Fundamentals of Electricity

Introduction to Electricity - Importance of electricity in the society

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term electricity
- Explain the importance of electricity in various sectors of society
- Relate the role of electricity to daily activities like cooking, lighting and communication

- Discuss the meaning of electricity with peers
- Brainstorm the importance of electricity in the society
- Use digital or print media to search for information on the uses of electricity in day-to-day life
- Present findings to classmates

How does electricity impact our daily lives?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 1
- Digital devices
- Charts showing uses of electricity

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Fundamentals of Electricity

Introduction to Electricity - Importance of electricity in industries and hospitals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the role of electricity in industries
- Explain how electricity is used in hospitals
- Connect the importance of electricity to essential services like healthcare and manufacturing

- Discuss the importance of electricity in industries
- Research and present findings on the role of electricity in hospitals
- Use digital devices to search for information on electricity in healthcare

Why is electricity essential in hospitals and industries?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 2
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Group presentations - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

Introduction to Electricity - Career opportunities in electrical technology

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify career opportunities in the field of electricity
- Describe the roles of various electrical professionals
- Relate career paths in electricity to personal interests and aspirations

- Brainstorm with peers on career opportunities in the electrical technology field
- Use digital or print resources to search for information on careers in electricity
- Engage with a resource person explaining career opportunities

What career opportunities exist in the electrical technology field?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 3
- Career brochures
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Portfolio - Observation

Fundamentals of Electricity

Introduction to Electricity - Career wheel project
Introduction to Electricity - Safety rules and regulations
Introduction to Electricity - Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create a career wheel showing opportunities in electrical technology
- Present career information to peers
- Value electrical technology as a viable career path

- Identify appropriate Personal Protective Equipment for electrical work
- Demonstrate proper use of PPE
- Apply safety practices to prevent electrical accidents at home and school

- Make a career wheel on career opportunities in the field of electricity using locally available materials
- Discuss with peers the career opportunities identified
- Display career wheel for peer review

- Role play on demonstration of safety regulations including use of PPE
- Identify various safety measures while performing electrical tasks
- Practice proper cleaning and storage of tools

How can visual tools help in understanding career options in electricity?
What PPE should be used when performing electrical tasks?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 5
- Cardboard, markers, scissors
- Split pins
- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 6
- Safety posters
- First aid kit
- Assorted electrical PPEs

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 7
- Insulated gloves
- Safety glasses
- Rubber-soled shoes

- Project work - Observation - Peer assessment
- Practical demonstration - Observation - Oral questions

Fundamentals of Electricity

Introduction to Electricity - Roles of workers and employers in electrical safety

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the roles of workers in application of electrical safety
- Explain the responsibilities of employers in ensuring electrical safety
- Connect stakeholder responsibilities to safe working environments in electrical workshops

- Discuss with peers the roles of workers and employers in application of electrical safety
- Analyse case scenarios involving electrical safety violations
- Present findings on stakeholder responsibilities

What are the responsibilities of workers and employers in maintaining electrical safety?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 10
- Safety regulation documents
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments

Fundamentals of Electricity

Introduction to Electricity - Role of government agencies in electrical safety

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the role of government agencies in electrical safety
- Describe how safety standards are enforced
- Relate government safety regulations to protection of workers and the public

- Use digital or print media to search for information on the role of government agencies in electrical safety
- Discuss how government enforces electrical safety standards
- Visit a local electrical technology workplace to explore safety practices

How do government agencies ensure electrical safety in workplaces?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 11
- Safety regulation documents
- Digital devices

- Written tests - Oral questions - Portfolio

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Parts and properties of an electric circuit

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term electric circuit
- Identify the main parts of an electric circuit
- Relate electric circuits to everyday devices like torches and doorbells

- Use digital and print media to search for information on the parts and properties of an electric circuit
- Set up a simple electric circuit using cells, bulb, switch and connecting cables
- Observe what happens when the switch is closed

What are the essential components of an electric circuit?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 15
- Cells, bulb, bulb holder
- Switch, connecting cables

- Practical tasks - Observation - Oral questions

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Electrical symbols and circuit diagrams
D.C Electric Circuits - Zeroing of measuring instruments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify standard electrical symbols used in circuit diagrams
- Draw simple circuit diagrams using standard symbols
- Apply circuit symbols to represent real electrical components

- Explain the concept of zeroing in measuring instruments
- Perform zeroing on ammeter and voltmeter
- Recognize the importance of accurate measurements in electrical diagnostics and repairs

- Study standard electrical symbols for circuit components
- Draw electrical circuits using standard symbols
- Interpret circuit diagrams to identify components

- Use digital or print media to search for information on zeroing of measuring instruments
- Identify types of zero error in measuring instruments
- Adjust zero error on ammeter using a screwdriver

Why are standard symbols important in electrical circuit diagrams?
Why is zeroing important before taking measurements?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 17
- Chart showing electrical symbols
- Drawing materials

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 17
- Ammeter, voltmeter
- Screwdriver

- Written tests - Practical tasks - Observation
- Practical tasks - Observation - Oral questions

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Relationship between current and voltage in series circuit
D.C Electric Circuits - Relationship between current and voltage in parallel circuit

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the relationship between current and voltage in a series circuit
- Measure voltage drops across resistors in series
- Connect Kirchhoff's voltage law to Christmas light arrangements and battery connections

- Connect resistors in series and measure voltage across each
- Investigate the relationship between supply voltage and voltage drops
- Verify Kirchhoff's voltage law through experiments

How is voltage distributed across resistors in a series circuit?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 19
- Resistors, connecting wires
- Voltmeter, milliammeter
- Dry cells
- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 21

- Practical tasks - Written tests - Observation

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Ohm's Law

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State Ohm's Law
- Verify Ohm's Law experimentally
- Apply Ohm's Law to calculate values in phone chargers and household appliances

- Set up a resistive circuit with ammeter and voltmeter
- Measure voltage and current for different resistance values
- Calculate resistance using V=IR formula

What is the relationship between voltage, current and resistance?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 22
- Battery, wires, switch
- Resistor, ammeter, voltmeter

- Practical tasks - Written tests - Calculations

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Relationship between current and resistance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Investigate the relationship between current and resistance
- Explain how resistance affects current flow
- Relate resistance concepts to electric heaters and light bulb filaments

- Connect circuits with different resistor values
- Measure current for each resistor value
- Discuss what happens to current when resistance changes

How does resistance affect the flow of current in a circuit?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 23
- Resistors of different values
- Ammeter, voltmeter
- Battery, connecting wires

- Practical tasks - Written tests - Observation

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Series resistance networks
D.C Electric Circuits - Current and voltage in series circuits

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how resistors combine in series
- Calculate total resistance in series circuits
- Apply series resistance concepts to voltage dividers in electronic devices

- Investigate current distribution in series circuits
- Measure voltage drops across components in series
- Relate series circuit principles to decorative lights and battery arrangements

- Connect resistors in series and measure total resistance
- Use ohmmeter to verify total resistance
- Calculate total resistance using the formula RT = R1 + R2 + R3

- Connect a series circuit with multiple resistors and ammeters
- Measure current at different points in the circuit
- Compare current readings and discuss observations

How do you calculate total resistance in a series circuit?
Why is current the same at all points in a series circuit?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 25
- Resistors (470Ω, 100Ω, 220Ω)
- Ohmmeter
- Connecting wires

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 27
- Resistors, connecting wires
- Three ammeters
- Battery, switch

- Practical tasks - Calculations - Written tests
- Practical tasks - Observation - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Parallel resistance networks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how resistors combine in parallel
- Calculate total resistance in parallel circuits
- Apply parallel resistance concepts to home electrical wiring systems

