Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Components of Pre-Technical Studies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify components of Pre-Technical Studies as a learning area
- Explain the meaning of Pre-Technical Studies
- Appreciate the importance of each component of Pre-Technical Studies

- Brainstorm on the components of Pre-Technical Studies as a learning area
- Study pictures showing different components of Pre-Technical Studies
- Discuss the meaning of Pre-Technical Studies

What makes up Pre-Technical Studies?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 1
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Role of Pre-Technical Studies in day-to-day life
Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Pre-Technical Studies in career development (Part 1)
Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Pre-Technical Studies in career development (Part 2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the role of Pre-Technical Studies in day-to-day life
- Discuss how Pre-Technical Studies helps solve practical problems
- Value the application of Pre-Technical Studies in daily activities

- Discuss and present the role of Pre-Technical Studies in day-to-day life
- Study pictures showing how knowledge acquired in Pre-Technical Studies helps in day-to-day life
- List down tasks people do on a daily basis in the community

Why is Pre-Technical Studies important in day-to-day life?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 2
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 3
- Career brochures
- Career magazines

- Question and answer - Observation - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Work Environment - Potential physical safety threats
Safety in the Work Environment - Online safety threats

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify potential physical safety threats in a work environment
- Explain the meaning of personal safety
- Show concern for personal safety in a work environment

- Brainstorm with peers on potential physical safety threats in a work environment
- Study pictures showing safety threats
- Discuss what safety threats are shown in pictures
- Search for information on the meaning of personal safety

What potential physical safety threats exist in a work environment?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 4
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 5

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Work Environment - Physical threats to digital devices
Safety in the Work Environment - Personal data protection
Safety in the Work Environment - Safety rules and regulations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify physical threats to digital devices
- Explain how physical threats can damage digital devices
- Value the importance of protecting digital devices

- Use print or digital media to search for information on physical threats to digital devices (theft, natural disasters, hardware failure)
- Discuss physical threats to digital devices
- Take a walk around the school environment to identify potential physical hazards

What physical threats can damage digital devices?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 5
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 6
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 7
- Workshop materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Self-assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Work Environment - Practicing safety

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Role play on safety for self and others in a work environment
- Discuss the importance of observing safety
- Recognize the importance of observing safety in a work environment

- Role play on safety for self and others in a work environment
- Visit a school laboratory or workshop
- Gather information from technicians on safety protocols
- Discuss the importance of observing safety

How can we practice safety effectively in our environment?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 8
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Workshop attires

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Meaning of computer, data and information
Computer Concepts - Characteristics of a computer

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of computer
- Differentiate between data and information
- Appreciate the role of computers in processing data

- Brainstorm on the meaning of the terms; computer, data and information
- Identify computers from electronic devices
- Discuss examples of data and information
- Classify various items as either data or information

What is the difference between data and information?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 12
- Computers
- Internet access
- Reference books
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 13
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Characteristics of a computer (continued)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain versatility, reliability and diligence as characteristics of computers
- Demonstrate how these characteristics make computers useful
- Value the efficiency of computers

- Perform multiple tasks using computers to demonstrate versatility
- Discuss how computers work for long periods without getting tired
- Create a mind map showing computer characteristics

How do computer characteristics benefit users?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 13
- Computers
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Practical work - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Classification of computers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the classification of computers
- Classify computers based on functionality
- Appreciate different types of computers

- Download and watch a video clip on classification of computers
- Discuss classification of computers (functionality, purpose and size)
- Create a chart showing classification of computers

Why are there different classes of computers?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 14
- Computers
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Video clips

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Types of computers
Computer Concepts - Using computers to perform tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of computers
- Classify computers based on purpose and size
- Acknowledge the different uses of various computers

- Discuss classification of computers based on purpose and size
- Identify different types of computers in pictures
- Walk around the school to identify available computers

How are computers classified based on size and purpose?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 15
- Computers
- Internet access
- Reference materials
- Video clips
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 16
- Digital devices
- Computer user manuals

- Observation - Written test - Peer assessment

Communication

Fundamentals of Communication - Meaning and importance of communication
Fundamentals of Communication - Role playing effective communication
Fundamentals of Communication - ICT tools in communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of communication
- Discuss the importance of communication in work environment
- Appreciate effective communication in a work environment

- Brainstorm and present on the meaning and importance of communication in the work environment
- Discuss real-life scenarios where communication is essential
- Identify different forms of communication

Why is communication in the work environment important?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 21
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Reference books
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 22
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Communication

Fundamentals of Communication - Internet in communication
Fundamentals of Communication - Practical communication using ICT tools
Fundamentals of Communication - Social networking in communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use ICT tools and internet to communicate
- Explain the benefits of internet in communication
- Recognize the challenges of internet in communication

- Use ICT tools and internet to communicate
- Discuss the benefits and challenges of the internet
- Demonstrate how to send and receive information through different internet platforms

What are the benefits and challenges of using the internet for communication?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 23
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Reference materials
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 24

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Drawing as communication
Introduction to Drawing - Types of drawings
Introduction to Drawing - Creating drawing charts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of drawing as a means of communication
- Create simple drawings to communicate ideas
- Appreciate drawing as a universal language

- Discuss the importance of drawing as a means of communication
- Study pictures communicating different feelings and ideas
- Draw simple pictures to communicate specific ideas

Why is drawing referred to as a universal way of communication?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 25
- Drawing materials
- Reference books
- Digital resources
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 26
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 27
- Chart papers

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Lettering and numbering

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Print numbers and letters of the alphabet as used in drawing
- Demonstrate proper lettering techniques
- Value neat and clear lettering in drawing

- Practice printing numbers and letters of the alphabet
- Study information about lettering of titles and notes in drawing
- Compare lettering work with other learners for feedback

Why is proper lettering important in technical drawing?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 28
- Drawing materials
- Lettering guides
- Reference books

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Printing paragraphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Print paragraphs with proper spacing and alignment
- Identify common errors in lettering
- Appreciate the importance of good lettering in drawing

- Practise printing paragraphs with proper spacing
- Identify errors in sample lettering exercises
- Share work with other learners for feedback

How does quality lettering enhance the overall presentation of a drawing?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 29
- Drawing materials
- Lettering guides
- Sample paragraphs

- Practical assessment - Observation - Self-assessment

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Types of lines
Introduction to Drawing - Application of line types

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of lines used in drawing
- Draw various types of lines used in drawing
- Show interest in learning about line types

- Use visual aids to search for information on the types of lines and their application in drawing
- Draw various types of lines (thick and thin continuous, dashed and chain)
- Discuss the application of different line types

How are different types of lines used in technical drawing?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 30
- Drawing materials
- Line type samples
- Digital resources
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 31
- Sample drawings
- Reference books

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Symbols in drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify symbols used in drawing
- Draw basic symbols used in drawing
- Value the use of standard symbols in technical communication

- Study drawings to identify symbols and abbreviations
- Practise drawing symbols (⌀, ℄, R, ⊥, ▢)
- Discuss the meaning of various symbols

Why are symbols important in technical drawing?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 32
- Drawing materials
- Symbol guides
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Written test

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Abbreviations in drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain abbreviations used in drawing
- Apply abbreviations correctly in drawing
- Appreciate standardized abbreviations in technical communication

- Read and discuss the meaning of abbreviations (DRG, A/F, A/C, I/D, O/D)
- Practice using abbreviations in drawing contexts
- Search for additional abbreviations used in drawing

How do abbreviations enhance technical communication?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 33
- Drawing materials
- Reference books
- Digital resources

- Question and answer - Written test - Peer assessment

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Applications of symbols and abbreviations
Plane Geometry - Dimensioning methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Illustrate symbols and abbreviations used in drawing
- Apply symbols and abbreviations in appropriate contexts
- Appreciate the role of symbols and abbreviations in drawing

- Use audio visual aids to study the application of symbols and abbreviations in drawing
- Watch videos showing applications of symbols and abbreviations
- Create a summary on applications of symbols and abbreviations

In what contexts are symbols and abbreviations most useful in technical drawing?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 34
- Drawing materials
- Digital resources
- Audio-visual equipment
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 35
- Sample dimensioned drawings
- Reference books

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Communication

Plane Geometry - Combined shapes identification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify combined shapes used in plane geometry
- Explain the components of combined shapes
- Appreciate the use of combined shapes in plane geometry

- Use visual aids to identify combined shapes
- Discuss the components of different combined shapes
- Identify combined shapes in everyday objects

How are combined shapes used in real-life applications?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 36
- Drawing materials
- Visual aids
- Reference books

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Communication

Plane Geometry - Drawing combined shapes
Plane Geometry - Dimensioning combined shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Draw combined shapes used in a work environment
- Apply proper drawing techniques for combined shapes
- Show interest in creating accurate combined shapes

- Discuss how to draw combined shapes
- Practice drawing different combined shapes
- Share drawings with peers for feedback

What techniques help create accurate combined shapes?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 37
- Drawing materials
- Drawing instruments
- Sample drawings
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 38
- Reference books

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Communication

Plane Geometry - Applications of combined shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply dimensioning techniques to real-world objects
- Create dimensioned drawings of combined shapes
- Embrace the use of plane geometry in a work environment

- Draw and dimension complex combined shapes
- Identify applications of combined shapes in the environment
- Create a portfolio of dimensioned combined shapes

How do professionals use combined shapes and dimensioning in their work?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 39
- Drawing materials
- Drawing instruments
- Sample applications

- Practical assessment - Portfolio assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

ICT Tools in Communication - Meaning of ICT tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of ICT tools in communication
- Identify various ICT tools used in communication
- Value the role of ICT in modern communication

- Brainstorm and present on the meaning and importance of communication in the work environment
- Identify ICT tools used in images showing communication scenarios
- Discuss the importance of ICT tools in communication

How have ICT tools transformed communication?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 37
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Communication

ICT Tools in Communication - Types of ICT tools
ICT Tools in Communication - Email communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the ICT tools used in communication
- Explain how different ICT tools function
- Show interest in exploring various ICT tools

- Discuss how various ICT tools work (email, mobile phone, computers)
- Find out from internet or print materials how different tools are used
- Create a chart showing types of ICT tools

What factors determine which ICT tool to use in a specific situation?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 38
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Reference materials
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 39
- Computers
- Email software

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

ICT Tools in Communication - Mobile communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use mobile phones for communication
- Send text and voice messages using mobile phones
- Show responsibility when using mobile communication

- Organize mock calling sessions using mobile phones
- Practice sending messages about school-related topics
- Discuss mobile phone etiquette

What are the advantages and limitations of mobile communication?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 40
- Mobile phones
- Reference materials
- Digital resources

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Communication
Materials for Production
Materials for Production

ICT Tools in Communication - Social media and video communication
Economic Resources - Meaning of economic resources
Economic Resources - Classification of economic resources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain social media and video communication tools
- Create and share content using digital platforms
- Value responsible use of social media

- Participate in online chat discussions
- Record and share audio/video messages
- Discuss best practices for social media communication

How has video communication changed the way we interact?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 41
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Video conferencing tools
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 43
- Digital resources
- Reference books
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 44
- Case studies
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Economic Resources - Metallic and non-metallic materials
Economic Resources - Distribution of economic resources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between metallic and non-metallic materials as economic resources
- Identify examples of metallic and non-metallic materials
- Show interest in learning about different materials

- Discuss metallic and non-metallic materials as economic resources
- Sort materials as either metallic or non-metallic
- Create a comparison chart of metallic and non-metallic materials

What are the key differences between metallic and non-metallic materials?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 45
- Sample materials
- Digital resources
- Reference books
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 46
- Maps
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Economic Resources - Sustainable use of economic resources
Economic Resources - Community involvement in resource management
Metallic Materials - Types of metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse sustainable ways of using economic resources in Kenya
- Explain principles of sustainable resource use
- Practice sustainable use of economic resources

- Brainstorm and present sustainable ways of using economic resources in Kenya
- Discuss examples of sustainable and unsustainable resource use
- Create awareness posters on sustainable resource use

How can economic resources be used sustainably?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 47
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Chart papers
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 48
- Case studies
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 50
- Sample metallic materials
- Reference books

- Question and answer - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Magnetism
Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Conductivity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine magnetism as a property of metallic materials
- Test different metals for magnetic properties
- Appreciate the magnetic properties of metals

- Perform practical activities to examine the magnetism of metallic materials
- Test steel, aluminum, and copper for magnetic properties
- Record observations in a table format

Why are metallic materials important in day-to-day life?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 51
- Sample metallic materials
- Magnets
- Data recording sheets
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 52
- Conductivity testing equipment
- Safety gear

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Other physical properties
Metallic Materials - Uses of steel

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe physical properties of metallic materials
- Compare properties of different metals
- Show interest in examining material properties

- Discuss the physical properties of metallic materials
- Compare the weight, color, and texture of different metals
- Create a properties chart for steel, aluminum, and copper

How do physical properties determine the uses of metals?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 53
- Sample metallic materials
- Testing tools
- Reference materials
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 54
- Sample steel products
- Digital resources

- Question and answer - Practical assessment - Written test

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Uses of aluminum and copper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate aluminum and copper to their uses
- Identify products made from aluminum and copper
- Appreciate the unique properties of these metals

- Identify products made from aluminum and copper
- Create a poster matching these metals to their uses
- Discuss why certain products are made from specific metals

Why are aluminum and copper preferred for specific applications?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 55
- Sample aluminum and copper products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Applications in local environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify uses of metallic materials in the local environment
- Explain how metallic properties determine their uses
- Value the importance of metals in daily life

- Visit local environments to identify metallic materials in use
- Discuss the relationship between properties and applications
- Create a presentation on local uses of metallic materials

How do metallic materials contribute to our local infrastructure?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 55
- Digital cameras
- Field notebooks
- Presentation materials

- Practical assessment - Presentation assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Creating charts and posters
Metallic Materials - Online research and presentations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create informative charts about metallic materials
- Present information on metals clearly and accurately
- Show creativity in presenting information

- Create charts showing properties of metallic materials
- Design posters matching metals to their uses
- Present charts and posters to the class

How can we effectively communicate information about metallic materials?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 55
- Chart papers
- Art supplies
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Presentation software

- Practical assessment - Presentation assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Types of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify non-metallic materials found in the locality
- Explain the meaning of non-metallic materials
- Show interest in non-metallic materials

- Use print or digital media to search for information on non-metallic materials
- Discuss non-metallic materials (wood, stone, plastics, paper, rubber, cement, glass, ceramics)
- Identify non-metallic materials in pictures

What types of non-metallic materials are commonly used?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 56
- Sample non-metallic materials
- Digital resources
- Reference books

- Observation - Question and answer - Written test

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Classification of non-metallic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Color and texture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Categorise non-metallic materials as either synthetic or natural
- Differentiate between natural and synthetic materials
- Appreciate both natural and synthetic materials

- Sort non-metallic materials as either synthetic or natural
- Discuss characteristics of natural and synthetic materials
- Create classification charts for non-metallic materials

What are the differences between natural and synthetic non-metallic materials?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 57
- Sample materials
- Digital resources
- Classification charts
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 58
- Sample non-metallic materials
- Observation tools
- Recording sheets

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Hardness and fire resistance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe hardness and fire resistance of non-metallic materials
- Test materials for these properties
- Show concern for safety during testing

- Perform practical activities to examine the hardness of non-metallic materials
- Test fire resistance of non-metallic materials (with teacher supervision)
- Record and analyze observations

Why is fire resistance important in certain materials?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 59
- Sample non-metallic materials
- Testing tools
- Safety equipment

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of wood and stone

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate wood and stone to their uses in the locality
- Match these materials to appropriate applications
- Appreciate the versatility of these materials

- Match non-metallic materials to their uses in the locality
- Discuss uses of wood and stone in construction and furniture
- Create a poster showing applications of wood and stone

How have wood and stone been used historically and in modern construction?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 60
- Sample wood and stone products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of plastics and rubber
Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of paper, cement, glass, and ceramics
Non-Metallic Materials - Community walk and resource identification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate plastics and rubber to their uses
- