Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Components of Pre-Technical Studies
Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Role in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define Pre-Technical Studies as a learning area
- Identify the components of Pre-Technical Studies
- Show interest in learning about Pre-Technical Studies

- Study pictures showing Technical Studies, Computer Studies and Business Studies
- Discuss in groups what makes up Pre-Technical Studies
- Prepare a chart on components of Pre-Technical Studies

What are the parts that make up Pre-Technical Studies?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 1
- Charts
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 3
- Pictures
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Chart display

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Practical skills in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how Pre-Technical Studies develops practical skills
- Apply Pre-Technical Studies knowledge to identify repairs needed at home
- Value the role of Pre-Technical Studies in making us independent

- With a parent or guardian, identify items that need repair at home
- Write how Pre-Technical Studies skills assist in repairs and maintenance
- Share work with peers in class

How can Pre-Technical Studies skills help with repairs at home?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 4
- Home environment
- Exercise books

- Written assignments - Peer assessment - Oral questions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Career development
Safety in the Immediate Environment - Meaning of safety threats

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify careers in Pre-Technical Studies
- Discuss the role of Pre-Technical Studies in career development
- Embrace Pre-Technical Studies as a stepping stone to various careers

- Search the internet or print materials for information on careers of interest
- Write a summary on how Pre-Technical Studies skills are relevant to careers
- Debate on the motion 'Pre-Technical Studies is important in day-to-day life'

What careers can you pursue through Pre-Technical Studies?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 5
- Internet access
- Career brochures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 6
- Pictures
- Charts

- Debate participation - Written assignments - Oral questions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Immediate Environment - Physical safety threats
Safety in the Immediate Environment - Physical threats to digital devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain examples of physical safety threats
- Identify physical hazards in the school environment
- Appreciate the importance of recognising physical hazards

- Discuss potential hazards to personal safety (falls, slips, trips, fires, road accidents)
- Take a walk around the school to identify potential physical hazards
- Share findings with other learners

What physical hazards exist in our immediate environment?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 7
- School environment
- Exercise books
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 8
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Observation - Oral questions - Field notes

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Immediate Environment - Online safety threats

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain online safety threats (cyberbullying, impersonation, phishing, hacking, friend requests from unknown people)
- Demonstrate ways to keep personal data safe online
- Show concern for online safety

- Search for information on online safety threats
- Discuss ways to keep personal and sensitive data from the public when online
- Share findings with classmates

How can online threats put us at risk?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 9
- Internet access
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Immediate Environment - Safety rules and regulations
Safety in the Immediate Environment - Importance of observing safety

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State safety rules and regulations for performing tasks, handling materials and using tools
- Apply safety rules in different situations
- Appreciate the importance of following safety rules

- Discuss how to protect self and others from safety threats
- Discuss safety rules when performing tasks, handling materials and using tools
- Make a poster showing safety rules for staying safe online

What safety rules should we observe when working?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 10
- Charts
- Drawing materials
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 11
- School laboratory/workshop
- Safety attires

- Poster making - Oral questions - Observation

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Meaning of computer, data and information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the terms computer, data and information
- Distinguish between data and information using examples
- Show interest in learning about computers

- Identify computers from pictures of electronic devices
- Discuss the meaning of data with examples
- Discuss the meaning of information with examples

What is the difference between data and information?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 12
- Pictures
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Characteristics of a computer (Speed, Accuracy, Versatility, Reliability)
Computer Concepts - Characteristics of a computer (Diligence, Storage, Consistency)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain speed, accuracy, versatility and reliability as characteristics of computers
- Demonstrate understanding of computer characteristics through practical activities
- Appreciate the unique features of computers

- Study the mind map showing characteristics of computers
- Compare calculating a sum manually versus using a calculator
- Check for mistakes in a sentence manually and using a computer

What makes computers fast and accurate?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 14
- Calculators
- Computers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 15
- Mobile phones
- Computers
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical activities

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Classification based on functionality and purpose

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe classification of computers based on functionality and purpose
- Classify computers as general-purpose, special-purpose, personal computers, workstations, servers or supercomputers
- Show interest in different types of computers

- Study images of different types of computers
- Discuss classification based on functionality (general-purpose, special-purpose)
- Discuss classification based on purpose (personal computers, workstations, servers, supercomputers)

Why are computers classified differently based on their function?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 16
- Pictures
- Video clips
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Classification based on size
Computer Concepts - Using computers and importance in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe classification of computers based on size
- Distinguish between microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers and supercomputers
- Appreciate the variety of computer types available

- Download and watch a video clip on classification of computers
- Discuss classification based on size (microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, supercomputers)
- Take a walk around school to identify available types of computers

How does the size of a computer relate to its power?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 17
- Video clips
- School computers
- Internet access
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 19
- Computers
- Calculators

- Observation - Oral questions - Field notes

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Drawing - Importance of drawing as a means of communication
Introduction to Drawing - Difference between artistic and technical drawings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of drawing as a means of communication
- Draw simple pictures to communicate ideas and feelings
- Appreciate the role of drawing in expressing thoughts

- Discuss what different pictures communicate
- Draw simple pictures to communicate ideas such as a home, friendship or playing
- Walk around the school or community and identify different kinds of drawings

How can drawings help us share our thoughts and feelings?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 21
- Drawing papers
- Pencils
- Pictures
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 22
- Pictures
- Charts
- Internet access

- Observation - Oral questions - Drawing activities

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Drawing - Lettering in drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the importance of good lettering in drawing
- Print numbers and letters of the alphabet as used in drawing
- Value neatness and clarity in lettering

- Study information about lettering of titles and notes in drawing
- Practise printing each letter and digit
- Practise printing paragraphs and compare work with peers for feedback

Why is good lettering important in technical drawing?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 24
- Drawing papers
- Pencils
- Charts

- Observation - Practical work - Peer assessment

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Drawing - Types of lines and their application
Introduction to Drawing - Symbols used in drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of lines used in drawing
- Draw various types of lines (thick and thin continuous, dashed and chain)
- Appreciate the application of different lines in technical drawing

- Discuss the differences between various types of lines
- Trace over each type of line with pencils
- Design a simple map using different line types to show boundaries and paths

How are different types of lines used in technical drawing?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 26
- Drawing papers
- Pencils
- Rulers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 28
- Charts

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Drawing - Abbreviations and their applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain abbreviations (DRG, A/F, A/C, I/D, O/D) used in drawing
- Apply symbols and abbreviations in drawing
- Appreciate the role of symbols and abbreviations in communication

- Read and discuss the meaning of abbreviations (DRG, A/F, A/C, I/D, O/D)
- Watch a video on applications of symbols and abbreviations in drawing
- Write a summary on applications of symbols and abbreviations

Why do we use abbreviations in technical drawings?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 29
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Charts

- Written assignments - Oral questions - Observation

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Meaning of free-hand sketching
Free-hand Sketching - Box method and centreline method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define free-hand sketching as used in Pre-Technical Studies
- Explain the principles of free-hand sketching
- Show interest in learning free-hand sketching

- Discuss what is happening in pictures showing learners sketching
- Discuss the meaning of free-hand sketching
- Identify materials needed for free-hand sketching

What is free-hand sketching and why is it important?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 30
- Pictures
- Pencils
- Drawing papers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 32
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Hand compass method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the hand compass method of free-hand sketching
- Use the hand compass method to capture accurate proportions in sketches
- Value accuracy in free-hand sketching

- Follow teacher instructions to practise using the hand compass method
- Discuss sketches drawn using different techniques
- Practise using hand compass method to capture proportions

How does the hand compass method help in achieving accurate proportions?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 33
- Pencils
- Drawing papers

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Hatching and cross-hatching
Free-hand Sketching - Stippling and blending

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe hatching and cross-hatching as sketching techniques
- Apply hatching and cross-hatching to create shading in sketches
- Appreciate the effect of shading techniques in drawings

- Use print and digital media to search for information on hatching and cross-hatching
- Draw two circles and fill one using hatching and the other using cross-hatching
- Share work with peers for feedback

How do hatching and cross-hatching create shading effects?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 33
- Pencils
- Drawing papers
- Digital devices
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 34
- Tissue paper

- Practical work - Peer assessment - Observation

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Sketching straight lines
Free-hand Sketching - Improving line sketching skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the correct way to hold a pencil when drawing straight lines
- Sketch straight lines using free-hand
- Appreciate the importance of proper technique in line sketching

- Discuss the proper way to hold a pencil when drawing straight lines
- Discuss how horizontal and vertical lines should be drawn
- Practise sketching horizontal, vertical and inclined straight lines using free-hand

What is the correct technique for sketching straight lines?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 35
- Pencils
- Drawing papers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 36

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Sketching 2D shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify two-dimensional shapes
- Sketch 2D shapes (squares, rectangles, circles, triangles) using free-hand
- Appreciate the importance of keeping sketches in proportion

- List two-dimensional shapes covered in Mathematics
- Fetch pencils and drawing papers
- Use pencils and drawing papers to sketch two-dimensional shapes

Why is it important to keep sketches in proportion?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 36
- Pencils
- Drawing papers

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Drawing curved lines

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the correct hand positioning when drawing curved lines
- Sketch curved lines and circular shapes using free-hand
- Show interest in mastering curved line techniques

- Discuss correct hand positioning when drawing curved lines
- Practise keeping hand on the inside of the curve when drawing
- Practise drawing circles and curved shapes

How should we position our hand when drawing curved lines?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 37
- Pencils
- Drawing papers

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

Free-hand Sketching - Application in different careers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of free-hand sketching in communication
- Relate free-hand sketching to different career fields
- Appreciate the role of free-hand sketching in various professions

- Visit online galleries and observe free-hand sketches by artists
- Explore websites like Behance or Dribble to view portfolios from professionals
- Discuss how people in creative careers use sketching daily

How is free-hand sketching used in different careers?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 37
- Digital devices
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Meaning and importance of ICT tools
ICT Tools in Communication - Email

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define ICT tools as used in communication
- Explain the importance of ICT tools in communication
- Show interest in using ICT tools for communication

- Discuss what is happening in pictures showing video conferencing, emails, SMS and phone calls
- Find out the meaning of Information Communication Technology tools
- Discuss the importance of ICT tools in communication

What are ICT tools and why are they important?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 37
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 40
- Computers
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Mobile phones

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe mobile phones as ICT tools used in communication
- Demonstrate how to make calls and send messages using mobile phones
- Value responsible use of mobile phones

- Discuss how mobile phones allow communication through voice calls, messages and video calls
- Organise a mock calling session using a mobile phone
- Practise sending messages to another group about a school-related topic

How do mobile phones help us communicate?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 40
- Mobile phones

- Practical work - Observation - Role play

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Computers and web conferencing
ICT Tools in Communication - Social networking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe computers and web conferencing tools used in communication
- Identify web conferencing software (Zoom, Google Meet, Microsoft Teams)
- Appreciate the role of technology in connecting people

- Discuss how computers produce and share information
- Find out from internet or print materials how web conferencing tools work
- Learn about common web conferencing software (Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet)

How do computers and web conferencing tools enable communication?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 41
- Computers
- Internet access
- Digital devices

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Online collaboration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain online collaboration as an ICT tool for communication
- Identify online collaboration tools (Google Workspace)
- Value teamwork through digital platforms

- Discuss how online collaboration enables people to work together on tasks from different locations
- Learn about online collaboration software like Google Workspace
- Participate in a group online chat discussion on a topic of interest

How does online collaboration help people work together?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 41
- Computers
- Internet access

- Practical work - Observation - Group discussions

Communication in Pre-Technical Studies

ICT Tools in Communication - Sending and receiving texts, calls and chats
ICT Tools in Communication - Audio, animations and video

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to send and receive texts, calls and chats
- Use ICT tools to send and receive texts, calls and chats
- Appreciate the convenience of instant communication

- Practise answering calls politely and ending calls properly
- Use a mobile phone to send messages to classmates
- Participate in a group online chat discussion

How do we use ICT tools to send and receive messages?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 42
- Mobile phones
- Computers
- Computers
- Digital devices

- Practical work - Observation - Role play

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Meaning of materials used in production
Introduction to Materials - Examples of materials used in production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define materials used in production
- Identify materials used to make different items
- Show interest in learning about materials for production

- Discuss the meaning of materials used in production
- Identify materials used to make items in pictures (furniture, clothing, containers)
- Search online or in relevant print media for information on materials used in production

What are materials used in production?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 43
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 44
- Realia (wood, metal, plastic samples)
- Pictures

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Distinguishing metallic and non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the differences between metallic and non-metallic materials
- Distinguish between metallic and non-metallic materials in the locality
- Value the unique properties of different materials

- Study pictures showing metallic and non-metallic materials
- Discuss which materials are hard to break and which can be bent without breaking
- Take a walk in school compound and community to identify and group materials as metallic or non-metallic

What are the differences between metallic and non-metallic materials?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 45
- Metallic materials (steel, aluminium, copper)
- Non-metallic materials (wood, plastic, paper)

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Sustainable use of materials in production
Introduction to Materials - Importance of materials in production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe sustainable ways of using materials in production
- Apply sustainable practices such as reduce, reuse and recycle
- Appreciate the importance of using materials sustainably

- Discuss how to use materials sustainably (reduce waste, reuse, recycle)
- Discuss using renewable materials and energy-efficient methods
- Make notes and present on sustainable ways of using materials in production

How can we use materials in production sustainably?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 47
- Charts
- Pictures
- Digital devices
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 48
- Classroom items
- Internet access
- Charts

- Oral questions - Presentations - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Introduction to Materials - Application of materials in everyday items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify how different materials are used in making items
- Create a poster showing uses of different materials
- Value the contribution of materials to our daily lives

- Create a poster showing how different materials are used in making items
- Write down the importance of materials used
- Take turns to present posters to classmates for discussion

How do materials contribute to the items we use every day?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 49
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Pictures

- Poster making - Presentations - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Types of metallic materials
Metallic Materials - Identifying metallic materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of metallic materials (steel, aluminium, copper) used in the immediate environment
- Match metallic materials to items made from them
- Show interest in learning about metals

- Study pictures showing items made from steel, aluminium and copper
- Discuss items made using steel, aluminium and copper
- Search on internet or print materials for information on metallic materials

What types of metallic materials are found in our environment?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 50
- Pictures
- Internet access
- Metallic samples
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 51
- School environment
- Exercise books

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Appearance and colour of metals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the appearance and colour of metallic materials
- Observe and compare physical appearance of steel, aluminium and copper
- Value careful observation skills in identifying metals

- Get a steel spoon, aluminium can and copper wire and observe their physical appearance
- Describe the colour and appearance of each metal (shiny or dull)
- Record observations in exercise book

What do different metals look like?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 52
- Steel spoon
- Aluminium can
- Copper wire

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Weight and flexibility of metals
Metallic Materials - Magnetism of metals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the weight and flexibility of metallic materials
- Compare the weight and flexibility of steel, aluminium and copper
- Appreciate the different physical properties of metals

- Hold or weigh equal-sized samples of steel, aluminium and copper
- Identify which metal is light, slightly heavy or heavy
- Try bending each metal and observe which is easy or hard to bend

How do metals differ in weight and flexibility?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 52
- Steel samples
- Aluminium samples
- Copper samples
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 53
- Magnets
- Steel, aluminium and copper samples

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Conductivity of heat
Metallic Materials - Conductivity of electricity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain conductivity of heat as a property of metallic materials
- Perform practical activities to test heat conductivity of metals
- Value safety precautions when working with heat

- Place one end of steel, aluminium and copper rods in a flame and feel the other end
- Note which type of rod makes the hand feel warm
- Share findings with other learners in class

Which metals conduct heat better?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 53
- Metal rods (steel, aluminium, copper)
- Source of heat
- Safety gloves
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 54
- Bulb
- Cell
- Connecting wires
- Metal rods

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Properties of steel, aluminium and copper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the properties of steel, aluminium and copper
- Compare the properties of different metallic materials
- Value the unique characteristics of each metal

- Discuss properties of steel (strong, grey colour, magnetic, poor conductor)
- Discuss properties of aluminium (rust-resistant, silvery, light, non-magnetic)
- Discuss properties of copper (reddish-brown, non-magnetic, excellent conductor)

What are the unique properties of steel, aluminium and copper?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 54
- Charts
- Metal samples

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Uses of steel, aluminium and copper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the uses of steel, aluminium and copper in the immediate environment
- Match metallic materials to their uses
- Appreciate the importance of metals in everyday life

- Use digital device or print resources to search for uses of steel, aluminium and copper
- Look around school or community and list items made of steel, aluminium or copper
- Take pictures or draw items made from these metals

How are steel, aluminium and copper used in our environment?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 55
- Digital devices
- School environment

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Matching metals to their applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate metallic materials to their specific applications
- Create a poster matching metallic materials with their uses
- Value the contribution of metals to construction and technology

- Create a poster matching metallic materials with their uses
- Present work to classmates
- Make a chart showing more uses of steel, aluminium and copper

Why are different metals suitable for different uses?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 55
- Chart papers
- Markers
- Pictures

- Poster making - Presentations - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Meaning and examples of non-metallic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Identifying non-metallic materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define non-metallic materials
- Identify non-metallic materials found in the locality
- Show interest in learning about non-metallic materials

- Identify materials used to make items in pictures (wooden furniture, plastic containers, glass windows)
- Find out from internet or print materials the meaning of non-metallic material
- Discuss examples of non-metallic materials (wood, plastic, rubber, glass, ceramics, stone, cement, paper)

What are non-metallic materials?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 56
- Pictures
- Internet access
- Non-metallic samples
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 57
- School environment
- Exercise books

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Natural and synthetic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the difference between natural and synthetic non-metallic materials
- Categorise non-metallic materials as either natural or synthetic
- Value both natural and synthetic materials in production

- Read and discuss definitions of synthetic and natural materials
- Categorise materials as natural (wood, cotton, leather, wool) or synthetic (plastic, rubber, cement, glass, ceramics, nylon)
- Sort non-metallic materials in the environment as natural or synthetic

What is the difference between natural and synthetic materials?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 58
- Natural material samples
- Synthetic material samples
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Sorting activities

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Identifying natural and synthetic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Colour and texture of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify natural and synthetic materials in the environment
- Create a poster showing natural and synthetic non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the sources of different materials

- Identify non-metallic materials in the environment
- Categorise materials as natural or synthetic
- Take pictures of materials and make a poster to share with peers

How can we identify natural and synthetic materials around us?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 58
- Environment
- Camera/phone
- Chart papers
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 59
- Wood, stone, plastic, paper, rubber, cement, glass, ceramic samples

- Poster making - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Hardness of non-metallic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Fire resistance of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain hardness as a property of non-metallic materials
- Perform hardness test on non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the varying hardness of different materials

- Use a metal nail to scratch each material lightly
- Observe which materials scratch easily and which resist scratching
- Classify materials as soft (scratch easily) or hard (resist scratching) and record results

Which non-metallic materials are hard and which are soft?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 59
- Metal nail
- Non-metallic material samples
- Gloves
- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 60
- Candle
- Tongs
- Safety gloves

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Summary of physical properties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the physical properties of various non-metallic materials
- Compare physical properties of different non-metallic materials
- Appreciate the unique properties of each material

- Study summary table of physical properties of non-metallic materials
- Identify five items made from non-metallic materials at home
- Examine items' physical properties and note in exercise book

How do the physical properties of non-metallic materials compare?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 60
- Summary table
- Exercise books

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of wood, stone, plastics and paper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the uses of wood, stone, plastics and paper in the locality
- Match non-metallic materials to their uses
- Value the contribution of non-metallic materials to everyday life

- Discuss uses of wood (furniture, flooring, construction)
- Discuss uses of stone (building foundations, walling, landscaping)
- Discuss uses of plastics (bottles, packaging, household items) and paper (books, newspapers, packaging)

How are wood, stone, plastics and paper used in our locality?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 61
- Pictures
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Matching activities

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of rubber, cement, glass and ceramics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the uses of rubber, cement, glass and ceramics in the locality
- Relate non-metallic materials to their applications
- Appreciate the importance of non-metallic materials in production

- Discuss uses of rubber (tires, footwear, seals)
- Discuss uses of cement (constructing buildings, making roads)
- Discuss uses of glass (windows, bottles, decorative items) and ceramics (tiles, pottery, kitchenware)
- Write summary of uses of non-metallic materials in production

How are rubber, cement, glass and ceramics used in production?

- Master Booklyst Pre-Technical Studies Grade 7 pg. 61
- Pictures
- Charts
- Exercise books

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions