Geometry

4.1 Geometrical Constructions - Constructing irregular polygons (1)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct an irregular triangle
-Appreciate the importance of accuracy in construction

-Construct triangles given different measurements (sides and angles)
-Share work with other learners in class

Where do we use polygons in real life situations?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 149
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Protractor

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.1 Geometrical Constructions - Constructing irregular polygons (1)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct irregular quadrilaterals
-Appreciate the importance of accuracy in construction

-Construct irregular quadrilaterals - rectangles, rhombuses, parallelograms and trapeziums
-Share drawings with other groups in class

Where do we use polygons in real life situations?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 152
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Protractor
-KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 158
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 161

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.1 Geometrical Constructions - Constructing circles related to triangles (1)
4.2 Coordinates and Graphs - The Cartesian plane (2)
4.2 Coordinates and Graphs - The Cartesian plane (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct circles passing through the vertices of a triangle
-Show interest in geometric constructions

-Practice constructing circles passing through vertices of given triangles
-Share drawings with other groups in class

Where do we use polygons in real life situations?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 163
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 164
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 167
-Graph paper
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 171

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.2 Coordinates and Graphs - Table of values for linear equations (2)
4.2 Coordinates and Graphs - Linear graphs (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Generate a table of values for a linear equation
-Show interest in plotting coordinates

-Discuss and make an appropriate table of values for a given linear equation
-Generate values for linear equations

Where do we use linear graphs in real life?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 174
-Graph paper
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 178
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 180
-Ruler

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.2 Coordinates and Graphs - Linear graphs (2)
4.2 Coordinates and Graphs - Graphical solution of simultaneous linear equations (2)
4.2 Coordinates and Graphs - Graphical solution of simultaneous linear equations (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw a linear graph from table of values
-Appreciate the use of graphs in real life

-Draw linear graphs from tables of values on Cartesian plane
-Share work with other learners in class

How do we plot coordinates on a Cartesian plane?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 183
-Graph paper
-Ruler
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 185
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 186

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.3 Scale Drawing - Representing length to a given scale (2)
4.3 Scale Drawing - Converting between actual length and scale length (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Represent length to a given scale
-Appreciate the use of scale drawing in daily life

-Measure and represent length of different objects from immediate environment in work book
-Share work with other learners in class

How do we determine scales in real life?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 189
-Ruler
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 191
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 193

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.3 Scale Drawing - Converting between actual length and scale length (2)
4.3 Scale Drawing - Linear scales in statement form (2)
4.3 Scale Drawing - Linear scales in statement form (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Convert scale length to actual length
-Enjoy working with measurements

-Practice converting scale length to actual length
-Share work with other learners in class

Where do we use scale drawing in real life situations?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 194
-Ruler
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 195
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 196

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.3 Scale Drawing - Linear scales in ratio form (2)
4.3 Scale Drawing - Converting between statement form and ratio form (1)
4.3 Scale Drawing - Making scale drawings (1)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Interpret linear scales in ratio form
-Appreciate the use of scale drawing in maps

-Read, discuss and interpret given linear scales in ratio form
-Share findings with other learners in class

Where do we use scale drawing in real life situations?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 198
-Ruler
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 199
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 200
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 202

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.4 Common Solids - Identifying common solids (3)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify common solids from the environment
-Appreciate the use of common solids in real life

-Identify and collect common solids such as cubes, cuboids, cylinders, pyramids and cones from the immediate environment
-Share findings with other learners in class

What are common solids?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 209
-Various solid objects
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 210
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 211

-Observation

Geometry

4.4 Common Solids - Sketching nets of common solids (3)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Sketch nets of cubes and cuboids
-Enjoy working with geometric shapes

-Discuss, open and sketch the nets of hollow cubes and cuboids
-Share sketches with other learners in class

How do we use common solids in real life?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 212
-Various hollow solids
v Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 214

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.4 Common Solids - Sketching nets of common solids (3)
4.4 Common Solids - Surface area of solids from nets (4)
4.4 Common Solids - Surface area of solids from nets (4)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Sketch nets of cones
-Enjoy working with geometric shapes

-Discuss, open and sketch the nets of hollow cones
-Share sketches with other learners in class

What are common solids?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 215
-Various hollow solids
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 216
-Nets of cubes
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 217
-Nets of cuboids

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.4 Common Solids - Surface area of solids from nets (4)
4.4 Common Solids - Distance between points on a solid (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out surface area of cylinders from nets
-Enjoy working with geometric shapes

-Work out the surface area of cylinders from nets
-Share findings with other learners in class

What are common solids?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 219
-Nets of cylinders
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 221
-Nets of pyramids
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 224
-Various solid objects

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry

4.4 Common Solids - Distance between points on a solid (2)
4.4 Common Solids - Making models of solids (3)
4.4 Common Solids - Making models of solids (3)
4.4 Common Solids - Making models of solids (3)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Determine the distance between two points on the surface of a solid
-Show interest in properties of solids

-Discuss and practice measuring the distance between any two points on the surface of the solids
-Share findings with other learners in class

How do we use common solids in real life?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 225
-Various solid objects
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 226
-Stiff paper
-Scissors
-Glue
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 227
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 228

-Observation -Written assignments

Geometry
Data Handling and Probability
Data Handling and Probability

4.4 Common Solids - Making models of solids (3)
5.1 Data Presentation and Interpretation - Drawing bar graphs (2)
5.1 Data Presentation and Interpretation - Drawing bar graphs (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Make models of cylinders, pyramids and cones
-Enjoy working with geometric shapes

-Make models of hollow and compact cylinders, pyramids and cones using locally available materials
-Share models with other learners in class

How do we use common solids in real life?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 229
-Stiff paper
-Scissors
-Glue
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 233
-Graph paper
-Ruler
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 235

-Observation

Data Handling and Probability

5.1 Data Presentation and Interpretation - Interpreting bar graphs (1)
5.1 Data Presentation and Interpretation - Drawing line graphs (2)
5.1 Data Presentation and Interpretation - Drawing line graphs (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Interpret bar graphs of data
-Show interest in analyzing data

-Study given bar graphs
-Interpret data from bar graphs by answering questions
-Share findings with other learners in class

What are the different ways of representing data?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 236
-Bar graphs
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 238
-Graph paper
-Ruler
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 240

-Observation -Written assignments

Data Handling and Probability

5.1 Data Presentation and Interpretation - Interpreting line graphs (1)
5.1 Data Presentation and Interpretation - Mode of discrete data (1)
5.1 Data Presentation and Interpretation - Mean of discrete data (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Interpret line graphs of data
-Appreciate the use of line graphs in real life situations

-Study given line graphs
-Interpret data from line graphs by answering questions
-Share findings with other learners in class

What are the different ways of representing data?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 241
-Line graphs
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 243
-Digital devices
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 246
-Tape measure

-Observation -Written assignments

Data Handling and Probability

5.1 Data Presentation and Interpretation - Mean of discrete data (2)
5.1 Data Presentation and Interpretation - Median of discrete data (1)
5.2 Probability - Events involving chance (1)
5.2 Probability - Chance experiments (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the mean of a set of discrete data
-Value the use of mean in summarizing data

-Calculate mean of different sets of data
-Share work with other learners in class

How do we determine the mean of data?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 248
-Calculator
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 249
-Number cards
-Digital devices
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 256
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 258
-Coins

-Observation -Written assignments

Data Handling and Probability

5.2 Probability - Chance experiments (2)
5.2 Probability - Experimental probability outcomes (1)
5.2 Probability - Probability outcomes in fractions (1)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Perform chance experiments
-Value the use of probability in decision making

-Roll a die 10 times
-Record the number that appears on the top face of the die
-Put marbles of different colors in a bag and pick randomly
-Share findings with other learners in class

Why is probability important in real life situations?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 259
-Dice
-Marbles of different colors
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 260
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 262

-Observation -Oral questions

Data Handling and Probability

5.2 Probability - Probability outcomes in decimals or percentages (2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Express the probability outcomes in decimals
-Value the use of probability in daily life

-Toss a coin multiple times
-Record the results in a table
-Calculate the probability of heads and tails
-Express probability as decimals
-Share findings with other learners in class

Why is probability important in real life situations?

MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 263
-Coins
MENTOR mathematics Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 264
-Marbles of different colors

-Observation -Written assignments

Numbers

Integers - Addition of positive integers to positive integers
Integers - Addition of negative integers to negative integers
Integers - Addition of negative to positive integers and subtraction of integers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define integers and identify positive integers
- Add positive integers to positive integers
- Show interest in learning about integers

- Use number cards with positive signs to demonstrate addition of integers
- Draw tables and arrange cards to work out addition
- Discuss real-life scenarios involving addition of positive integers
- Use counters to visualize addition operations

How do we add positive integers in real-life situations?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 1
- Number cards
- Counters with positive signs
- Charts
- Number lines
- Number cards with negative signs
- Thermometers
- Counters
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Integers - Multiplication and division of integers
Integers - Combined operations on integers and applications
Cubes and Cube Roots - Cubes of numbers by multiplication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the rules for multiplication and division of integers
- Multiply and divide integers accurately
- Appreciate the importance of integer operations

- Draw triangles divided into three parts labeled P and N to show multiplication rules
- Use the same triangle method for division
- Work out problems involving profit and payments
- Watch videos on multiplication and division of integers

What are the rules for multiplying and dividing integers?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 1
- Drawing materials
- Charts showing triangles
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Number cards
- Reference books
- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 12
- Dice or cubes
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Cubes and Cube Roots - Cubes of numbers from mathematical tables
Cubes and Cube Roots - Cube roots by factor method
Cubes and Cube Roots - Cube roots from mathematical tables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to read mathematical tables for cubes
- Determine cubes of numbers from mathematical tables
- Appreciate the use of mathematical tables

- Study the table of cubes and compare with squares tables
- Locate numbers in rows and columns to read cubes
- Express numbers in the form A × 10ⁿ where needed
- Use the ADD column for more accurate values

How do we use mathematical tables to find cubes of numbers?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 12
- Mathematical tables
- Calculators
- Charts showing sample tables
- Number cards
- Charts
- Factor trees diagrams
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Cubes and Cube Roots - Using calculators and real-life applications
Indices and Logarithms - Expressing numbers in index form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify calculator functions for cubes and cube roots
- Use calculators to find cubes and cube roots
- Show confidence in using digital tools

- Key in numbers and use x³ function on calculators
- Use shift and ∛ functions to find cube roots
- Solve problems involving cubic boxes, tanks, and containers
- Calculate lengths of cubes from given volumes

Where do we apply cubes and cube roots in real-life situations?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 12
- Calculators
- Digital devices
- Models of cubes
- Internet access
- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 24
- Number cards
- Factor tree charts
- Drawing materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests - Project work

Numbers

Indices and Logarithms - Multiplication and division laws of indices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the multiplication and division laws of indices
- Apply the laws to simplify expressions
- Show interest in working with indices

- Use number cards to demonstrate multiplication of indices
- Write numbers in expanded form then in index form
- Discover that when multiplying, indices are added
- Use cards to show that when dividing, indices are subtracted

What are the laws of indices?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 24
- Number cards
- Charts
- Mathematical tables

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Indices and Logarithms - Power law and zero indices
Indices and Logarithms - Negative and fractional indices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the power law for indices
- Apply the power law and zero indices to simplify expressions
- Appreciate the patterns in indices

- Work with indices in brackets and multiply the powers
- Use factor method and division law to discover zero indices
- Use calculators to verify that any number to power zero equals 1
- Simplify expressions combining different laws

Why does any number to power zero equal one?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 24
- Calculators
- Charts
- Reference books
- Mathematical tables

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Indices and Logarithms - Applications of laws of indices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify equations involving indices
- Solve equations and simultaneous equations with indices
- Appreciate the importance of indices

- Solve for unknowns by equating indices
- Work out simultaneous equations involving indices
- Discuss real-life applications of indices
- Use IT devices to explore more on indices

How do we use indices to solve equations?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 24
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Mathematical tables
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Indices and Logarithms - Powers of 10 and common logarithms
Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Dividing quantities into proportional parts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define common logarithms
- Relate powers of 10 to common logarithms
- Appreciate the relationship between indices and logarithms

- Study the relationship between numbers and their powers of 10
- Understand that the index is the logarithm when base is 10
- Write expressions in logarithm form and vice versa
- Use digital devices to explore logarithms

How do powers of 10 relate to common logarithms?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 24
- Mathematical tables
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Charts
- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 33
- Number cards
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Dividing quantities into proportional parts (continued)
Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Relating different ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain proportional sharing of different quantities
- Work out proportional parts in various contexts
- Show fairness in sharing resources

- Work out proportional sharing of animals, books, and land
- Calculate perimeters using ratios
- Determine attendance using given ratios
- Discuss social justice in resource distribution

How do we use proportions to solve real-life problems?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 33
- Calculators
- Real objects for sharing
- Charts
- Number lines
- Drawing materials
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Continuous proportion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define continuous proportion
- Determine missing values in continuous proportions
- Show interest in proportional patterns

- Work with four numbers in continuous proportion
- Use the relationship a:b = c:d to solve problems
- Find unknown values in proportional sequences
- Apply continuous proportion to harvest and measurement problems

How do we work with continuous proportions?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 33
- Number cards
- Charts
- Calculators

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Working out compound proportions using ratio method
Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Compound proportions (continued)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define compound proportion
- Work out compound proportions using the ratio method
- Appreciate proportional relationships

- Measure heights in pictures and compare ratios
- Observe that in compound proportion, quantities change in the same ratio
- Set up and solve proportion equations
- Relate actual measurements to scaled measurements

How do we use ratios to solve compound proportion problems?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 33
- Pictures and photos
- Measuring tools
- Charts
- Rectangles and shapes
- Calculators
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Introduction to rates of work
Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Calculating rates of work with two variables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define rate of work
- Relate number of workers to time taken
- Appreciate efficient work planning

- Rearrange classroom desks in groups and time the activity
- Compare time taken by different sized groups
- Understand that more workers take less time
- Set up rate of work problems in table format

Why do more workers complete work faster?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 33
- Stopwatch or timer
- Classroom furniture
- Charts
- Charts showing worker-day relationships
- Calculators
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Rates of work with three variables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain rate of work with multiple variables
- Apply both increasing and decreasing ratios in one problem
- Show analytical thinking skills

- Set up problems with three variables in table format
- Compare each pair of variables to determine ratio type
- Solve factory, painting, and packing problems
- Multiply ratios to get final answers

How do we solve rate of work problems with multiple variables?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 33
- Charts
- Calculators
- Real-world work scenarios

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - More rate of work problems
Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Applications of rates of work

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of rate problems
- Determine resources needed for various tasks
- Appreciate practical applications of mathematics

- Calculate tractors needed for field cultivation
- Determine teachers required for lesson allocation
- Work out lorries needed for transportation
- Solve water pump flow rate problems

How do we apply rates of work to different real-life situations?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 33
- Calculators
- Charts showing different scenarios
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Compound Proportions and Rates of Work - Using IT and comprehensive applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify IT tools for solving rate problems
- Use IT devices to work on rates of work
- Appreciate the use of compound proportions and rates in real life

- Use digital devices to solve rate problems
- Play creative games on rates and proportions
- Review and consolidate all concepts covered
- Discuss careers involving proportions and rates

How do we use technology to solve compound proportion and rate problems?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 33
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Educational games
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests - Project work

Algebra

Matrices - Identifying a matrix
Matrices - Determining the order of a matrix

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a matrix and identify rows and columns
- Identify matrices in different situations
- Appreciate the organization of items in rows and columns

- Discuss how items are organised on supermarket shelves
- Observe sitting arrangements of learners in the classroom
- Study tables showing football league standings and calendars
- Identify rows and columns in different arrangements

How do we organize items in rows and columns in real life?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 42
- Charts showing matrices
- Calendar samples
- Tables and schedules
- Mathematical tables
- Charts showing different matrix types
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Algebra

Matrices - Determining the position of items in a matrix
Matrices - Position of items and equal matrices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to identify position of elements in a matrix
- Determine the position of items in terms of rows and columns
- Show accuracy in identifying matrix elements

- Study classroom sitting arrangements in matrix form
- Describe positions using row and column notation
- Identify elements using subscript notation
- Work with calendars and football league tables

How do we locate specific items in a matrix?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 42
- Classroom seating charts
- Calendar samples
- Football league tables
- Number cards
- Matrix charts
- Real objects arranged in matrices

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Algebra

Matrices - Determining compatibility for addition and subtraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define compatible matrices
- Determine compatibility of matrices for addition and subtraction
- Show understanding of matrix order requirements

- Study classroom stream arrangements with same sitting positions
- Compare orders of different matrices
- Identify matrices that can be added or subtracted
- Determine which matrices have the same order

When can we add or subtract matrices?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 42
- Charts showing matrix orders
- Classroom arrangement diagrams
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Algebra

Matrices - Addition of matrices
Matrices - Subtraction of matrices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the process of adding matrices
- Add compatible matrices accurately
- Show systematic approach to matrix addition

- Identify elements in corresponding positions
- Add matrices by adding corresponding elements
- Work out matrix addition problems
- Verify that resultant matrix has same order as original matrices

How do we add matrices?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 42
- Number cards with matrices
- Charts
- Calculators
- Number cards
- Matrix charts
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Algebra

Matrices - Combined operations and applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify combined operations on matrices
- Perform combined addition and subtraction of matrices
- Appreciate applications of matrices in real life

- Work out expressions like A + B - C and A - (B + C)
- Apply matrices to basketball scores, shop sales, and stock records
- Solve real-life problems using matrix operations
- Visit supermarkets to observe item arrangements

How do we use matrices to solve real-life problems?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 42
- Digital devices
- Real-world data tables
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests - Project work

Algebra

Equations of a Straight Line - Identifying the gradient in real life
Equations of a Straight Line - Gradient as ratio of rise to run

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define gradient and slope
- Identify gradients in real-life situations
- Appreciate the concept of steepness

- Search for the meaning of gradient using digital devices
- Identify slopes in pictures of hills, roofs, stairs, and ramps
- Discuss steepness in different structures
- Observe slopes in the immediate environment

What is a gradient and where do we see it in real life?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 57
- Pictures showing slopes
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Charts
- Ladders or models
- Measuring tools
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Algebra

Equations of a Straight Line - Determining gradient from two known points
Equations of a Straight Line - Types of gradients

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the formula for gradient from two points
- Determine gradient from two known points on a line
- Appreciate the importance of coordinates

- Plot points on a Cartesian plane
- Count squares to find vertical and horizontal distances
- Use the formula m = (y₂ - y₁)/(x₂ - x₁)
- Work out gradients from given coordinates

How do we find the gradient when given two points?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 57
- Graph paper
- Rulers
- Plotting tools
- Digital devices
- Charts showing gradient types
- Internet access

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Algebra

Equations of a Straight Line - Equation given two points

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the steps to find equation from two points
- Determine the equation of a line given two points
- Show systematic approach to problem solving

- Calculate gradient using two given points
- Use a general point (x, y) with one of the given points
- Equate the two gradient expressions
- Simplify to get the equation of the line

How do we find the equation of a line from two points?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 57
- Graph paper
- Number cards
- Charts
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Algebra

Equations of a Straight Line - More practice on equations from two points
Equations of a Straight Line - Equation from a point and gradient

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the steps in finding equations from coordinates
- Work out equations of lines passing through two points
- Appreciate the application to geometric shapes

- Find equations of lines through various point pairs
- Determine equations of sides of triangles and parallelograms
- Practice with different types of coordinate pairs
- Verify equations by substitution

How do we apply equations of lines to geometric shapes?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 57
- Graph paper
- Plotting tools
- Geometric shapes
- Calculators
- Number cards
- Charts
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Algebra

Equations of a Straight Line - Applications of point-gradient method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify problems involving point and gradient
- Apply the point-gradient method to various situations
- Appreciate practical applications of linear equations

- Work out equations of lines with different gradients and points
- Solve problems involving edges of squares and sides of triangles
- Find unknown coordinates using equations
- Determine missing values in linear relationships

How do we use point-gradient method in different situations?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 57
- Graph paper
- Calculators
- Geometric shapes
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Algebra

Equations of a Straight Line - Expressing in the form y = mx + c
Equations of a Straight Line - More practice on y = mx + c form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the standard form y = mx + c
- Express linear equations in the form y = mx + c
- Show understanding of equation transformation

- Identify the term with y in given equations
- Take all other terms to the right hand side
- Divide by the coefficient of y to make it equal to 1
- Rewrite equations in standard form

How do we write equations in the form y = mx + c?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 57
- Number cards
- Charts
- Calculators
- Reference materials
- Graph paper
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Algebra

Equations of a Straight Line - Interpreting y = mx + c
Equations of a Straight Line - Finding gradient and y-intercept from equations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define m and c in the equation y = mx + c
- Interpret the values of m and c from equations
- Show understanding of gradient and y-intercept

- Draw lines on graph paper and work out their gradients
- Determine equations and express in y = mx + c form
- Compare coefficient of x with calculated gradient
- Identify the y-intercept as the constant c

What do m and c represent in the equation y = mx + c?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 57
- Graph paper
- Plotting tools
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Charts with tables
- Calculators
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Algebra

Equations of a Straight Line - Determining x-intercepts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define x-intercept of a line
- Determine x-intercepts from equations
- Show understanding that y = 0 at x-intercept

- Observe where lines cross the x-axis on graphs
- Note that y-coordinate is 0 at x-intercept
- Substitute y = 0 in equations to find x-intercept
- Work out x-intercepts from various equations

What is the x-intercept and how do we find it?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 57
- Graph paper
- Plotting tools
- Charts
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Algebra

Equations of a Straight Line - Determining y-intercepts
Equations of a Straight Line - Finding equations from intercepts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define y-intercept of a line
- Determine y-intercepts from equations
- Show understanding that x = 0 at y-intercept

- Observe where lines cross the y-axis on graphs
- Note that x-coordinate is 0 at y-intercept
- Substitute x = 0 in equations to find y-intercept
- Work out y-intercepts from various equations

What is the y-intercept and how do we find it?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 57
- Graph paper
- Plotting tools
- Charts
- Calculators
- Number cards
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Solving linear inequalities in one unknown

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define linear inequality in one unknown
- Solve linear inequalities involving addition and subtraction
- Show understanding of inequality symbols

- Discuss inequality statements and their meanings
- Substitute integers to test inequality truth
- Solve inequalities by isolating the unknown
- Verify solutions by substitution

How do we solve inequalities with one unknown?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 72
- Number cards
- Number lines
- Charts
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Multiplication and division by negative numbers
Linear Inequalities - Graphical representation in one unknown

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the effect of multiplying/dividing by negative numbers
- Solve inequalities involving multiplication and division
- Appreciate that inequality sign reverses with negative operations

- Solve inequalities and test with integer substitution
- Observe that inequality sign reverses when multiplying/dividing by negative
- Compare solutions with and without sign reversal
- Work out various inequality problems

What happens to the inequality sign when we multiply or divide by a negative number?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 72
- Number lines
- Number cards
- Charts
- Calculators
- Graph paper
- Rulers
- Plotting tools

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Algebra

Linear Inequalities - Linear inequalities in two unknowns
Linear Inequalities - Graphical representation in two unknowns
Linear Inequalities - Applications to real-life situations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify linear inequalities in two unknowns
- Solve linear inequalities with two variables
- Appreciate the relationship between equations and inequalities

- Generate tables of values for linear equations
- Change inequalities to equations
- Plot points and draw boundary lines
- Test points to determine correct regions

How do we work with inequalities that have two unknowns?

- Master Mathematics Grade 9 pg. 72
- Graph paper
- Plotting tools
- Tables for values
- Calculators
- Rulers and plotting tools
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Real-world scenarios
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments