Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Fire Safety - Meaning and importance of fire

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term fire
- Explain the importance of fire in daily life
- Appreciate the role of fire in our lives

- Brainstorm on the meaning of fire
- Discuss the importance of fire in daily life
- Present findings in class

Why is fire important in our daily lives?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 1
- Pictures showing uses of fire
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Class presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Fire Safety - Possible causes of fire outbreaks
Fire Safety - Ways of preventing fire outbreaks
Fire Safety - Firefighting techniques: Cooling and smothering
Fire Safety - Firefighting techniques: Starving and interrupting
Fire Safety - Importance of fire safety

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify possible causes of fire outbreaks in the environment
- Explain how flammable and combustible materials cause fires
- Show concern for fire safety

- Describe the cooling method of extinguishing fire
- Explain the smothering method of extinguishing fire
- Apply appropriate firefighting techniques safely

- Study pictures showing possible causes of fire outbreaks
- Share experiences of fire outbreaks in schools or homes
- Use digital devices to search for meanings of flammable substances, combustible materials, and electrical faults
- Identify other causes of fire outbreak in the environment
- Study pictures showing firefighting techniques
- Discuss how cooling fire works by reducing temperature
- Discuss how smothering fire works by cutting off oxygen supply
- Identify when each method should be used and their limitations

What causes fire outbreaks in our environment?
How can fires be extinguished using cooling and smothering methods?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 2
- Pictures of fire outbreak scenarios
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 5
- Pictures of fire prevention measures
- Fire safety equipment (smoke detectors, fire extinguishers, fire alarms)
- "No Smoking" signs
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 7
- Pictures of firefighting methods
- Water containers
- Sand and blankets
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 8
- Fire extinguisher
- Video clips on firefighting
- Charts showing firefighting methods
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 9
- Nearby workplace or workshop
- Fire safety equipment
- Resource person
- Notebooks

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Data Safety - Meaning and importance of data
Data Safety - Threats to data: Viruses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define data and information in electronic devices
- Explain the importance of data in electronic devices
- Appreciate the value of data in electronic devices

- Brainstorm on the meaning of data and information in electronic devices
- Use digital devices or print media to find out the importance of data
- Outline main points in notebooks
- Share points with classmates

What is data and why is it important in electronic devices?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 10
- Digital devices (computers, tablets, smartphones)
- Internet access
- Reference books
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 11
- Digital devices showing virus warnings
- Pictures of virus alerts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written notes

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Data Safety - Threats to data: Unauthorized access

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain unauthorized access as a threat to data
- Describe how unauthorized access can harm data
- Value the importance of data security

- Discuss unauthorized access and its effects on data
- Search for information on data threats using digital or print resources
- Note down findings and present them in class
- Share findings with other groups

How does unauthorized access threaten our data?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 12
- Digital devices
- Internet resources
- Case studies on data breaches

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Data Safety - Ways of protecting data
Data Safety - Protecting data using passwords

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe ways of protecting data in electronic devices
- Identify techniques of securing data
- Demonstrate responsibility in data protection

- Explain how passwords protect data
- Create strong passwords for data protection
- Practice using passwords to secure data

- Study pictures showing ways of protecting data
- Discuss how data can be protected (use passwords and scan devices using antivirus)
- Discuss techniques of securing data in electronic devices against threats
- Study how Nekesa protected her data using passwords
- Discuss how to create and use passwords
- Share experiences of using passwords to protect data
- Discuss other methods of protecting data apart from passwords

How can we protect data in electronic devices?
Why are passwords important in protecting our data?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 12
- Digital devices
- Charts showing data protection methods
- Pictures of data protection techniques
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 13
- Digital devices
- Password-protected files
- Internet resources on password creation

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
- Observation - Practical work - Oral questions - Self-assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Data Safety - Securing data with passwords on documents
Data Safety - Understanding antivirus software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Secure a document using a password
- Follow steps to encrypt documents with passwords
- Show confidence in securing data

- Create a new document or open an existing document
- Click "File" then "Info"
- Click "Protect document" and select "Encrypt with password"
- Insert password and confirm it
- Close document and test password protection

How do we secure documents with passwords on a computer?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 14
- Computers with word processing software
- Documents to be protected
- Step-by-step guides
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 15
- Digital devices with antivirus software
- Internet access
- Antivirus program interfaces

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Data Safety - Installing and scanning devices using antivirus

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Install antivirus on a device
- Scan electronic devices for viruses
- Interpret scan reports and remove threats

- Install antivirus of choice on devices
- Open security app and select "Full Scan" or "Quick Scan"
- Look at scan report to see if any viruses or threats were found
- Remove any threats or viruses found in the electronic device

How do we scan electronic devices for viruses?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 15
- Digital devices (phones, tablets, computers)
- Antivirus software
- Internet connection

- Practical work - Observation - Assessment of scan reports

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Data Safety - Securing school electronic devices
Data Safety - Importance of data safety in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify electronic devices in school that need protection
- Secure data in school electronic devices using appropriate techniques
- Explain the importance of securing school devices

- Explain the importance of data safety in daily life
- Identify instances where data needs to be secured
- Value the need for data safety

- Identify electronic devices in school (mobile phones, tablets, computers)
- Under teacher guidance, ensure data is secured in these devices
- Discuss why it is important to secure data in these devices using antivirus
- Brainstorm on the importance of data safety in day-to-day lives
- Discuss instances where there is need to secure data
- Write summary notes and present them in class

Why is it important to secure data in school electronic devices?
When do we need to secure our data in daily life?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 15
- School electronic devices
- Antivirus software
- Password protection tools
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 16
- Digital devices
- Case studies on data safety
- Real-life examples

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions
- Observation - Oral presentations - Written summaries

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies
Materials for Production
Materials for Production

Data Safety - Debate on data safety importance
Composite Materials - Identifying composite materials in the locality
Composite Materials - Composition of composite materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Argue for or against the importance of data safety
- Apply critical thinking in discussing data safety issues
- Acknowledge the need for data safety in electronic device interaction

- Participate in Computer Club debate on: "Data safety is important in our interaction with electronic devices today"
- Present arguments supported by evidence
- Listen to opposing views and respond appropriately
- Draw conclusions on data safety importance

Is data safety essential in our digital interactions?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 16
- Debate guidelines
- Case studies
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 63
- Pictures of composite materials
- Realia (concrete, bricks, manufactured boards)
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 64
- Internet access
- Charts showing composite compositions
- Sample composite materials

- Debate participation - Observation - Oral presentations - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Composite Materials - Constituent materials of composites
Composite Materials - Matching composite materials to their uses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- List constituent materials of various composites
- Explain how materials are combined to form composites
- Value the diversity of composite materials

- Research constituent materials of concrete, bricks, papier-mâché
- Study manufactured boards and plastic-coated paper composition
- Use digital resources to search for information
- Present findings in class

What materials are combined to make different composites?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 65
- Digital devices
- Print resources
- Internet link provided
- Reference books
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 67
- Charts showing composite uses
- Pictures of furniture and buildings
- Real composite items

- Oral presentations - Written tests - Observation

Materials for Production

Composite Materials - Uses in work environment
Composite Materials - Searching for information on uses
Composite Materials - Importance in the locality
Ceramic Materials - Identifying common ceramic materials
Ceramic Materials - Collecting ceramic items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify work environments using composite materials
- Explain uses of composites in various sectors
- Demonstrate understanding of composite material applications

- Explain importance of composite materials in locality
- Identify structures made from composites
- Value the impact of composites on community life

- Study pictures of people using composite materials
- Identify work environments shown
- Discuss uses of composite materials in construction, education, health
- Study chart showing uses in various sectors
- Identify structures or items made from composites in locality
- Explain importance to the community
- Discuss how lives have been impacted by composites
- Present findings to classmates

Where are composite materials used in our community?
Why are composite materials important in our community?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 68
- Pictures of work environments
- Charts showing sector applications
- Digital devices
- Video clips
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 69
- Internet access
- Manila papers for charts
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 70
- Community resources
- Pictures of local structures
- Digital devices
- Sample composite items
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 71
- Pictures of ceramic items
- Real ceramic items (pots, plates, tiles)
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 72
- Collection bags
- Notebooks for recording
- Storage boxes
- Safety gloves

- Observation - Written reports - Oral presentations
- Oral presentations - Written tests - Observation

Materials for Production

Ceramic Materials - Physical properties of ceramics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define physical properties
- Identify physical properties of ceramic materials
- Appreciate the unique properties of ceramics

- Brainstorm meaning of physical properties
- Discuss physical properties of ceramic materials
- Use print and digital media to search for properties
- Study pictures showing brittleness, fire resistance, heat resistance

What are the physical properties of ceramic materials?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 73
- Digital devices
- Print resources
- Pictures showing properties
- Sample ceramic items

- Observation - Written tests - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Ceramic Materials - Investigating properties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Investigate brittleness of ceramic materials
- Test fire resistance of ceramics
- Examine heat and water resistance
- Demonstrate safe investigation procedures

- Drop ceramic material from height to test brittleness
- Hold ceramic using tongs and place on flame
- Place pot over low flame to test heat resistance
- Place water inside glass to test water resistance
- Record observations

How can we test the properties of ceramic materials?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 74
- Ceramic items (glass, pots)
- Water
- Source of heat
- Tongs
- Safety equipment

- Practical work - Observation - Written reports - Safety compliance

Materials for Production

Ceramic Materials - Understanding properties
Ceramic Materials - Uses in work environment
Ceramic Materials - Importance in the locality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain brittleness of ceramics
- Describe fire, heat, water and corrosion resistance
- Value the properties of ceramic materials

- Match ceramic materials to their uses
- Identify uses of ceramics in different sectors
- Prepare charts showing types and uses
- Appreciate ceramic material applications

- Study explanations of basic properties
- Discuss brittleness and why ceramics break easily
- Learn about fire resistance in flames
- Understand corrosion resistance
- Discuss water and heat resistance applications
- Match ceramic items with uses in work environment
- Search for information on uses using digital resources
- Prepare chart showing types and uses
- Visit workplaces to identify ceramic materials
- Record findings in tables

Why do ceramic materials have these specific properties?
How are ceramic materials used in different workplaces?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 75
- Charts showing properties
- Sample ceramic items
- Pictures demonstrating properties
- Reference books
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 76
- Digital devices
- Manila papers for charts
- Workplace access
- Resource persons
- Sample ceramic items
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 78
- Pictures of ceramic uses
- Debate guidelines
- Reference materials
- Community resources

- Written tests - Oral questions - Observation
- Chart assessment - Practical work - Oral presentations - Written reports

Tools and Production

Cutting Tools - Identifying cutting tools
Cutting Tools - Collecting and identifying cutting tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various cutting tools used in the work environment
- Name cutting tools found in the locality
- Appreciate the diversity of cutting tools

- Study pictures of different cutting tools
- Identify each of the tools
- Discuss which tools have been seen or used
- Name other cutting tools found in the locality

What cutting tools are commonly used in our locality?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 80
- Pictures of cutting tools
- Real cutting tools (hacksaws, handsaws, chisels, planes, snips)
- Charts showing cutting tools
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 81
- Various cutting tools from locality
- Storage containers
- Notebooks for recording

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Cutting Tools - Uses of hacksaws and handsaws
Cutting Tools - Uses of chisels and planes
Cutting Tools - Uses of snips, scrappers and other cutting tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the use of hacksaws in cutting metal and other materials
- Explain the use of handsaws in cutting wood
- Value the importance of selecting appropriate cutting tools

- Discuss the uses of hacksaws for cutting metal, plastic pipes and wood
- Learn about different types of handsaws (cross-cut saw, rip saw, coping saw)
- Identify workplaces where these tools are used

Why are different saws used for different materials?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 81
- Hacksaws and handsaws
- Metal rods, plastic pipes, wood pieces
- Pictures showing tool applications
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 82
- Wood chisels and cold chisels
- Various types of planes
- Wood and metal samples
- Safety equipment
- Tin snips and aviation snips
- Scrappers
- Various knives
- Wire strippers
- Different types of cutters

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical demonstrations

Tools and Production

Cutting Tools - Selecting appropriate cutting tools
Cutting Tools - Using a handsaw safely
Cutting Tools - Using a hacksaw safely
Cutting Tools - Using a wood chisel

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Select appropriate cutting tools for specific tasks
- Sort tools according to their uses
- Present findings in an organized manner

- Use a hacksaw to cut metal rods and plastic pipes
- Apply proper techniques when using a hacksaw
- Maintain control and safety while cutting

- Discuss the use of each cutting tool collected earlier
- Sort tools for cutting paper and fabric
- Sort tools for cutting wood, metallic rods, pipes and sheets
- Identify tools for stripping wire insulations
- Present findings in a table format
- Wear protective gear (gloves and overalls)
- Secure metal rod firmly in bench vice
- Mark cut line using a scriber
- Hold hacksaw properly and apply correct pressure
- Practice cutting metal rods and plastic pipes

How do we select the right tool for a specific task?
How do we safely cut metal using a hacksaw?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 83
- Previously collected cutting tools
- Classification charts
- Notebooks for recording
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 85
- Handsaws
- Pieces of timber
- Tape measure, try square, pencil
- Clamps
- Working surface
- Protective gear (gloves, goggles)
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 86
- Hacksaws
- Metal rods and plastic pipes
- Scriber
- Bench vice
- Working bench
- Protective gloves and overalls
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 88
- Wood chisels
- Pieces of timber
- Mallet
- Pencil and ruler
- Clamps
- Protective gloves and goggles

- Observation - Written assignments - Peer assessment
- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Cutting Tools - Using snips to cut metal sheets

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use snips to cut metallic sheets
- Apply correct technique when using snips
- Cut safely away from the body

- Wear protective gloves
- Secure metallic sheet on flat working surface
- Measure and mark cut line using scriber and steel rule
- Hold snips correctly
- Open snips and align blades with cut line
- Practice cutting along the marked line

How do we use snips to cut metal sheets safely?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 89
- Tin snips or aviation snips
- Metallic sheets
- Scriber and steel rule
- Tape measure
- Protective gloves
- Working surface

- Practical work - Observation - Written tests

Tools and Production

Cutting Tools - Using wire cutters

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use wire cutters to cut wires of different sizes
- Hold wire cutters properly
- Observe safety when cutting wires

- Identify and mark point on wire for cutting
- Hold wire cutter with dominant hand correctly
- Open handles to open blades
- Place wire between blades ensuring proper alignment
- Apply force to close blades and cut wire
- Practice cutting wires of different sizes

How do we cut wires safely using wire cutters?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 91
- Wire cutters
- Wires of different sizes
- Marking tools
- Protective gloves

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Cutting Tools - Using planes and scrappers
Cutting Tools - Using wire strippers and knives
Cutting Tools - Caring for cutting tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a plane to smoothen and reduce timber thickness
- Use a scrapper to remove embedded dirt
- Apply proper techniques for each tool

- Identify ways of caring for different cutting tools
- Explain maintenance procedures for each tool
- Demonstrate responsibility in tool care

- Use jack plane to smoothen timber surface
- Practice reducing thickness of timber
- Wear protective gear (safety goggles)
- Use scrapper to remove embedded dirt from surfaces
- Hold scrapper at 30° angle
- Practice scraping different surfaces
- Study pictures showing ways of caring for cutting tools
- Discuss how tools are being cared for
- Use digital devices or print resources to search for ways of caring for cutting tools
- Discuss maintenance for hacksaws, handsaws, chisels, snips, cutters, planes, scrappers, strippers and knives

How do planes and scrappers prepare surfaces?
Why is it important to care for cutting tools?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 90
- Jack plane
- Scrappers
- Pieces of timber
- Surfaces with embedded dirt
- Safety goggles
- Protective gloves
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 92
- Wire strippers
- Insulated wires
- Utility/sliding knives
- Cardboard paper
- Ruler and pencil
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 95
- Various cutting tools
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Tool maintenance materials
- Pictures of tool care

- Practical work - Observation - Safety compliance
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Cutting Tools - Importance of cutting tools in the workplace

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of cutting tools in work environment
- Prepare informative posters on cutting tools
- Value the role of cutting tools in various workplaces

- Discuss the importance of cutting tools in the work environment
- Prepare posters providing information on importance of cutting tools
- Place posters at school workshop or Pre-Technical Studies corner
- Share findings with classmates

Why are cutting tools essential in workplaces?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 96
- Manila papers
- Markers and colors
- Pictures of cutting tools
- Reference materials

- Observation - Poster assessment - Oral presentations

Tools and Production

Computer Software - Meaning and examples of computer software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term computer software
- Give examples of computer software
- Appreciate the role of software in computers

- Study pictures of different computer hardware performing tasks
- Identify activities taking place in each picture
- Brainstorm on the meaning of 'computer software'
- Use digital or printed resources to search for meaning and examples of computer software
- Learn about word processors, spreadsheets, presentation and desktop publishing

What is computer software and why is it important?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 97
- Digital devices (computers, tablets)
- Pictures showing software use
- Internet access
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written notes

Tools and Production

Computer Software - Categories of computer software
Computer Software - Functions of word processors
Computer Software - Using Microsoft Word

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify categories of computer software
- Distinguish between system software and application software
- Explain the role of operating systems

- Start Microsoft Word application
- Create a new Word document
- Save and print Word documents

- Learn about system software and application software
- Discuss system software (operating systems like Microsoft Windows)
- Study application software (word processors, spreadsheets, presentations)
- Understand that system software runs in the background
- Learn that application software is user-oriented
- Click Start button and select Microsoft Word
- Create a blank document
- Learn about Word window features (title bar, ribbon, status bar, quick access toolbar)
- Type text about computer software
- Practice saving document using "Save As"
- Learn to print documents

How do system software and application software differ?
How do we create and save documents in Microsoft Word?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 99
- Computers with different software
- Microsoft Windows
- Examples of application software
- Digital devices
- Charts showing software categories
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 100
- Computer laboratory
- Microsoft Word software
- Sample documents
- Internet access
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 101
- Computers with Microsoft Word
- Printers
- Practice documents
- Step-by-step guides

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
- Practical work - Observation - Saved documents assessment

Tools and Production

Computer Software - Functions of presentation software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of presentation software
- Identify Microsoft PowerPoint as presentation software
- Create visual presentations for audiences

- Learn about PowerPoint for creating visual presentations
- Discuss functions: creating presentations from templates, adding text, images, art and videos
- Study adding transitions, animations and cinematic motion
- Observe how presentations are used in different settings

What is presentation software used for?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 100
- Microsoft PowerPoint software
- Digital devices
- Sample presentations
- Projector (if available)

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Computer Software - Using Microsoft PowerPoint

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Start Microsoft PowerPoint application
- Create a blank presentation
- Add text and new slides to presentations

- Click Start button and select PowerPoint
- Create blank presentation
- Learn about PowerPoint features (title bar, ribbon, thumbnail slides, placeholders)
- Click in title and subtitle placeholders to add text
- Practice adding new slides with different layouts
- Save presentation using "Save As"

How do we create presentations in PowerPoint?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 103
- Computers with Microsoft PowerPoint
- Practice presentation topics
- Step-by-step guides
- Digital devices

- Practical work - Observation - Saved presentations assessment

Tools and Production

Computer Software - Saving and printing PowerPoint presentations
Computer Software - Functions of spreadsheet software
Computer Software - Using Microsoft Excel

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Save PowerPoint presentations with appropriate names
- Print presentations or selected slides
- Share presentations via email

- Explain the functions of spreadsheet software
- Identify Microsoft Excel as spreadsheet software
- Understand how spreadsheets organize data

- Practice saving presentations by clicking File then Save As
- Type presentation name and choose save location
- Learn to print all slides or selected slides
- Adjust print settings before printing
- Practice printing presentations or sharing via email
- Learn about spreadsheets arranged in rows and columns
- Discuss Microsoft Excel functions: creating charts and graphs, searching, sorting and calculating data
- Study data analysis and saving capabilities
- Understand spreadsheet applications in workplaces

How do we save and share PowerPoint presentations?
What tasks can spreadsheet software perform?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 107
- Computers with PowerPoint
- Printers
- Email access
- Sample presentations
- USB drives for saving
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 100
- Microsoft Excel software
- Sample spreadsheets with data
- Charts and graphs examples
- Digital devices
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 109
- Computers with Microsoft Excel
- Sample data for entry
- Step-by-step guides
- Practice worksheets

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Tools and Production

Computer Software - Saving and printing Excel worksheets
Computer Software - Importance of application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Save Excel worksheets with appropriate names
- Print Excel worksheets
- Manage Excel files effectively

- Practice saving worksheets by clicking File then Save As
- Select location and type file name
- Learn to print worksheets with print settings
- Practice creating, saving and printing a class project spreadsheet
- Store printed work in portfolio

How do we save and print Excel worksheets?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 111
- Computers with Excel
- Printers
- Sample worksheets
- USB drives
- Portfolios for storing work
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 112
- Manila papers and markers
- Case studies of software use
- Reference materials
- Digital devices

- Practical work - Observation - Saved files assessment