- Connect resistors in parallel and measure total resistance
- Use ohmmeter to measure resistance between connection points
- Calculate total resistance using the parallel formula

How do you calculate total resistance in a parallel circuit?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 29
- Resistors of different values
- Ohmmeter
- Connecting wires

- Practical tasks - Calculations - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Parallel resistance networks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how resistors combine in parallel
- Calculate total resistance in parallel circuits
- Apply parallel resistance concepts to home electrical wiring systems

- Connect resistors in parallel and measure total resistance
- Use ohmmeter to measure resistance between connection points
- Calculate total resistance using the parallel formula

How do you calculate total resistance in a parallel circuit?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 29
- Resistors of different values
- Ohmmeter
- Connecting wires

- Practical tasks - Calculations - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Current and voltage in parallel circuits

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Investigate current distribution in parallel circuits
- Measure voltage across parallel branches
- Connect parallel circuit behavior to multiple appliances running simultaneously at home

- Connect a parallel circuit with multiple resistors and ammeters
- Measure current through each branch
- Compare branch currents and total current

How is current distributed in a parallel circuit?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 31
- Resistors, connecting wires
- Three ammeters, voltmeters
- Battery, switch

- Practical tasks - Observation - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Current and voltage in parallel circuits
D.C Electric Circuits - Power in DC circuits

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Investigate current distribution in parallel circuits
- Measure voltage across parallel branches
- Connect parallel circuit behavior to multiple appliances running simultaneously at home

- Define electrical power
- Calculate power in a DC circuit using P=VI
- Relate power calculations to electricity bills and appliance ratings

- Connect a parallel circuit with multiple resistors and ammeters
- Measure current through each branch
- Compare branch currents and total current

- Investigate the relationship between voltage and current in a DC circuit
- Calculate power consumed by the circuit using P=VI
- Discuss practical applications of power calculations

How is current distributed in a parallel circuit?
How do you calculate power consumed in a DC circuit?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 31
- Resistors, connecting wires
- Three ammeters, voltmeters
- Battery, switch

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 33
- Power supply, ammeter, voltmeter
- Resistor, connecting wires

- Practical tasks - Observation - Written tests
- Practical tasks - Calculations - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Energy in DC circuits

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define electrical energy
- Calculate energy consumed in a DC circuit using E=VIt
- Apply energy calculations to estimate costs of running electrical appliances

- Calculate energy consumed by a circuit over time
- Solve problems involving power and energy calculations
- Discuss the relationship between energy, power and time

How is electrical energy calculated in a circuit?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 34
- Stopwatch
- Power supply, ammeter, voltmeter
- Resistor

- Written tests - Calculations - Oral questions

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Energy in DC circuits

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define electrical energy
- Calculate energy consumed in a DC circuit using E=VIt
- Apply energy calculations to estimate costs of running electrical appliances

- Calculate energy consumed by a circuit over time
- Solve problems involving power and energy calculations
- Discuss the relationship between energy, power and time

How is electrical energy calculated in a circuit?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 34
- Stopwatch
- Power supply, ammeter, voltmeter
- Resistor

- Written tests - Calculations - Oral questions

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Types of faults in DC circuits

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of faults in DC circuits
- Describe characteristics of open circuit, short circuit, dry joints and loose terminals
- Recognize fault symptoms in household electrical devices

- Use digital or print media to search for types of faults in DC circuits
- Discuss the characteristics of each type of fault
- Identify fault indicators in circuit diagrams

What are the common types of faults in DC circuits?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 37
- Digital devices
- Faulty circuit samples

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Fundamentals of Electricity

D.C Electric Circuits - Types of faults in DC circuits
D.C Electric Circuits - Troubleshooting faults using test instruments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of faults in DC circuits
- Describe characteristics of open circuit, short circuit, dry joints and loose terminals
- Recognize fault symptoms in household electrical devices

- Use measuring and test instruments to trace faults in DC circuits
- Demonstrate troubleshooting procedures for common faults
- Apply troubleshooting skills to repair faulty torches and simple devices

- Use digital or print media to search for types of faults in DC circuits
- Discuss the characteristics of each type of fault
- Identify fault indicators in circuit diagrams

- Set up a circuit with intentional faults
- Use multimeter to check continuity and resistance
- Trace and identify faults using test instruments

What are the common types of faults in DC circuits?
How do you use test instruments to troubleshoot faults in DC circuits?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 37
- Digital devices
- Faulty circuit samples

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 37
- Multimeter
- Faulty circuit boards
- Connecting wires

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation
- Practical tasks - Observation - Oral questions

Fundamentals of Electricity

Cells and Batteries - Structure and operation of primary cells

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the terms cell and battery
- Describe the principle of operation of primary cells
- Relate primary cells to everyday devices like remote controls and wall clocks

- Use digital and print media to search for information on principle of operation of primary cells
- Make a simple cell using lemon, zinc and copper plates
- Measure voltage produced by the simple cell

How do primary cells produce electricity?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 43
- Lemon, zinc plate, copper plate
- Voltmeter
- Connecting wires

- Practical tasks - Observation - Oral questions

Fundamentals of Electricity

Cells and Batteries - Simple cell defects and remedies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the defects of a simple cell (polarisation and local action)
- Describe methods of reducing cell defects
- Connect cell maintenance to longer battery life in devices

- Construct a simple cell using sulphuric acid, zinc and copper electrodes
- Observe and discuss polarisation and local action
- Research methods of reducing cell defects

What causes a simple cell to become ineffective over time?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 44
- Sulphuric acid, zinc, copper
- Beaker, connecting wires
- Safety goggles, gloves

- Practical tasks - Written tests - Observation

Fundamentals of Electricity

Cells and Batteries - Charging and discharging process

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the charging and discharging process in secondary cells
- Describe the chemical reactions during charging and discharging
- Relate secondary cell operation to rechargeable phone batteries and car batteries

- Set up an experiment to demonstrate charging and discharging of secondary cells
- Observe ammeter readings during charging and discharging
- Discuss the chemical changes occurring at the electrodes

How do secondary cells store and release electrical energy?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 46
- Lead plates, dilute sulphuric acid
- Charging battery, ammeter
- Connecting wires, switch

- Practical tasks - Observation - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

Cells and Batteries - Series connection of batteries
Cells and Batteries - Parallel connection of batteries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how batteries are connected in series
- Measure total voltage of batteries connected in series
- Apply series battery connections to power devices requiring higher voltage

- Explain how batteries are connected in parallel
- Measure total voltage of batteries connected in parallel
- Apply parallel battery connections to increase current capacity in solar systems

- Connect dry cells in series using cell holders
- Measure and record voltage of each cell and total voltage
- Discuss the relationship between individual and total voltage

- Connect dry cells in parallel using cell holders
- Measure and record voltage across the parallel combination
- Discuss the effect of parallel connection on current capacity

What happens to voltage when batteries are connected in series?
What happens to voltage and current when batteries are connected in parallel?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 48
- Three dry cells (1.5V each)
- Cell holders, voltmeter
- Connecting wires

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 49
- Three dry cells
- Cell holders, voltmeter
- Connecting wires

- Practical tasks - Calculations - Observation
- Practical tasks - Observation - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

Cells and Batteries - Methods of charging batteries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe different methods of charging batteries
- Explain constant current and constant voltage charging methods
- Apply appropriate charging methods to different devices like phones and laptops

- Use digital devices to search for information on methods of charging batteries
- Discuss constant current and constant voltage charging
- Build a mini solar-powered charging station

What are the different methods used to charge batteries?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 50
- Solar panel, rechargeable battery
- Diode, wires, voltmeter
- Digital devices

