Inorganic Chemistry

Introduction to Chemistry - Definition of Chemistry
Introduction to Chemistry - Branches of Chemistry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define Chemistry as a field of science
- Explain the scope of Chemistry
- Show interest in learning Chemistry

- Discuss with peers the meaning of Chemistry as a field of science
- Brainstorm on what Chemistry entails
- Watch videos on the scope of Chemistry

What is Chemistry and why is it considered a science?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Charts showing Chemistry applications
- Charts showing branches of Chemistry

- Oral questions - Observation - Written exercises

Inorganic Chemistry

Introduction to Chemistry - Branches of Chemistry (Organic and Inorganic)
Introduction to Chemistry - Careers in Chemistry
Introduction to Chemistry - Careers in Chemistry (Medicine and Pharmacy)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Differentiate between organic and inorganic chemistry
- Give examples of substances studied in each branch
- Show curiosity in learning about different branches

- Identify career opportunities related to Chemistry
- Explain roles of professionals in Chemistry-related careers
- Aspire to pursue Chemistry-related careers

- Discuss organic and inorganic chemistry with peers
- Identify examples of organic and inorganic substances
- Present findings on differences between the branches

- Search for information using electronic and print media on career opportunities in Chemistry
- Discuss how gender stereotyping influences career choices
- Role-play different Chemistry-related careers

How do organic and inorganic chemistry differ?
What career opportunities are available for Chemistry graduates?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Samples of organic and inorganic substances
- Digital devices
- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Career brochures
- Internet access
- Videos on pharmaceutical industry

- Oral questions - Group presentations - Written exercises
- Oral questions - Group discussions - Written assignments

Inorganic Chemistry

Introduction to Chemistry - Chemistry in Agriculture and Food Industry
Introduction to Chemistry - Chemistry in Manufacturing and Energy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the role of Chemistry in agriculture
- Describe applications of Chemistry in food industry
- Appreciate the importance of Chemistry in food production

- Brainstorm on applications of Chemistry in agriculture
- Discuss how fertilizers and pesticides are related to Chemistry
- Research on food preservation methods

How is Chemistry applied in agriculture and food industry?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Samples of fertilizers
- Digital devices
- Charts showing food processing
- Videos on manufacturing processes
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

Introduction to Chemistry - Definition and Types of Drugs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term drug
- Classify drugs into different categories
- Develop a responsible attitude towards drug use

- Discuss with peers the meaning of drug
- Brainstorm on different types of drugs
- Research on classification of drugs

What are drugs and how are they classified?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Charts showing drug classification
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

Introduction to Chemistry - Effects of Drug and Substance Abuse

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the effects of drug and substance abuse
- Identify signs of drug abuse
- Advocate against drug and substance abuse

- Discuss the effects of drug and substance use in day-to-day life
- Watch videos on effects of drug abuse
- Role-play scenarios showing consequences of drug abuse

What are the effects of drug and substance abuse?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Videos on drug abuse effects
- Resource persons

- Oral questions - Group presentations - Written assignments

Inorganic Chemistry

Introduction to Chemistry - Safe and Healthy Learning Environment
The Atom - Early Atomic Models
The Atom - Thomson and Rutherford Models

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify safety measures in the Chemistry laboratory
- Demonstrate proper handling of laboratory equipment
- Advocate for a safe and healthy learning environment

- Describe the historical development of atomic theory
- Explain Dalton's atomic model
- Appreciate contributions of early scientists to atomic theory

- Discuss safety rules in the Chemistry laboratory
- Practise proper handling of laboratory apparatus
- Create safety posters for the laboratory

- Brainstorm with peers on contributions of scientists in the development of atomic theory
- Research on Dalton's atomic model
- Discuss the postulates of Dalton's theory

How can we maintain a safe and healthy learning environment in Chemistry?
How did scientists develop the concept of the atom?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Laboratory equipment
- Safety charts
- First aid kit
- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Charts showing atomic models
- Internet access
- Animations of atomic models

- Practical assessment - Observation - Oral questions
- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group discussions

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Bohr's Model and Modern Atomic Theory

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe Bohr's atomic model
- Explain the modern atomic theory
- Appreciate the evolution of scientific ideas

- Discuss Bohr's contribution to atomic theory
- Watch animations on electron energy levels
- Compare different atomic models

What improvements did Bohr make to the atomic model?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Animations of Bohr's model
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group presentations

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Protons, Neutrons and Electrons
The Atom - Location and Charges of Sub-atomic Particles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the sub-atomic particles
- Describe the properties of protons, neutrons and electrons
- Show interest in learning about atomic structure

- Discuss with peers sub-atomic particles
- Research on properties of protons, neutrons and electrons
- Draw diagrams showing location of sub-atomic particles

What are the sub-atomic particles and their properties?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Charts showing atomic structure
- Periodic table
- Modelling materials
- Charts showing atomic structure

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Definition of Atomic Number and Mass Number
The Atom - Calculating Mass Number

