Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Forming expressions involving addition and subtraction
Algebraic Expressions - Forming expressions involving multiplication and division
Algebraic Expressions - Simplifying expressions involving addition and subtraction
Algebraic Expressions - Simplifying expressions involving multiplication and division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define an algebraic expression
- Form algebraic expressions involving addition and subtraction from real life situations
- Show interest in forming algebraic expressions

- Define like terms in algebraic expressions
- Simplify algebraic expressions by grouping like terms
- Show confidence in simplifying expressions

- Discuss objects like oranges owned by different learners using letters x and y
- Write expressions for total number of items
- Form expressions from stories involving cows, eggs and ages

- Read story of Otieno buying pens and pencils at different prices
- Write expression for total amount spent
- Group like terms together and simplify

How do we form algebraic expressions from real life situations?
What are like terms in algebraic expressions?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 72
- Real objects (oranges, pencils)
- Number cards
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 73
- Pencils, sharpeners
- Price tags
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 74
- Shopping items
- Price lists
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 75
- Number cards
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation
- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Application of simplifying expressions
Linear Equations - Forming equations involving addition and subtraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify algebraic expressions in geometric figures
- Simplify expressions to find perimeter and volume
- Appreciate the application of algebraic expressions in geometry

- Find perimeter of triangles with sides as algebraic expressions
- Find volume of figures with dimensions as expressions
- Solve problems involving rectangles with algebraic dimensions

Where do we apply algebraic expressions in real life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 76
- Geometric shapes
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 77
- Beam balance
- Masses (weights)

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra

Linear Equations - Forming equations from word problems
Linear Equations - Forming equations involving multiplication and division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Interpret word problems to form equations
- Form linear equations from real life situations
- Appreciate the use of equations in solving problems

- Form equations from stories about money, oranges, bananas and eggs
- Write equations like y + 3 = 11 for Juma's oranges
- Practice forming equations from various contexts

How do we form equations from word problems?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 78
- Word problem cards
- Number cards
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 79
- Number cards
- Rectangle diagrams

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Algebra

Linear Equations - Solving equations involving addition and subtraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the steps for solving linear equations
- Solve linear equations involving addition and subtraction
- Value accuracy in solving equations

- Make number cards with equations like 4x + 2 = 18
- Collect like terms on each side of the equation
- Solve to find the value of the unknown

How do we solve linear equations?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 80
- Number cards
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Algebra

Linear Equations - Solving equations involving multiplication and division
Linear Equations - Application of linear equations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to solve equations with brackets
- Solve linear equations involving multiplication and division
- Appreciate the application of equations in real life

- Identify real life problems involving linear equations
- Solve problems using linear equations
- Show interest in applying equations to real life

- Read story of Grace giving a third of her pencils to friends
- Open brackets and collect like terms
- Divide both sides by coefficient of unknown

- Solve problems about Mwandawiro's salary and school fees
- Find interior angles of triangles using equations
- Solve problems about Kahuho's bags of maize

How do we solve equations with brackets?
Where do we apply linear equations in daily life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 80
- Word problem cards
- Calculators

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 81
- Triangle diagrams
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation
- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Inequality symbols

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify inequality symbols (<, >, ≤, ≥)
- Use inequality symbols to compare quantities
- Show interest in using inequality symbols

- Use see-saw to compare masses of learners
- Write Mary's mass > John's mass or John's mass < Mary's mass
- Fill spaces with correct inequality symbols

What are inequality symbols?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 81
- See-saw
- Inequality cards

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Applying inequality symbols to statements

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of "at least" and "at most"
- Apply inequality symbols to real life statements
- Appreciate the use of inequalities in daily life

- Read story of Harriet visiting nutritionist about eggs and fruits
- Write: Number of eggs ≤ 2, Number of fruits ≥ 3
- Form inequalities from statements about height and volume

How do we apply inequality symbols to real life situations?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 82
- Inequality cards
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Forming inequalities involving addition and subtraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a linear inequality
- Form simple linear inequalities involving addition and subtraction
- Show confidence in forming inequalities

- Use beam balance with 5 kg on one side and 3 kg + sand on other side
- Let mass of sand be b kg and form inequality
- Form inequalities from stories about buses, oranges and goats

How do we form linear inequalities?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 84
- Beam balance
- Masses

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Forming inequalities involving multiplication and division
Linear Inequalities - Illustrating simple inequalities on a number line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to form inequalities from multiplication and division situations
- Form simple linear inequalities involving multiplication and division
- Value the use of inequalities in problem solving

- Describe how to represent inequalities on a number line
- Illustrate simple inequalities using open and closed points
- Show interest in representing inequalities graphically

- Read story of Eric and Maureen buying pencils at sh 10 each
- Form inequality: 10x + 10(x+3) < 100
- Form inequalities about plates, shirts and bananas

- Study number lines and list numbers greater than, less than, or equal to 5
- Use open point (○) when number is not included
- Use closed point (●) when number is included

How do we form inequalities involving multiplication and division?
How do we represent inequalities on a number line?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 85
- Word problem cards
- Number cards

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 86
- Number lines
- Inequality cards

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions
- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Forming compound inequalities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a compound inequality
- Form compound inequalities from two simple inequalities
- Appreciate the use of compound inequalities

- Look at inequality cards: y ≥ 2 and y < 7 combined as 2 ≤ y < 7
- Read story about Grade 7 Red with learners less than 45 but more than 40
- Form compound inequalities like 5 < y < 12

What is a compound inequality?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 87
- Inequality cards
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Illustrating compound inequalities on a number line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to illustrate compound inequalities
- Illustrate compound inequalities on a number line
- Show confidence in representing compound inequalities

- Make inequality cards with compound inequalities
- Illustrate 3 < x ≤ 7 showing x greater than 3 and less than or equal to 7
- Use open and closed points appropriately

How do we illustrate compound inequalities on a number line?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 88
- Number lines
- Inequality cards

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Algebra
Measurements

Linear Inequalities - Application of compound inequalities
Pythagorean Relationship - Sides of a right-angled triangle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify real life situations involving compound inequalities
- Form and illustrate compound inequalities from word problems
- Value the application of inequalities in daily life

- Solve problems about farmers with goats (less than 8 but more than 6)
- Form compound inequality and illustrate on number line
- Solve problems about Katana buying oranges

Where do we use compound inequalities in real life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 88
- Word problem cards
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 89
- Ladders
- Right-angled triangle models

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Pythagorean Relationship - Establishing the relationship
Pythagorean Relationship - Finding unknown sides
Pythagorean Relationship - Real life applications
Length - Converting units of length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the Pythagorean relationship
- Verify Pythagorean relationship by counting squares
- Appreciate the relationship between sides of a right-angled triangle

- Identify real life situations involving Pythagorean relationship
- Solve real life problems using Pythagorean relationship
- Value the application of Pythagorean relationship in daily life

- Trace and draw right-angled triangle with sides 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm
- Draw squares on each side and divide into 1 cm squares
- Count squares and compare: squares on height + squares on base = squares on hypotenuse

- Solve puzzle finding missing sides marked with letters
- Calculate length of ladder inclined on wall
- Use IT devices to explore applications in construction and surveying

What is the Pythagorean relationship?
Where do we apply Pythagorean relationship in daily life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 91
- Square grids
- Rulers and pencils
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 92
- Calculators
- Triangle diagrams
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 93
- Puzzles
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 94
- Conversion charts
- Metre rulers

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Length - Addition involving length
Length - Subtraction involving length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the process of adding lengths with different units
- Add lengths involving Hm, Dm, m, dm and cm
- Appreciate the use of addition of length in real life

- Study map showing distances between home, school and shopping centre
- Add lengths and regroup where necessary
- Solve problems like Munyao walking from home to market to school

How do we add lengths with different units?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 96
- Maps
- Number cards
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 98
- Number cards
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Length - Multiplication involving length
Length - Division involving length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to multiply lengths by whole numbers
- Multiply lengths involving Hm, Dm, m, dm and cm
- Value accuracy in multiplication of lengths

- Read story of Natasha fetching water from river twice daily
- Multiply each unit and regroup where necessary
- Solve problems about Jared's daily distance to school

How do we multiply lengths by whole numbers?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 99
- Word problems
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 100
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Length - Perimeter and circumference of circles
Area - Square metres, acres and hectares

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define perimeter and circumference
- Calculate perimeter of plane figures and circumference of circles
- Appreciate the use of perimeter and circumference in real life

- Measure distance around chalkboard, door and window
- Measure circumference and diameter of circular objects
- Establish relationship: Circumference ÷ Diameter = π (3.14 or 22/7)

How do we find the circumference of a circle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 101
- Circular objects
- Tape measures
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 106
- Metre rulers

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Area - Area of a rectangle
Area - Area of a parallelogram
Area - Area of a rhombus
Area - Area of a trapezium

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the formula for area of a rectangle
- Calculate area of rectangles
- Appreciate the use of area in real life

- Derive the formula for area of a rhombus
- Calculate area of rhombuses
- Value accuracy in calculating area

- Trace and cut out rectangles
- Find area by multiplying length and width
- Complete tables with length, width and area of rectangles

- Cut out square WXYZ and mark point K on line WX
- Cut triangle WKZ and paste on line XY to form rhombus
- Discover: Area = Base length × Perpendicular height

How do we find the area of a rectangle?
How do we find the area of a rhombus?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 108
- Rectangular cut-outs
- Grid papers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 110
- Paper cut-outs
- Scissors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 112
- Square cut-outs
- Scissors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 114
- Paper cut-outs
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Area - Area of circles
Area - Area of borders

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Derive the formula for area of a circle
- Calculate area of circles using πr²
- Show interest in finding area of circles

- Draw circle with radius 7 cm and divide into 16 sectors
- Cut and rearrange sectors to form rectangle
- Discover: Length = πr, Width = r, Area = πr²

How do we find the area of a circle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 116
- Pair of compasses
- Manila paper
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 119
- Picture frames
- Diagrams

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Area - Area of combined shapes
Volume and Capacity - The cubic metre (m³)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify combined shapes
- Calculate area of combined shapes by dividing into simpler shapes
- Appreciate the application of area in real life

- Cut out combined shapes into rectangles, triangles and circles
- Calculate area of each part and add
- Practise with help of parent or guardian at home

How do we find the area of combined shapes?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 121
- Combined shape diagrams
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 122
- Metre rule
- Long sticks, strings

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - Converting m³ to cm³
Volume and Capacity - Converting cm³ to m³

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the relationship between m³ and cm³
- Convert cubic metres to cubic centimetres
- Appreciate the use of volume conversions

- Use the 1 metre cube made in previous lesson
- Calculate volume in m³ (1×1×1) and in cm³ (100×100×100)
- Establish: 1 m³ = 1,000,000 cm³

How do we convert cubic metres to cubic centimetres?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 123
- 1 metre cube model
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 124
- Number cards

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - Volume of cubes
Volume and Capacity - Volume of cuboids
Volume and Capacity - Volume of cylinders
Volume and Capacity - Relating volume to capacity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the formula for volume of a cube
- Calculate volume of cubes
- Value accuracy in calculating volume

- State the formula for volume of a cylinder
- Calculate volume of cylinders using πr²h
- Show interest in finding volume of cylinders

- Draw cube and colour one face (cross-sectional area)
- Establish: Volume = Side × Side × Side
- Model cubes using clay, plasticine or manila paper

- Arrange pile of similar coins to form cylinder
- Measure diameter and height
- Establish: Volume = πr² × height

How do we find the volume of a cube?
How do we find the volume of a cylinder?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 125
- Clay, plasticine
- Manila paper
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 126
- Clay, cartons
- Rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 128
- Coins, cylindrical objects
- Rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 130
- Containers, basin
- Measuring cylinder

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - Application of volume and capacity
Time, Distance and Speed - Units of measuring time

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate capacity of containers in litres
- Solve problems involving volume and capacity
- Appreciate the application of volume and capacity in daily life

- Collect containers of different shapes
- Find volume and convert to capacity in litres
- Solve problems about tanks, tins and pipes

Where do we use volume and capacity in daily life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 132
- Various containers
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 134
- Clock faces
- Stopwatches

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Converting hours and minutes
Time, Distance and Speed - Converting minutes and seconds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the relationship between hours and minutes
- Convert hours to minutes and minutes to hours
- Appreciate the use of time conversions

- Make clock face using paper cut-out
- Move minute hand clockwise to complete one turn (60 minutes)
- Establish: 1 hour = 60 minutes

How do we convert hours to minutes?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 136
- Paper clock faces
- Stopwatches
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 138
- Stopwatches
- Number cards

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Converting hours and seconds
Time, Distance and Speed - Converting units of distance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the relationship between hours and seconds
- Convert hours to seconds and seconds to hours
- Value accuracy in converting time units

- Fill tables showing hours, minutes and seconds
- Establish: 1 hour = 3,600 seconds
- Solve problems about assignments, journeys and power saws

How do we convert hours to seconds?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 140
- Calculators
- Conversion charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 142
- Maps
- Measuring tapes

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements
Measurements
Geometry

Time, Distance and Speed - Speed in km/h
Time, Distance and Speed - Speed in m/s
Time, Distance and Speed - Converting km/h to m/s and vice versa
Angles - Angles on a straight line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define speed as distance covered per unit time
- Calculate speed in kilometres per hour
- Show interest in calculating speed

- Explain conversion of speed units
- Convert km/h to m/s and m/s to km/h
- Appreciate the importance of speed in daily activities

- Walk and run around athletics field (1 lap = 400 m)
- Record time taken for each activity
- Calculate: Speed = Distance ÷ Time

- Read story of school driver observing traffic rules
- Convert distance from km to m, time from hours to seconds
- Practice converting speed between km/h and m/s

What is speed in kilometres per hour?
How do we convert speed from km/h to m/s?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 144
- Athletics field
- Stopwatches
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 145
- Measuring tape
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 146
- Conversion charts
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 184
- Protractors
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Angles - Angles at a point
Angles - Vertically opposite angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify angles formed at a point
- State that angles at a point add up to 360°
- Appreciate the relationship between angles at a point

- Trace and cut out diagram with angles ACB, ACD and BCD
- Use protractor to measure each angle
- Find sum of angles and establish they add up to 360°

What is the sum of angles at a point?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 186
- Protractors
- Paper cut-outs
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 187
- Scissors

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Angles - Alternate angles on a transversal
Angles - Corresponding angles on a transversal

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a transversal
- Identify alternate angles on a transversal
- Value the properties of alternate angles

- Draw two parallel lines and a transversal crossing them
- Mark angles d and f, cut them out using scissors
- Place angle f on top of angle d and compare (alternate angles are equal)

What are alternate angles?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 188
- Rulers
- Scissors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 190
- Scissors, protractors

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Angles - Co-interior angles on a transversal
Angles - Angles in a parallelogram

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify co-interior angles on a transversal
- State that co-interior angles add up to 180°
- Appreciate the relationship between co-interior angles

- Draw pair of parallel lines and a transversal
- Mark angles n and p, cut them out
- Place two angles on a straight line and observe they add up to 180°

What is the sum of co-interior angles?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 191
- Rulers
- Scissors, protractors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 193
- Straws, string
- Protractors

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Angles - Interior angles of triangles, rectangles, squares
Angles - Interior angles of rhombus, parallelogram, trapezium, pentagon, hexagon
Angles - Exterior angles of polygons

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify interior angles of triangles, rectangles and squares
- Calculate sum of interior angles
- Value the properties of interior angles

- Identify exterior angles of polygons
- State that sum of exterior angles of any polygon is 360°
- Show interest in calculating exterior angles

- Trace and draw triangle, cut angles a, b, c and make straight line (sum = 180°)
- Trace rectangle and square, measure interior angles
- Establish sum of interior angles is 360° for quadrilaterals

- Trace and cut out quadrilateral, measure exterior angles A, B, C, D
- Find sum of exterior angles (360°)
- Draw and find sum of exterior angles of pentagon, hexagon

What is the sum of interior angles of a triangle?
What is the sum of exterior angles of any polygon?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 195
- Protractors
- Polygon cut-outs
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 197
- Polygon cut-outs
- Protractors

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 201
- Polygon cut-outs
- Protractors

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Measuring angles
Geometrical Constructions - Bisecting angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a protractor to measure angles accurately
- Draw angles of given sizes
- Show interest in measuring angles

- Trace and draw figures with angles ABC, BAC, ACB, ACD
- Place protractor with centre at vertex, straight edge along one line
- Read angle measure from correct scale

How do we measure angles using a protractor?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 207
- Protractors
- Rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 208
- Pair of compasses

- Oral questions - Practical activities - Observation

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 90° angle
Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 45° angle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct an angle of 90° using a pair of compasses and ruler
- Verify the constructed angle using a protractor
- Show confidence in constructing 90° angles

- Draw horizontal line, mark point A
- With compasses at A, make arcs on line at points X and Y
- With centres X and Y, draw arcs above line to intersect at T, join T to A

How do we construct an angle of 90°?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 210
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers, protractors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 211
- Rulers

- Practical exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 60° angle
Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 30° angle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct an angle of 60° using a pair of compasses and ruler
- Verify the constructed angle using a protractor
- Show interest in constructing angles

- Draw straight line, mark point A
- With A as centre, make arc intersecting line at Y
- With Y as centre and same radius, draw arc to intersect first at K, join K to A

How do we construct an angle of 60°?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 213
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers, protractors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 214
- Rulers

- Practical exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 120° angle
Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 105° and 75° angles
Geometrical Constructions - Constructing equilateral triangles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct an angle of 120° using a pair of compasses and ruler
- Verify the constructed angle
- Show confidence in constructing obtuse angles

- Construct equilateral triangles using compasses and ruler
- Verify that all sides and angles are equal
- Appreciate properties of equilateral triangles

- Draw straight line, mark point M
- With centre M, make arc at C, with centre C make arc at E
- With centre E and same radius, make arc at F, join E to M (angle EMB = 120°)

- Draw straight line, mark point Y, mark point X 6 cm away
- With Y as centre and radius 6 cm, draw arc above line
- With X as centre and same radius, draw arc to intersect at Z, join Z to Y and X

How do we construct an angle of 120°?
How do we construct an equilateral triangle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 215
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers, protractors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 216
- Rulers

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 218
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers

- Practical exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing isosceles triangles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct isosceles triangles given side measurements
- Verify that two sides and two angles are equal
- Show confidence in constructing triangles

- Draw straight line, mark point M, mark point N 5 cm away
- With M as centre and radius 7 cm, draw arc above line
- With N as centre and radius 5 cm, draw arc to intersect at P, join points

How do we construct an isosceles triangle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 219
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Practical activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing scalene triangles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct scalene triangles given three side measurements
- Verify that all sides and angles are different
- Value accuracy in triangle constructions

- Draw straight line, mark point A, mark point B 6 cm away
- With A as centre and radius 5 cm, draw arc
- With B as centre and radius 8 cm, draw arc to intersect at C, join points

How do we construct a scalene triangle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 220
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers

- Practical exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry
Data Handling and Probability

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing circles
Data Handling - Meaning of data and data collection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct circles given radius or diameter
- Measure and verify the dimensions of constructed circles
- Appreciate the application of geometrical constructions in real life

- Use pair of compasses to draw circles with different diameters
- Measure diameter of circles drawn
- Calculate radius from diameter (radius = diameter ÷ 2)

How do we construct circles with given measurements?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 221
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 222
- Pieces of paper
- Basket

- Written assignments - Practical activities - Oral questions

Data Handling and Probability

Data Handling - Frequency tables
Data Handling - Determining suitable scale
Data Handling - Drawing pictographs
Data Handling - Drawing bar graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a frequency table
- Represent data using tally marks and frequency
- Appreciate the use of frequency tables in organizing data

- Define a pictograph
- Draw pictographs to represent data
- Value the use of pictures in representing data

- Ask class teacher to show class register
- Identify number of learners present each day
- Record findings using tally marks in frequency table

- Study chart showing wild animals at Masai Mara National Park
- Trace and cut out animals, stick under suitable category
- Use symbols to represent quantities (key: 1 symbol = specific value)

How do we represent data in a frequency table?
What is a pictograph?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 223
- Class registers
- Frequency table templates
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 225
- Graph papers
- Rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 226
- Bloating paper
- Scissors, glue
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 228
- Graph papers
- Rulers, coloured pencils

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions
- Written assignments - Practical activities - Oral questions

Data Handling and Probability

Data Handling - Interpreting information from bar graphs
Data Handling - Drawing pie charts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read and interpret information from bar graphs
- Answer questions based on bar graph data
- Show interest in analyzing data from bar graphs

- Study bar graph showing fruits sold by Bahati in five days
- Identify scale used on vertical and horizontal axes
- Answer questions about highest, lowest values and comparisons

How do we interpret information from bar graphs?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 231
- Bar graph samples
- Worksheets
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 233
- Pair of compasses
- Protractors

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Data Handling and Probability

Data Handling - Interpreting pie charts
Data Handling - Drawing line graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read and interpret information from pie charts
- Calculate values from pie chart sectors
- Value the use of pie charts in presenting data

- Study pie chart showing how Standa spent monthly salary of sh 30,000
- Calculate values: (sector angle ÷ 360°) × total value
- Answer questions about entertainment, rent, savings, investment

How do we interpret information from pie charts?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 236
- Pie chart samples
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 238
- Graph papers
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Data Handling and Probability

Data Handling - Interpreting travel graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Draw and interpret travel graphs
- Calculate distance, time and speed from travel graphs
- Show interest in using graphs to represent journeys

- Study table showing Lugai's journey from town A to town B
- Draw travel graph with time on horizontal axis and distance on vertical axis
- Calculate distance at specific times, total time and average speed

How do we use travel graphs to show journeys?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 240
- Graph papers
- Calculators

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions