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Form 4 2026
TERM I
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
2 2-3
Lenses
Conveying and diverging lenses
Parts of fair lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Describe converging lenses
Describe diverging lenses


Describe the principal focus using ray diagram
Describe the optical center using ray diagram
Describe the focal length of thin lenses using ray diagram

Using light beams to distinguish between diverging and converging lenses

Description of principal focus, optical centre and focal length of a thin lens

Diverging lenses
Converging lenses
Source of light beam
screen

Chart showing the parts of thin lens
Graph paper
Diverging lens
Converging lens
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 1-2
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 1
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 1-3
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 6-7 
2-4

midterm

5 1
Lenses
Focal length
Images in fair lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Determine experimentally the focal length of a converging lens
Determine the focal length of a converging lens using estimation method

Experiment to determine the focal length of a fair lens
Converging lenses
Screen
Pins
candle
Diverging lenses
Graph papers
Ruler
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 2-3
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 17-20 
5 2-3
Lenses
Images in converging lenses
Images in diverging lenses
The microscope
The telescope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Locate imaged formed by converging lenses using ray construction method
Describe the images formed in converging lenses


Explain the working of a simple microscope
Explain the working of a compound microscope

Describing the characteristics of images formed in converging lenses

Drawing and labeling the parts of a microscope
Describing the work of a microscope
Graph paper
Geometrical set
Converging lenses
screen
Diverging lenses
Screen
Simple microscope
Compound microscope
Magnifying lens
Telescope
Lenses
Manilla paper
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 5-6
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 7-10 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 10-11
teachers book 4 pages 1-5 
5 4
Lenses
The camera
Image formation in the human eye
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the parts of a camera
Explain the working of a camera
Explain the use of lenses in a camera

Describing the parts of a camera
Explaining the use of lenses in a camera
Camera
Charts showing the parts of a camera
Chart showing the parts of human eye
Model of the human eye
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 11-12
teachers book 4 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 33 
6 1
Lenses
Working of the human eye
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the image formation in the human eye

Explaining the image formation in the eye

Chart showing the image formation in the human eye
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 13-14
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 29-31
6 2-3
Lenses
Uniform Circular Motion
Defects of vision
Circular motion
Radiant, angular displacement and angular velocity
Centripetal force
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the defects of the human eye
Explain the corrections of human eye defects


Define the radiant measure
Define the angular displacement and velocity
Explain the angular displacement and velocity

Describing the defects of the human eye
Explaining the eye defects are corrected

Discussions
Experiment
Charts showing eye defects and how they are corrected
Hoop
String/rope
store
Illustration of angular displacement and angular velocity on a chart
Pendulum
String
Stone
Round table
Ball/bob
Stop clock
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 13-14
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 31-32
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 18-20
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 37-42
Golden tips Physics pages 34-35
6 4
Uniform Circular Motion
Floating And Sinking
Application of uniform circular motion
Archimedes? principle
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain centrifuge
Explain vertical and horizontal circles
Explain banked tracks

Discussions
Explanations
Experiments
String
Stone
Ruler
Water
Measuring cylinder
Weighing balance
Overflow can
Objects denser than water
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 22-25
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 47-53 
7 1
Floating And Sinking
The laws of floatation Relative density
Applications of floating and sinking
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State the law of floatation
Define relative density

Discussions
Measuring
Density bottle
Overflow can
Spring balance
measuring cylinder
charts depicting the uses of Archimedes principle and the law of floatation
A hydrometer
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 29-33
teachers book 34pages 14-17
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 64-70 
7 2-3
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum
The properties of electromagnetic waves
Detection of electromagnetic radiations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe a complete electromagnetic spectrum


Describe the methods of detective electromagnetic radiations

Discussions on the charge in wave length of electromagnetic radiations
explanations

Demonstrating and explaining how to detect electromagnetic radiations
charts showing the components of the electromagnetic spectrum
Charts showing the properties of electromagnetic waves

Radiation detectors
Charts showing detectors of electromagnetic radiation
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 37
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 79 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 38-39
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 81
Golden tips Physics pages
175-176
7 4
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Applications of electromagnetic radiations
Problems on C=FX
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the applications of electromagnetic radiations including green house effect

Discussions of application of electromagnetic radiations
Pictures and chart on application of electromagnetic radiations
Questions and answers
exercises
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 42-45
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 82 
8 1
Electromagnetic Induction
Induced e.m.f
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Perform and describe simple experiments to illustrate electromagnetic induction
State the factors affecting the magnitude of an induced e.m.f
State the factors affecting the direction induced by e.m.f

Experiments
discussions

magnets
complete
electric circuit
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 46-48
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 86-91 
8 2-3
Electromagnetic Induction
Faraday?s law and Lenz?s law
Fleming?s right hand rule
Generators
Eddy currents
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State Faraday?s law
State Lenz?s law
Illustrate Faraday law and Lens?s law


Explain the working of an a.c generator
Explain the working of a d.c generator

Discussions
Experiments to illustrate Faraday?s law and Lenz?s law

Drawing the arrangement for a.c and a d.c generators
Demonstration of motor principle
Magnets
Solenoid
Source of current
Wire
Coil
Pins
Source of current
magnets
Pendulum
Copper wire
Magnets
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 48-50
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 91-93 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 50-53
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 
8 4
Electromagnetic Induction
Mutual inductance
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe simple experiments to illustrate mutual inductance

Discussions
Experiments
Explanations

Iron care with primary and secondary coil
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 54-55
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 pages 97-101
Golden tips Physics pages 158
9 1
Electromagnetic Induction
Transformers
Applications of electromagnetic induction
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the working of a transformer

Discussions
Experiments
Transformer
Magnets
Wires
Metallic rods
Induction coil
Moving coil/loud speaker
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 54-59
teachers book 34pages 21-25
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 100-104 
9 2-3
Electromagnetic Induction
Main Electricity
Eddy currents
Source of main electricity
Power transmission
Power consumption
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain eddy currents
Demonstrate the effects of eddy currents

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Describe the transmission of electric power from the generating station
Explain the domestic wiring system

Discussions
Experiments
Explanations

Discussions
Questions and answers
Pendulum
Copper wire
Magnets
Pictures and charts showing sources of main electricity
Photos of power transmission
Lines and power substations
Chats on power consumptions
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 53-54
teachers book 34pages 24
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 pages,104 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 62
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 117-122 
9 4
Mains Electricity
Domestic wiring
Domestic electrical appliances
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the domestic wiring system
Describe the domestic wiring system

Discussions
Demonstrations on building wiring
Drawing circuits
Fuses
Wires
Switches
Electrical appliances
domestic electrical appliances
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 66-69
teachers book 4 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-121-122 
10 1
Cathode Rays
Production of cathode rays
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the production of cathode rays
State and explain the properties of cathode rays

Describing the production of cathode rays
Stating the properties of cathode rays

Chart on the properties of cathode rays
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 72-73
teachers book 4 pages 30-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 131-133 
10 2-3
Cathode Rays
X-Rays
The cathode rays Oscilloscope
The cathode rays of Oscilloscope
Production of X-rays
Dangers of x-rays
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the functioning of the cathode ray oscilloscope
Explain the functioning of a T.V tube


Explain the production of x-rays
State and explain the properties of X-rays
Distinguish between hard and soft x-rays

Discussions of parts and functions of C.R.O

Demonstrations
Discussions
Calculations involving x-rays
Chart of parts and functions of C.R.O
T.V tube
X-ray tube
Charts
Charts showing the dangers of x-rays
Hospital with x-ray equipment
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 73-75
teachers book 4 pages 30-32
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 133-134 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 80-84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 144-148 
10 4
X-Rays
Photo Electric Effect
Uses of x-rays
Photo electric emissions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
State the uses of X-rays
Explain the uses of X-rays

Discussions
Hospital with X-ray equipment
source of light
Metallic surfaces
Photo cell
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 148
11 1
Photo-Electric
Photo-Electric
Factors effecting photoelectric emissions
Plank?s constant
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State the factors affecting photo-electric emission
Explain the factors affecting the photoelectric emissions

Discussions
Demonstrations
charts
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 88-90
teachers book 4 pages 38-40
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 156-158 
11 2-3
Photo-Electric
Photo-Electric
Radio Activity
The quantum theory of light
Application of photoelectric effect
Types of radiation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Determine the energy of p photos
Apply the equation E=hf to calculate the energy of photos
Explain photoelectric effect using Einstein?s equation=hf+1/2mv2


Explain the working of a
Photo emissive cell
Photo conductive cell
Photo voltaic cell

Discussions
Calculations

Demonstrations
Discussions

Chart on the use of Einstein?s equation
Charts on the photo cell and how it works
Solar panels
Watch cells
Radiation
detectors
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 90-92
teachers book 4 pages 38-40
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 153-156 0
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 92-93
teachers book 4 pages 38-40
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 160-163 
11 4
Radio-Activity
Detecting nuclear radiations
Radio-active decay
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

explain how a diffusion cloud chamber works

Demonstrations
discussions
Radiation detectors
Charts on radio-active decay
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 100
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 173-174 
12 1
Radio-Activity
Hazards of radioactivity
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Explain the dangers of radioactive emissions


discussions

diffusion cloud chamber
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 105-106
teachers book 4 pages 42-45
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 182 
12 2-3
Radioactivity
Electronics
Nuclear fission and fusion
Conductors and semi-conductors
Intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductors
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define nuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Write balanced nuclear equations
State the application of radioactivity


Explain doping in semi-conductors
Explain the working of p-n junction diode
Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductors

Discussions
Problem solving

Discussions
Experiments
Periodic table
Some semi-conductors
Some insulator

Samples of semi-conductors
Complete circuit
Transistors
Junction diode
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 100-108
teachers book 4 pages 42-45
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 181-184 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 111-112
teachers book 4 pages 48-52
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 189-194 
12 4
Electronics
Characteristics of p-n junction
Applications of diodes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



sketch the current voltage characteristics for a diode


experiments
junction diode
Chart showing the application of diode
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 161-117
teachers book 4 pages 48-52
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 189-194 

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