Foundations of Creative Arts and Sports

Components of Creative Arts and Sports - Endurance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define endurance as a component of physical fitness
- Perform exercises that improve endurance
- Show willingness to participate in endurance activities

- Study pictures showing endurance activities
- Watch actual or virtual fitness sessions
- Discuss exercises that improve endurance: running, cycling, swimming, rowing
- Identify different running techniques: steady-state running, interval training

Why is endurance important in physical fitness?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 22
- Digital devices
- Pictures of fitness activities
- Open field

- Oral questions - Observation - Practical demonstration

Foundations of Creative Arts and Sports

Components of Creative Arts and Sports - Agility

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define agility as a component of physical fitness
- Perform activities that enhance agility
- Enjoy participating in agility exercises

- Discuss agility as the ability to change direction quickly
- Perform ladder workouts using agility ladder
- Perform cone workouts in various patterns: zigzag, T-workout, shuttle
- Perform box workouts around cones in specific patterns

How does agility benefit performance in sports?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 24
- Agility ladder
- Cones
- Open field

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer evaluation

Foundations of Creative Arts and Sports

Components of Creative Arts and Sports - Endurance and agility with music

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the role of music in enhancing fitness activities
- Perform endurance and agility activities using music
- Appreciate the role of music in enhancing fitness activities

- Discuss music genres appropriate for fitness activities
- Select appropriate music and create playlist
- Perform rope skipping exercises using music
- Perform cone workouts using music for rhythm
- Practice interval running with background music

How does music enhance physical fitness activities?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 26
- Digital devices with music
- Skipping ropes
- Cones
- Open field

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Middle Distance Races and Montage - Introduction to middle distance races

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define middle distance races in athletics
- Identify types of middle distance races
- Show interest in learning about middle distance races

- Study pictures of middle distance races
- Watch real or recorded video of middle distance races
- Observe starting points and techniques used
- Use textbooks or digital devices to search for information
- Describe middle distance races in athletics

What are middle distance races in athletics?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 68
- Digital devices
- Pictures of athletics

- Oral questions - Observation - Class discussion

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Middle Distance Races and Montage - 800 metres starting skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the starting technique for 800 metres race
- Demonstrate starting skills for 800 metres race
- Appreciate proper starting technique in races

- Observe teacher demonstrate 800 metres starting skills
- Stand behind starting line with body low and leaning forward
- Drive arms and legs powerfully at start
- Build speed quickly in first 50-100 metres

How does proper starting technique affect performance in 800 metres race?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 70
- Running track
- Sports kit
- Whistle

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Middle Distance Races and Montage - 800 metres running skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain running techniques for 800 metres race
- Perform running skills for 800 metres race
- Value proper pacing in middle distance races

- Run first lap at pace slightly faster than average race pace
- Maintain speed in second lap and prepare for strong finish
- Establish rhythmic breathing pattern
- Take quick steps with appropriate step length
- Gradually increase speed in last 200 metres

What running techniques are used in 800 metres race?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 71
- Running track
- Sports kit
- Stopwatch

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Middle Distance Races and Montage - 1500 metres starting skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe starting technique for 1500 metres race
- Demonstrate starting skills for 1500 metres race
- Show enthusiasm in practising starting skills

- Observe teacher demonstrate 1500 metres starting skills
- Position with one foot slightly ahead behind starting line
- Lean slightly forward to anticipate start signal
- Accelerate quickly but in controlled smooth manner in first 100 metres

How does the 1500 metres start differ from 800 metres start?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 72
- Running track
- Sports kit
- Whistle

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Middle Distance Races and Montage - 1500 metres running skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain pacing strategy for 1500 metres race
- Perform running skills for 1500 metres race
- Appreciate strategic positioning in races

- Settle into comfortable but competitive speed in first lap
- Maintain consistent speed in middle laps
- Monitor position relative to other runners
- Prepare for strong finish in last lap
- Establish consistent breathing pattern

What pacing strategy is used in 1500 metres race?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 73
- Running track
- Sports kit
- Stopwatch

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Middle Distance Races and Montage - Finishing techniques

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe finishing techniques for middle distance races
- Perform finishing techniques and training exercises
- Value strong finishing in races

- Gradually increase speed in last 300 metres
- Focus on strong finish in last 200 metres
- Use powerful arm drive and increased leg turnover in final 100 metres
- Perform training exercises: run 4 laps of 400 metres at race speed

How do you finish strongly in middle distance races?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 74
- Running track
- Sports kit
- Stopwatch

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Middle Distance Races and Montage - Mini games

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain rules for middle distance relay races
- Participate in middle distance relay race mini games
- Acknowledge own and others' efforts in races

- Mark out running track using locally available resources
- Participate in middle distance relay race in pairs
- Each team member runs specified distance in 800m or 1500m race
- Observe classmates perform and give feedback

How can middle distance races be played as mini games?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 76
- Running track
- Sports kit
- Relay batons

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Introduction to passes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define Netball as a sport
- Identify different passes in Netball
- Show interest in learning Netball skills

- Study pictures and identify Netball skills
- Observe virtual or actual Netball game
- Identify overhead pass and chest pass
- Describe execution of passes observed

What passes are used in Netball?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 98
- Digital devices
- Netball

- Oral questions - Observation - Class discussion

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Chest pass

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the execution of chest pass in Netball
- Perform chest pass in Netball
- Appreciate accuracy in passing

- Observe teacher demonstrate chest pass
- Hold ball with fingers spread in 'W' formation at chest height
- Push ball from chest with both hands extending arms and snapping wrists
- Follow through pointing fingers towards direction of throw

How do you execute a chest pass in Netball?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 100
- Netball
- Netball court

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Overhead pass

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the execution of overhead pass in Netball
- Perform overhead pass in Netball
- Value teamwork in passing drills

- Observe teacher demonstrate overhead pass
- Hold ball with both hands above head in 'W' formation
- Step forward and push through with ball transferring body weight
- Release ball towards teammate's chest with arms fully outstretched

When is the overhead pass used in Netball?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 101
- Netball
- Netball court

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Landing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe landing techniques in Netball
- Perform landing skills in Netball
- Appreciate proper landing for injury prevention

- Observe teacher demonstrate landing in Netball
- Practise one-foot landing with slight bend in knee
- Practise two-foot landing with feet shoulder-width apart
- Focus on receiving ball in air and preparing to land

Why is proper landing important in Netball?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 109
- Netball
- Netball court

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Pivoting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain pivoting technique in Netball
- Perform pivoting skills in Netball
- Show enthusiasm in practising footwork

- Observe teacher demonstrate pivoting
- Establish pivot foot when receiving ball
- Use ball of pivot foot to turn
- Move non-pivot foot to change direction while keeping low centre of gravity

What footwork options does a player have after landing with a ball?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 110
- Netball
- Netball court
- Cones

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Marking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe marking technique in Netball
- Execute marking skill in Netball
- Value defensive skills in Netball

- Observe teacher demonstrate marking
- Keep within arm's length of opponent
- Position between opponent and the ball
- Focus on opponent's chest or waist to track movements

What is the importance of marking in Netball?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 103
- Netball
- Netball court

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Dodging

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain dodging technique in Netball
- Execute dodging skill in Netball
- Appreciate offensive skills in Netball

- Observe teacher demonstrate dodging
- Prepare by moving in one direction to dodge defender
- Place outside foot and push off in opposite direction
- Practise quick changes of direction to lose defender

What is the importance of dodging in Netball?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 107
- Netball
- Netball court

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Workouts and drills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe various Netball drills
- Perform Netball workouts combining various skills
- Enjoy participating in Netball drills

- Perform chest pass activity standing 5 metres apart
- Perform overhead pass activity in two lines facing each other
- Perform shadow marking activity with attacker and defender
- Perform four corners pivot activity with cones

How do drills improve Netball skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 111
- Netball
- Cones
- Netball court

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Mini games

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain rules for Netball mini games
- Apply Netball skills in mini game situations
- Value teamwork in Netball games

- Carry out warm-up activities before playing
- Group into teams of three and play on half court
- Focus on passes, landing, pivoting, dodging and marking
- Play zone passing game with teams of six

How are Netball skills applied in game situations?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 113
- Netball
- Netball court
- Cones

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Zone passing game

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe zone passing game in Netball
- Play zone passing game applying learnt skills
- Show teamwork spirit in Netball

- Divide court into several zones using cones
- Assign learners to each zone
- Pass ball through each zone with at least one pass per zone
- Add defenders to each zone

How does zone passing improve Netball skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 113
- Netball
- Netball court
- Cones

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Teamwork challenge

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of teamwork in Netball
- Participate in teamwork Netball challenge
- Appreciate teamwork in application of Netball skills

- Form small teams of 4-6 learners wearing different coloured kits
- Set up skill stations focusing on passes, footwork, dodging and marking
- Organise mini matches where teams compete
- Discuss how teamwork helped during the game

Why is teamwork important in Netball?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 114
- Netball
- Netball court
- Sports kits

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Skills reflection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate own performance in Netball skills
- Reflect on application of skills in Netball game
- Value continuous improvement in sports

- Share experiences and feelings about working as a team
- Reflect on application of chest pass, overhead pass, landing, pivoting
- Reflect on dodging and marking skills
- Complete self-assessment table on Netball skills

How can you improve your Netball skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 115
- Reflection journals
- Self-assessment forms

- Self-assessment - Oral questions - Written reflection

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Skills reflection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate own performance in Netball skills
- Reflect on application of skills in Netball game
- Value continuous improvement in sports

- Share experiences and feelings about working as a team
- Reflect on application of chest pass, overhead pass, landing, pivoting
- Reflect on dodging and marking skills
- Complete self-assessment table on Netball skills

How can you improve your Netball skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 115
- Reflection journals
- Self-assessment forms

- Self-assessment - Oral questions - Written reflection

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Netball - Skills reflection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate own performance in Netball skills
- Reflect on application of skills in Netball game
- Value continuous improvement in sports

- Share experiences and feelings about working as a team
- Reflect on application of chest pass, overhead pass, landing, pivoting
- Reflect on dodging and marking skills
- Complete self-assessment table on Netball skills

How can you improve your Netball skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 115
- Reflection journals
- Self-assessment forms

- Self-assessment - Oral questions - Written reflection

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Introduction to serves

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define Volleyball as a sport
- Identify different types of serves in Volleyball
- Show interest in learning Volleyball skills

- Study pictures and discuss what is happening
- Identify underarm serve and overarm serve from pictures
- Describe stance of player in each picture
- Observe virtual or actual Volleyball game
- Identify overarm skills of serving the ball

What types of serves are used in Volleyball?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 165
- Digital devices
- Volleyball
- Volleyball court

- Oral questions - Observation - Class discussion

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Overarm serve (stance and grip)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe stance and grip for overarm serve
- Demonstrate stance and grip for overarm serve
- Appreciate proper technique in serving

- Stand tall with feet shoulder-width apart facing net
- Position dominant foot slightly behind non-dominant foot
- Align shoulders and hips with net
- Place ball on palm of non-dominant hand with fingers spread
- Extend non-dominant arm horizontally in front of body

How do you position yourself for an overarm serve?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 166
- Volleyball
- Volleyball court

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Overarm serve (execution)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain execution of overarm serve
- Perform overarm serve over a net
- Value accuracy in serving

- Toss ball up about 30-45 cm with palm of non-dominant hand
- Swing dominant arm back keeping wrist rigid
- Bring dominant hand forward and strike ball with heel of hand
- Step forward with dominant foot and make follow-through
- Keep serving hand slightly angled upward

How do you execute an overarm serve effectively?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 167
- Volleyball
- Volleyball court
- Net

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Jump service

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the jump service technique
- Perform jump service in Volleyball
- Show enthusiasm in learning advanced serves

- Toss ball higher and further out than regular serve
- Use two-step approach with hop and jump from both feet
- Jump so hand contacts ball at peak of jump
- Contact ball just before it begins to descend
- Allow contacting arm to continue moving for follow-through

How does jump service differ from regular overarm serve?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 168
- Volleyball
- Volleyball court
- Net

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Overarm serve workouts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain various drills for improving overarm serve
- Perform overarm serve workouts
- Enjoy participating in serve drills

- Practise tossing ball up and catching with same hand
- Stand 6 metres from net and serve ball to hit net and rebound
- Stand in backcourt and serve ball to land in backcourt
- Play ball back and forth using overarm serve
- Give feedback on each other's performance

How do drills improve your serving skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 169
- Volleyballs
- Volleyball court
- Net

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Volleying skill (introduction)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define volleying in Volleyball
- Identify when volleying skill is used during play
- Show interest in learning volleying skill

- Study picture of player performing volleying skill
- Describe stance of player shown
- Describe body posture during performance
- Explain how hands are placed during execution
- Watch video of Volleyball match and observe when skill is used

What is volleying and when is it used in Volleyball?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 170
- Digital devices
- Volleyball

- Oral questions - Observation - Class discussion

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Volleying (stance and positioning)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe stance and body positioning for volleying
- Demonstrate correct stance for volleying
- Appreciate proper technique in volleying

- Position feet shoulder-width apart with one foot slightly ahead
- Maintain slight bend in knees to remain agile
- Balance weight evenly on balls of feet
- Keep trunk upright with eyes focused on ball
- Position body entirely below the ball

How do you position yourself for volleying?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 171
- Volleyballs
- Volleyball court

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Volleying (execution)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain execution of volleying skill
- Perform volleying skill in Volleyball
- Value controlled ball handling in volleying

- Position arms above head with elbows out and bent at 90°
- Cup hands under ball with fingers well spread, thumbs pointing to each other
- Hit ball upwards by extending arms and wrists
- Use legs and core to generate power
- Finish with arms fully extended and fingers pointing to target

How do you execute the volleying skill correctly?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 171
- Volleyballs
- Volleyball court

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Volleying workouts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe various drills for improving volleying
- Perform volleying workouts
- Enjoy participating in volleying drills

- Toss ball above head and perform volley repeatedly varying height
- Perform workout from standing, squatting and jumping positions
- Hit ball back and forth in pairs using volleying skills
- Vary distances as you master the skills
- Communicate clearly with partner

How do workouts improve volleying skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 172
- Volleyballs
- Volleyball court

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Volleying in game situation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain application of volleying in game situation
- Apply volleying skills in small-sided game
- Value teamwork in Volleyball

- Form teams of two players on opposing front courts
- Agree rule that ball shall only be volleyed in front court
- Hit ball using volleying skills to spaces of front court
- Respond to volleys made by opposing team
- Communicate with peers while playing

How is volleying applied in actual game situations?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 173
- Volleyballs
- Volleyball court
- Net

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Volleying in game situation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain application of volleying in game situation
- Apply volleying skills in small-sided game
- Value teamwork in Volleyball

- Form teams of two players on opposing front courts
- Agree rule that ball shall only be volleyed in front court
- Hit ball using volleying skills to spaces of front court
- Respond to volleys made by opposing team
- Communicate with peers while playing

How is volleying applied in actual game situations?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 173
- Volleyballs
- Volleyball court
- Net

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Mini game

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain rules for Volleyball mini game
- Apply serving and volleying skills in mini game
- Appreciate teamwork in Volleyball games

- Mark small Volleyball court in open space
- Use improvised net or rope to demarcate court sections
- Form teams of four learners on each side
- Use overarm service and volleying skills to play competitively
- Let each set have 10 points

How do mini games help improve Volleyball skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 173
- Volleyballs
- Improvised net
- Cones

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer evaluation

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Skills reflection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate own performance in Volleyball skills
- Appraise others' efforts in applying serving and volleying skills
- Value continuous improvement in sports

- Participate in inter-school friendly Volleyball match
- Give positive comments on each other's efforts
- Discuss how volley pass makes Volleyball game interesting
- Reflect on application of serving and volleying skills
- Complete self-assessment on Volleyball skills

How can you improve your Volleyball skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 173
- Volleyballs
- Volleyball court
- Self-assessment forms

- Self-assessment - Peer evaluation - Oral questions

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Skills reflection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate own performance in Volleyball skills
- Appraise others' efforts in applying serving and volleying skills
- Value continuous improvement in sports

- Participate in inter-school friendly Volleyball match
- Give positive comments on each other's efforts
- Discuss how volley pass makes Volleyball game interesting
- Reflect on application of serving and volleying skills
- Complete self-assessment on Volleyball skills

How can you improve your Volleyball skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 173
- Volleyballs
- Volleyball court
- Self-assessment forms

- Self-assessment - Peer evaluation - Oral questions

Creating and Performing in Creative Arts and Sports

Volleyball - Skills reflection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate own performance in Volleyball skills
- Appraise others' efforts in applying serving and volleying skills
- Value continuous improvement in sports

- Participate in inter-school friendly Volleyball match
- Give positive comments on each other's efforts
- Discuss how volley pass makes Volleyball game interesting
- Reflect on application of serving and volleying skills
- Complete self-assessment on Volleyball skills

How can you improve your Volleyball skills?

- Moran Creative Arts and Sports Grade 8 Learner's Book pg. 173
- Volleyballs
- Volleyball court
- Self-assessment forms

- Self-assessment - Peer evaluation - Oral questions