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define atomic number and mass number
- Distinguish between atomic number and mass number
- Appreciate the significance of atomic and mass numbers

- Discuss the meaning of atomic number and mass number
- Research on significance of atomic and mass numbers
- Use periodic table to identify atomic numbers

What is the difference between atomic number and mass number?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Calculators

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Representation of Atoms Using Symbols
The Atom - Definition and Examples of Isotopes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Represent atoms using chemical symbols
- Write nuclide notation for elements
- Value the use of standard scientific notation

- Define the term isotope
- Identify isotopes of common elements
- Appreciate the existence of isotopes in nature

- Practise writing nuclide notation
- Interpret nuclide symbols of different elements
- Present findings on nuclide notation

- Discuss with peers the meaning of isotopes
- Research on isotopes of common elements
- Draw diagrams showing isotopes of hydrogen and carbon

How are atoms represented using symbols?
What are isotopes and how do they differ?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table
- Digital devices
- Charts showing nuclide notation

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Charts showing isotopes
- Internet access

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation
- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group discussions

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Properties and Applications of Isotopes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe properties of isotopes
- Explain applications of isotopes
- Value the uses of isotopes in various fields

- Discuss properties of isotopes
- Research on applications of radioactive isotopes
- Present findings on uses of isotopes in medicine and agriculture

How are isotopes used in everyday life?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Videos on isotope applications
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Definition of Relative Atomic Mass

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define relative atomic mass
- Explain the concept of atomic mass unit
- Show interest in understanding atomic measurements

- Discuss with peers the meaning of relative atomic mass
- Research on the carbon-12 standard
- Explain why relative atomic mass has no units

What is relative atomic mass and how is it determined?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Calculating Relative Atomic Mass

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate relative atomic mass from isotopic composition
- Interpret relative atomic mass values from the periodic table
- Appreciate the significance of relative atomic mass

- Practise calculating relative atomic mass from isotopic abundances
- Solve problems involving relative atomic mass
- Use periodic table to find relative atomic masses

How is relative atomic mass calculated from isotopic composition?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table
- Calculators
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Problem-solving tasks - Oral questions

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Calculating Relative Atomic Mass
The Atom - Energy Levels and Electron Shells

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate relative atomic mass from isotopic composition
- Interpret relative atomic mass values from the periodic table
- Appreciate the significance of relative atomic mass

- Describe energy levels in an atom
- Explain the concept of electron shells
- Show curiosity in understanding electron arrangement

- Practise calculating relative atomic mass from isotopic abundances
- Solve problems involving relative atomic mass
- Use periodic table to find relative atomic masses

- Discuss the concept of energy levels
- Research on electron shells and their capacities
- Draw diagrams showing energy levels

How is relative atomic mass calculated from isotopic composition?
What are energy levels and how do electrons occupy them?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table
- Calculators
- Digital devices

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Charts showing energy levels
- Internet access

- Written exercises - Problem-solving tasks - Oral questions
- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Rules for Electron Arrangement

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the rules for electron arrangement
- Apply the 2n² formula for electron capacity
- Appreciate the orderly arrangement of electrons

- Discuss rules for filling electrons in energy levels
- Apply the 2n² formula to determine shell capacity
- Practise writing electron arrangements

What rules govern the arrangement of electrons in an atom?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Periodic table
- Charts showing electron arrangement

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Problem-solving tasks

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Writing Electron Configuration (First 20 Elements)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Write electron configuration of the first 20 elements
- Draw electron diagrams of atoms
- Show interest in representing atomic structure

- Practise writing electron configuration of elements 1-10
- Draw electron diagrams using dots and crosses
- Present electron configurations of various elements

How do we write and represent electron configuration?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table
- Digital devices
- Drawing materials

- Written exercises - Practical assessment - Oral questions

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Electron Configuration (Elements 11-20)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Write electron configuration of elements 11-20
- Relate electron configuration to position in periodic table
- Appreciate patterns in electron arrangement

- Practise writing electron configuration of elements 11-20
- Compare electron configurations across periods
- Identify patterns in electron arrangement

How does electron configuration relate to an element's position in the periodic table?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table
- Digital devices
- Charts showing electron configuration

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Group discussions

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Electron Configuration (Elements 11-20)
The Atom - s and p Notation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Write electron configuration of elements 11-20
- Relate electron configuration to position in periodic table
- Appreciate patterns in electron arrangement

- Write electron arrangement using s and p notation
- Explain the significance of s and p orbitals
- Value the use of standard notation in Chemistry

- Practise writing electron configuration of elements 11-20
- Compare electron configurations across periods
- Identify patterns in electron arrangement

- Discuss s and p orbitals
- Practise writing electron configuration in s and p notation
- Convert simple notation to s and p notation

How does electron configuration relate to an element's position in the periodic table?
How do we represent electron configuration using s and p notation?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table
- Digital devices
- Charts showing electron configuration

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Charts showing orbital notation
- Periodic table

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Group discussions
- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Valence Electrons and Core Electrons

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between valence and core electrons
- Identify valence electrons from electron configuration
- Relate valence electrons to chemical properties

- Discuss the concept of valence electrons
- Identify valence electrons in different elements
- Research on the significance of valence electrons

What is the difference between valence and core electrons?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table
- Digital devices
- Charts showing electron arrangement

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group discussions

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Drawing Atomic Diagrams

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Draw atomic diagrams showing electron arrangement
- Use dots and crosses to represent electrons
- Show creativity in representing atomic structure

- Draw atomic diagrams of selected elements
- Use dots and crosses to show electrons in shells
- Display atomic diagrams in class

How do we draw atomic diagrams to show electron arrangement?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Drawing materials
- Digital devices
- Charts showing atomic diagrams

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Inorganic Chemistry

The Atom - Building Physical Models of Atoms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct physical models of atoms
- Use locally available materials to model atomic structure
- Appreciate the three-dimensional nature of atoms

- Use locally available materials to model the structure of atoms
- Construct models showing nucleus and electron shells
- Display and explain models to peers

How can we use models to represent atomic structure?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Locally available materials
- Modelling clay
- Beads and wire

- Practical assessment - Project work - Peer assessment

Inorganic Chemistry

The Periodic Table - Early Attempts at Classification
The Periodic Table - Mendeleev's Periodic Table

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe early attempts to classify elements
- Explain Döbereiner's triads and Newlands' octaves
- Appreciate the evolution of element classification

- Describe Mendeleev's periodic table
- Explain the basis of Mendeleev's classification
- Value Mendeleev's contribution to Chemistry

- Brainstorm on the historical development of the periodic table
- Research on Döbereiner's triads
- Discuss Newlands' law of octaves

- Research on Mendeleev's periodic table
- Discuss how Mendeleev arranged elements
- Compare Mendeleev's table with modern periodic table

How did scientists first attempt to organize elements?
What was Mendeleev's contribution to the development of the periodic table?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Charts showing early classifications
- Internet access

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Digital devices
- Charts showing Mendeleev's table
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group discussions
- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

The Periodic Table - Modern Periodic Table
The Periodic Table - Understanding Groups

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the modern periodic table
- Explain the basis of modern classification
- Appreciate the systematic arrangement of elements

- Discuss the modern periodic table
- Compare classification by atomic mass versus atomic number
- Identify key features of the modern periodic table

How is the modern periodic table organized?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table chart
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Coloured periodic table

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group discussions

Inorganic Chemistry

The Periodic Table - Understanding Periods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define periods in the periodic table
- Identify elements in the same period
- Relate period number to energy levels

- Discuss the meaning of periods in the periodic table
- Identify periods in the periodic table
- Relate period number to number of occupied energy levels

What are periods and how are elements arranged in periods?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table chart
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group discussions

Inorganic Chemistry

The Periodic Table - Arranging First 20 Elements
The Periodic Table - Alkali Metals (Group I)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Arrange the first 20 elements into groups and periods
- Write electron configuration and place elements accordingly
- Show interest in classifying elements

- Arrange the first 20 elements into groups and periods
- Use electron configuration to determine position
- Create a mini periodic table for first 20 elements

How do we use electron configuration to place elements in the periodic table?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table chart
- Digital devices
- Drawing materials
- Videos on alkali metals

- Written exercises - Practical assessment - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

The Periodic Table - Alkaline Earth Metals (Group II)
The Periodic Table - Halogens (Group VII)
The Periodic Table - Noble Gases (Group VIII)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify elements in Group II
- Describe common properties of alkaline earth metals
- Relate properties to electron configuration

- Identify elements in Group VIII
- Explain why noble gases are chemically inert
- Relate stability to electron configuration

- Research on properties of alkaline earth metals
- Compare alkaline earth metals with alkali metals
- Discuss uses of alkaline earth metals

- Research on properties of noble gases
- Discuss why noble gases are unreactive
- Investigate uses of noble gases

What are alkaline earth metals and how do they differ from alkali metals?
Why are noble gases chemically unreactive?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table chart
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Videos on halogens

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table chart
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

The Periodic Table - Noble Gases (Group VIII)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify elements in Group VIII
- Explain why noble gases are chemically inert
- Relate stability to electron configuration

- Research on properties of noble gases
- Discuss why noble gases are unreactive
- Investigate uses of noble gases

Why are noble gases chemically unreactive?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table chart
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Inorganic Chemistry

The Periodic Table - Transition Elements

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the position of transition elements
- Describe general properties of transition elements
- Appreciate the unique properties of transition metals

- Identify transition elements in the periodic table
- Research on properties of transition metals
- Discuss why transition metals form coloured compounds

What are transition elements and where are they located?

- Chemistry Learner's Book
- Periodic table chart
- Digital devices
- Samples of transition metal compounds

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Group discussions