Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Identifying holding tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify holding tools used in day-to-day life
- Name different types of holding tools
- Show interest in learning about holding tools

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use visual aids or real objects to identify holding tools
- Study pictures showing various holding tools
- Draw and label holding tools in exercise books
- Discuss where each tool is used

What are holding tools and where are they used?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 92
- Variety of holding tools (vices, clamps, pliers, tongs, clips)
- Charts showing holding tools
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Types of vices and clamps
Tools and Production - Types of pliers, clips and tongs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of vices and clamps
- Describe the structure of vices and clamps
- Appreciate the variety of holding tools

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Observe and identify bench vices, hand vices, machine vices
- Study different types of clamps (G-clamp, F-clamp, U-clamp, sash clamp)
- Discuss physical characteristics of each type
- Compare and contrast vice and clamp uses

How do different types of vices and clamps differ in structure?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 92
- Different types of vices
- Various clamps
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 93
- Various pliers
- Different clips
- Types of tongs
- Charts

- Observation - Practical work - Checklist

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Uses of holding tools
Tools and Production - Safe use of holding tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the uses of different holding tools
- Select appropriate holding tools for given tasks
- Appreciate the importance of using correct tools

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss the uses of holding tools
- Choose holding tools for different tasks
- Study pictures showing holding tools in use
- Match tools to specific work scenarios

How are different holding tools used in workplaces?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 94
- Chart showing uses of holding tools
- Available holding tools
- Relevant textbooks
- Digital devices
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 96
- Digital devices with internet
- Safety goggles
- Gloves

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Using holding tools to perform tasks
Tools and Production - Using pliers, clips and tongs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use vices to hold workpieces when cutting
- Use clamps to hold pieces together
- Apply correct techniques in using holding tools

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Hold a piece of wood using a bench vice when cutting
- Hold two pieces of wood using a G-clamp
- Demonstrate safe use of holding tools when performing tasks
- Practice correct grip and positioning

How do we use holding tools to perform various tasks safely?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 98
- Bench vice
- G-clamp
- Pieces of wood
- Handsaw
- Wood glue
- Workbench
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 99
- Needle nose pliers
- Wire
- Paper clips
- Drawing board
- Crucible tongs
- Bunsen burner

- Practical work - Observation - Rubrics

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Care and importance of holding tools
Tools and Production - Identifying driving tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Clean and store holding tools properly
- Explain the importance of holding tools
- Appreciate the need for proper tool maintenance

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use a soft brush to wipe off dirt from tools
- Oil the moving parts of tools
- Clean and safely store holding tools
- Discuss the importance of holding tools in day-to-day life

Why is it important to care for holding tools properly?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 100
- Holding tools
- Clean piece of cloth
- Soft brush
- Oil can
- Tool box or rack
- Dust cover
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 106
- Variety of driving tools (hammer, mallet, screwdriver, punch, spanner)
- Charts showing driving tools
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical work - Written tests

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Types of hammers and mallets

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of hammers and mallets
- Describe the structure of hammers and mallets
- Appreciate the variety of driving tools

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Study ball pein hammer, cross pein hammer, straight peen hammer, claw hammer
- Observe wooden head mallet, plastic head mallet, rubber head mallet
- Compare parts, shapes and sizes of driving tools
- Discuss specific uses of each type

How do different types of hammers and mallets differ?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 107
- Different types of hammers
- Various mallets
- Charts
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Types of spanners, screwdrivers and punches

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of spanners, screwdrivers and punches
- Distinguish between different driving tools
- Value the specific design of each tool

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Study ring spanner, socket spanner, open spanner, adjustable spanner
- Identify straight slotted and Phillips screwdrivers
- Observe leather hole punch and drive pin punches
- Create identification guide for each type

What are the different types of spanners, screwdrivers and punches?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 108
- Various spanners
- Different screwdrivers
- Types of punches
- Charts

- Observation - Practical work - Checklist

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Uses of driving tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the uses of different driving tools
- Select appropriate driving tools for given tasks
- Appreciate the importance of using correct tools

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss uses of driving tools for different tasks
- Select driving tools to perform given tasks
- Study pictures showing driving tools being used
- Create task-to-tool matching exercise

How are different driving tools used in various tasks?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 109
- Chart showing uses of driving tools
- Real driving tools
- Relevant textbooks
- Exercise book and pen

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Safe use of driving tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain safety precautions when using driving tools
- Demonstrate safe use of driving tools
- Develop safe working habits

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use digital devices to search for information on safe use
- Watch videos on how to safely use each tool
- Role-play safe use of hammers, mallets, screwdrivers, spanners and punches
- Discuss hazards and prevention

What safety measures should be observed when using driving tools?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 111
- Digital devices with internet
- Relevant textbooks
- Safety goggles
- Gloves
- First aid box

- Observation - Practical work - Checklist

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Using hammers and mallets

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a hammer to join pieces of wood
- Use a mallet to drive dowels into wood
- Apply correct techniques in using driving tools

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Join two pieces of wood using a hammer and nails
- Join two pieces of wood using a wooden mallet and dowel
- Demonstrate safe use of driving tools when performing tasks
- Practice correct striking technique

How do we use hammers and mallets to perform tasks safely?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 112
- Claw hammer
- Wooden mallet
- Pieces of wood
- Nails
- Dowels
- Workbench
- Clamp

- Practical work - Observation - Rubrics

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Using screwdrivers, spanners and punches
Tools and Production - Care and importance of driving tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a screwdriver to fasten screws
- Use a spanner to tighten bolts and nuts
- Use a punch to make holes in leather

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Fasten pieces of wood using a screwdriver and screws
- Tighten a bolt and nut using a spanner and pliers
- Make holes in a leather belt using a revolving leather hole punch
- Practice technique and precision

How are screwdrivers, spanners and punches used in practical tasks?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 113
- Screwdriver
- Wood screws
- Spanner
- Pliers
- Bolt and nut
- Leather hole punch
- Leather belt
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 115
- Driving tools
- Clean piece of cloth
- Soft brush
- Tool box
- Storage shelf
- Digital devices

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Identifying problems in the locality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore the locality to identify problems
- List problems affecting the community
- Show awareness of community needs

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Visit the school locality to identify problems
- Conduct observations and interviews
- Consult people in the community about challenges they face
- Record information gathered

What problems in our locality can be solved using Pre-Technical Studies skills?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 121
- Notebook
- Pen
- Digital devices for recording
- Observation sheets

- Observation - Checklist - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Brainstorming on solutions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss problems identified in the locality
- Identify problems that can be solved using Pre-Technical Studies skills
- Select one problem to address

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Brainstorm on problems identified
- Discuss which problems can be solved using skills acquired
- Narrow down to one problem (e.g., poor waste disposal)
- Document brainstorm results

How can we use our Pre-Technical Studies skills to solve this problem?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 121
- List of problems from previous lesson
- Exercise book
- Pen
- Whiteboard/flip chart

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Selecting an item to make

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss possible items to solve the identified problem
- Select an appropriate item to make
- Demonstrate creative thinking

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss the problem in detail
- Brainstorm on items that can be made (e.g., waste bins, compost pit, incinerator)
- Select one item using available materials
- Use digital devices to identify suitable items

What item can we make to solve the identified problem?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 122
- Digital devices with internet
- Relevant textbooks
- Exercise book
- Pen

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Sketching and planning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Sketch the item to be made
- List materials required
- Estimate the cost of materials

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Sketch the item (e.g., innovative waste bin)
- Discuss the sketch with group members
- Identify materials required
- Estimate the cost of materials

How do we plan for making the project item?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 122
- Drawing materials
- Exercise book
- Pen
- Calculator

- Portfolio - Observation - Practical work

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Obtaining materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Find and collect required materials
- Use locally available materials
- Demonstrate resourcefulness

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Collect the materials and tools needed
- Look for required materials (paint, nails, bolts, hinges, screws)
- Use locally available materials and waste materials
- Take photographs of materials collected

Where can we get the materials needed for our project?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 123
- Locally available materials
- Waste materials
- Digital devices for photos
- Transport materials

- Checklist - Observation - Practical work

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Implementation phase 1

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Develop a project implementation plan
- Discuss safety precautions
- Begin making the item

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Come up with a plan for the project with timelines
- Discuss safety precautions to observe
- Share roles among group members
- Begin making the item

How do we safely implement our project plan?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 123
- Materials and tools
- Personal protective equipment
- Workbench
- Project plan

- Observation - Practical work - Rubrics

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Implementation phase 2

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Continue making the project item
- Apply skills learned in previous lessons
- Work collaboratively in groups

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Continue with making the item following the plan
- Wear appropriate safety gear
- Use appropriate tools correctly
- Monitor progress against timeline

How is our project progressing?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 123
- Materials and tools
- Personal protective equipment
- Workbench
- Progress checklist

- Practical work - Observation - Progress checklist

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Implementation phase 3

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Complete making the project item
- Apply finishing touches
- Ensure quality of workmanship

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Complete making the item
- Apply finishing touches (painting, labeling)
- Ensure the item meets quality standards
- Clean work area

Is our project item complete and functional?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 124
- Materials and tools
- Paint and labels
- Cleaning materials
- Personal protective equipment

- Practical work - Observation - Rubrics

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Costing and pricing
Tools and Production - Presentation and feedback

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate total cost of producing the item
- Determine selling price with markup
- Understand basic pricing concepts

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Get the sum total of all expenses incurred
- Calculate break-even price
- Add markup percentage to determine selling price
- Understand profit calculation

How do we determine the price for our project item?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 124
- Cost records
- Calculator
- Exercise book
- Pen
- Finished project item
- Presentation materials
- Feedback forms

- Written tests - Oral questions - Observation

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Community education

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Educate the community on using the item
- Demonstrate how to use the item properly
- Promote community awareness

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Educate the community on how to use the item
- Demonstrate proper use of the waste disposal bin
- Discuss benefits to the community
- Answer questions from community members

How do we help the community use our project item effectively?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 125
- Finished project item
- Demonstration materials
- Information leaflets

- Observation - Practical work - Oral questions

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Marketing and production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Assess demand for the item
- Plan for production of more items
- Understand basic marketing concepts

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Assess demand from the community
- Make more items if there is demand
- Learn about marketing the product
- Sell to the community with teacher guidance

Can we produce more items to meet community demand?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 125
- Production materials
- Marketing materials
- Record keeping book

- Practical work - Written tests - Observation

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Solving other community problems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify other problems in the community
- Discuss solutions using Pre-Technical Studies skills
- Show commitment to community service

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Refer to list of problems from beginning of project
- Find out how other problems can be solved
- Discuss ways to apply skills to solve problems
- Plan future projects

What other problems can we solve using our skills?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 125
- List of community problems
- Exercise book
- Pen
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Recording problem-solving experiences

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Document problems solved
- Record skills applied
- Share experiences with others

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Record problems solved in a table
- Document Pre-Technical skills applied
- Share experiences with classmates
- Reflect on learning

How can we document our problem-solving journey?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 125
- Exercise book
- Pen
- Project portfolio
- Digital devices

- Portfolio - Written assignments - Self-assessment

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Portfolio compilation phase 1

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Organize project documentation
- Compile evidence of work done
- Create a project portfolio

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Collect all project sketches and plans
- Organize photographs of project stages
- Compile cost estimates and records
- Arrange documents in chronological order

How do we organize our project documentation?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 122
- All project documents
- Photographs
- File folder
- Labels

- Portfolio - Observation - Checklist

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Portfolio compilation phase 2

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Write project report
- Document challenges and solutions
- Complete project portfolio

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Write a detailed project report
- Document challenges faced and how they were overcome
- Include feedback received
- Finalize project portfolio

What should our project report include?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 125
- Exercise book
- Pen
- Project documentation
- Feedback forms

- Written assignments - Portfolio - Rubrics

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Reflection on learning phase 1

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Reflect on skills acquired during the project
- Identify strengths and areas for improvement
- Appreciate collaborative work

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Review all project work
- Discuss skills learned
- Identify what went well and what could be improved
- Share reflections with group members

What did we learn from this project experience?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 126
- Project portfolio
- Exercise book
- Pen
- Reflection guide

- Self-assessment - Oral questions - Written reflection

Tools and Production

Tools and Production - Reflection on learning phase 2

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Link project work with academic concepts
- Understand practical application of theory
- Plan for continuous skill application

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Link project work with Pre-Technical Studies concepts
- Discuss how concepts learned enabled project completion
- Reflect on how project deepened learning
- Plan to apply skills in future

How did our classroom learning help us complete this project?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 126
- Project portfolio
- Exercise book
- Pen
- Reflection guide

- Written reflection - Oral questions - Self-assessment

Tools and Production
Entrepreneurship

Tools and Production - Final presentation preparation
Entrepreneurship - Financial institutions available in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Prepare comprehensive project presentation
- Organize presentation materials
- Practice presentation skills

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Prepare presentation slides or charts
- Organize all project materials for display
- Rehearse presentation with group members
- Prepare to answer questions

How do we prepare an effective project presentation?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 124
- Presentation materials
- Project item
- Portfolio
- Digital devices
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 128
- Digital devices with internet
- Business Studies textbooks
- Newspapers and business magazines
- Exercise books and pens

- Observation - Oral questions - Practice assessment

Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship - Services offered by financial institutions in Kenya
Entrepreneurship - Case study on financial services
Entrepreneurship - Utilizing financial services for entrepreneurial development

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze services offered by financial institutions in Kenya
- Explain services offered by banks, insurance companies, SACCOs and microfinance institutions
- Appreciate the importance of financial services

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use digital devices or print media to search for services offered by financial institutions
- Discuss services: deposit products, lending, payments, insurance, savings, credit facilities
- Make notes and present findings
- Visit a financial institution near school with teacher guidance

What services are offered by different financial institutions in Kenya?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 130
- Digital devices with internet
- Business Studies textbooks
- Banking and insurance brochures
- Charts and reference materials
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 132
- Case study materials
- Exercise books and pens
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 133
- Access to local financial institutions
- Business planning templates
- Report writing guidelines
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation - Written reports

Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship - Reasons for government involvement in business in Kenya
Entrepreneurship - Ways in which government is involved in business activities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the reasons for government involvement in business in Kenya
- Describe how government promotes economic development and infrastructure
- Appreciate the government's role in business

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss government involvement in infrastructure, defense, subsidies and regulation
- Study role of Competition Authority of Kenya (CAK)
- Examine government involvement in mining, energy and vital documents processing
- Make short notes and present to class

Why is it important for the government to get involved in business?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 136
- Business Studies textbooks
- Symbol for Competition Authority of Kenya
- Charts and digital resources
- Pictures of infrastructure projects
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 138
- Digital devices with internet
- E.P.Z symbol
- Charts and print media

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation - Discussion participation

Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship - Types of taxes in Kenya
Entrepreneurship - E-Government services in business

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning and importance of paying taxes
- Identify types of taxes in Kenya
- Appreciate the contribution of taxes to national development

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Find meaning of 'tax' from dictionary and discuss importance
- Study types of taxes: income tax, VAT, corporate tax, fuel levy, excise duty
- Identify projects in locality that succeeded because of taxes
- Discuss and present on types of taxes

Why does the government levy different types of taxes?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 140
- English dictionary
- Business Studies textbooks
- Charts showing types of taxes
- Digital resources
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 142
- Digital devices with internet
- Access to e-Citizen platform
- Case study materials
- Huduma Centre information

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation - Presentations

Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship - Importance of complying with government regulations in business

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of complying with government regulations in business
- Describe consequences of non-compliance
- Acknowledge the need to comply with government regulations in business

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Discuss consequences of selling sub-standard or expired goods
- Study that compliance prevents penalties and builds trust
- Examine how compliance provides fair competition and opens opportunities
- Discuss how compliance protects consumers and employees

Why is it important to comply with government regulations in business?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 145
- Business Studies textbooks
- Case studies on compliance
- Charts and digital resources

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Case study analysis - Written tests

Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship - Review and assessment (Government and Business)
Entrepreneurship - Meaning and importance of a business plan in entrepreneurship

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Review key concepts on government and business
- Apply knowledge of government involvement and taxes
- Demonstrate understanding of e-Government services and compliance

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Review reasons for government involvement and ways government is involved
- Discuss types of taxes and their importance
- Review e-Government services and compliance importance
- Complete assessment exercises

How does government involvement benefit businesses and the economy?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 146
- Business Studies textbooks
- Assessment materials
- Charts and summaries
Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 148
- English dictionary
- Digital devices with internet
- Sample business plans

- Written tests - Oral questions - Observation - Self-reflection

Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship - Components of a business plan in financial management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the components of a business plan in financial management
- Explain the purpose of each component
- Show understanding of the order of preparing components

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Use digital devices or print media to search for components of business plan
- Describe each component: business description, product/service, market analysis, marketing plan
- Study management team, cost plan, financial projection and executive summary
- Write short notes and present to class

What are the components of a business plan?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 150
- Digital devices with internet
- Business Studies textbooks
- Sample business plans
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship - Analyzing a business plan example

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze a complete business plan example
- Identify all components in the example
- Show understanding of how components relate to each other

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Study example business plan provided in textbook
- Analyze all components: executive summary, business description, product, market analysis
- Examine marketing plan, management plan, cost plan and financial projections
- Discuss how components connect

How are all components of a business plan connected?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 153
- Example business plan
- Exercise books and pens
- Charts and analysis guides

- Case study analysis - Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship - Filling in a business plan template for a given business project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Fill in a business plan template for a given business project
- Develop a complete business plan for own business idea
- Demonstrate ability to apply business planning knowledge

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Think of a business idea and copy business plan template
- Complete all components: business description, product, market analysis, marketing plan
- Fill in management plan, cost plan and financial projections
- Review and refine complete business plan

How do we create a business plan for our own business idea?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 153
- Business plan template
- Exercise books and pens
- Calculators
- Sample business plans

- Practical work - Observation - Rubrics - Portfolio

Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship - Presenting and using a business plan
Entrepreneurship - Review and assessment (Business Plan)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Present complete business plan to class
- Accept and use feedback to improve business plan
- Embrace the use of a business plan in entrepreneurship

In groups, learners are guided to:

- Present complete business plan in class
- Receive comments and use feedback to improve business plan
- Discuss why business without plan is unlikely to succeed
- Advise family members about importance of business plan

Why is a business plan essential for entrepreneurial success?

Distinction Pre-Technical Studies Grade 9 pg. 154
- Completed business plans
- Presentation materials
- Feedback forms
- Assessment rubrics
- Business Studies textbooks
- Assessment materials
- QR code for digital exercise
- Charts and summaries

- Presentations - Peer assessment - Self assessment - Observation