- Document personal experiences or family stories for future generations

The learner is guided to:
- Read sample narrative essays and identify structure
- Develop characters and plot for narrative essays
- Create plot diagrams showing sequence of events
- Write narrative essays about cultural experiences

How can we make a narrative composition interesting?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 222
- Sample narratives
- Plot diagram templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Narrative writing assessment - Structure evaluation - Peer review - Rubrics

Grammar in Use

Adverbial Clauses - Place, Time and Reason

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adverbial clauses of place, time and reason in texts
- Use adverbial clauses to express different meanings
- Explain when, where and why cultural events happen using appropriate clauses

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify adverbial clauses
- Classify adverbial clauses as place, time or reason
- Construct sentences using adverbial clauses
- Write stories about culture using adverbial clauses

How do adverbial clauses enhance our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 213
- Sample sentences
- Substitution tables
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide

- Written questions - Clause identification - Sentence construction - Peer assessment