- Practical tasks - Oral questions - Project work

Fundamentals of Electricity

Cells and Batteries - Battery maintenance procedures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe maintenance procedures for cells and batteries
- Perform basic maintenance tasks on batteries
- Apply proper maintenance to extend battery life in motorcycles and vehicles

- Research maintenance procedures for cells and batteries
- Practice cleaning battery terminals using baking soda solution
- Check battery water levels using appropriate instruments

How do you maintain cells and batteries for optimal performance?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 54
- Car battery, baking soda
- Water, cloth, gloves
- Acid hydrometer

- Practical tasks - Observation - Oral questions

Fundamentals of Electricity

Cells and Batteries - Safe handling and disposal of batteries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify hazardous materials in batteries
- Explain safe disposal methods for cells and batteries
- Apply environmental safety practices to protect soil and water from battery pollution

- Use digital devices to search for information on hazardous materials in batteries
- Discuss safe handling and disposal methods
- Research local recycling facilities for battery disposal

Why is safe disposal of batteries important for the environment?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 55
- Sample batteries
- Safety gloves
- Digital devices

- Written tests - Oral questions - Group discussions

Fundamentals of Electricity

Capacitors and Capacitance - Structure and operation of a capacitor
Capacitors and Capacitance - Voltage-time characteristics of capacitors
Capacitors and Capacitance - Current-time characteristics of capacitors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a capacitor
- Describe the structure and principle of operation of a capacitor
- Relate capacitor operation to camera flashes and power supply smoothing

- Describe the current-time characteristics of a charging capacitor
- Plot a graph of current against time for a charging capacitor
- Connect capacitor behavior to gradual dimming of LED lights

- Use digital and print media to search for information on the principle of operation of a capacitor
- Identify the parts of a capacitor
- Discuss how capacitors store electrical charge

- Set up a capacitor-resistor circuit and measure current at intervals
- Record current readings and plot current-time graph
- Compare voltage-time and current-time graphs

How does a capacitor store electrical energy?
How does current change through a capacitor during charging?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 58
- Sample capacitors
- Digital devices
- Charts showing capacitor structure
- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 60
- Capacitor (1000μF), resistor
- Voltmeter, stopwatch
- Battery, switch

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 62
- Capacitor, resistor
- Ammeter, stopwatch
- Battery, switch

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation
- Practical tasks - Graph plotting - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

Capacitors and Capacitance - Properties and selection of capacitors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read and interpret capacitor labels
- Select appropriate capacitors for given applications
- Apply capacitor selection criteria to audio systems and power supplies

- Examine capacitor labels to identify capacitance, voltage rating and tolerance
- Discuss factors to consider when selecting capacitors
- Match capacitors to specific circuit requirements

What factors should be considered when selecting a capacitor?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 63
- Assorted capacitors
- Digital multimeter
- Circuit diagrams

- Practical tasks - Oral questions - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

Capacitors and Capacitance - Series connection of capacitors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how capacitors combine in series
- Calculate total capacitance for capacitors in series
- Apply series capacitor connections to voltage divider circuits

- Connect capacitors in series and measure total capacitance
- Verify the formula for capacitors in series
- Calculate total capacitance using 1/CT = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3

How do you calculate total capacitance for capacitors in series?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 64
- Electrolytic capacitors
- Digital multimeter
- Connecting wires, power supply

- Practical tasks - Calculations - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

Capacitors and Capacitance - Parallel connection of capacitors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how capacitors combine in parallel
- Calculate total capacitance for capacitors in parallel
- Apply parallel capacitor connections to increase energy storage in power banks

- Connect capacitors in parallel and measure total capacitance
- Verify the formula for capacitors in parallel
- Calculate total capacitance using CT = C1 + C2 + C3

How do you calculate total capacitance for capacitors in parallel?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 68
- Electrolytic capacitors
- Digital multimeter
- Connecting wires

- Practical tasks - Calculations - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

Capacitors and Capacitance - Series-parallel capacitor combinations
Capacitors and Capacitance - Applications of capacitors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse circuits with series-parallel capacitor combinations
- Calculate total capacitance in complex circuits
- Apply combined connections to filter circuits in radios and televisions

- Explain the importance of capacitors in electrical appliances
- Describe applications of capacitors in motor control and timer circuits
- Relate capacitor functions to traffic lights, fans and air conditioners

- Draw and analyse series-parallel capacitor circuits
- Calculate total capacitance step by step
- Solve problems involving series-parallel combinations

- Brainstorm with peers on the importance of capacitors in electrical appliances
- Research applications of capacitors in motor starting and timer circuits
- Present findings on capacitor applications

How do you calculate total capacitance in a series-parallel circuit?
How are capacitors used in everyday electrical appliances?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 72
- Assorted capacitors
- Digital multimeter
- Circuit diagrams

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 74
- Sample appliances with capacitors
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Written tests - Calculations - Problem solving
- Oral questions - Presentations - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

Pictorial Drawing - Types of pictorial drawing
Pictorial Drawing - Principles of isometric and oblique drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define pictorial drawing
- Identify different types of pictorial drawing
- Relate pictorial drawings to product designs and assembly instructions

- Use digital or print media to search for information on types of pictorial drawing
- Observe illustrations of isometric, oblique and perspective drawings
- Discuss the differences between types of pictorial drawings

What are the different types of pictorial drawings?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 75
- Textbooks on technical drawing
- Sample pictorial drawings
- Digital devices
- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 76
- Drawing instruments
- Set squares (30-60°, 45°)
- Graph paper

- Oral questions - Observation - Written tests

Fundamentals of Electricity

Pictorial Drawing - Drawing on isometric and oblique grids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Draw objects on isometric grid paper
- Draw objects on oblique grid paper
- Use grid drawings to design simple electrical enclosures

- Use isometric grid paper to draw regular shaped objects
- Use oblique grid paper to draw regular shaped objects
- Compare drawings on both grid types

How do you use grid papers to create pictorial drawings?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 82
- Isometric grid paper
- Oblique grid paper
- Pencils, erasers

- Practical tasks - Portfolio - Peer assessment

Fundamentals of Electricity

Pictorial Drawing - Drawing isometric circles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the four-centre method for drawing isometric circles
- Draw isometric circles using compass
- Apply isometric circle drawing to represent cylindrical electrical components

- Follow step-by-step procedure to draw isometric circles
- Practice drawing isometric boxes and locating arc centres
- Complete isometric circles using compass method

How do you draw circles in isometric projection?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 86
- Compass, ruler
- Set squares
- Drawing paper

- Practical tasks - Portfolio - Observation

Fundamentals of Electricity

Pictorial Drawing - Interpreting 2D and 3D views
Pictorial Drawing - Applications of pictorial drawings in engineering

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Interpret pictorial drawings to extract information
- Identify hidden details and slanting faces in drawings
- Apply interpretation skills to read electrical equipment diagrams

- Explain the importance of pictorial drawings in engineering design
- Describe applications of pictorial drawings in manufacturing
- Relate pictorial drawings to assembly instructions and product manuals

- Analyse pictorial drawings to identify features
- Identify front elevation, side elevation and plan views
- Sketch 2D views from given 3D objects

- Use digital or print media to search for applications of pictorial drawings
- Discuss how pictorial drawings enhance visualisation
- Present findings on the importance of pictorial drawings in engineering

How do you extract information from pictorial drawings?
Why are pictorial drawings important in engineering design?

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 89
- Sample pictorial drawings
- Drawing instruments
- Graph paper

- Master Electricity Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 93
- Engineering drawings
- Assembly manuals
- Digital devices

- Written tests - Practical tasks - Observation
- Oral questions - Presentations - Written tests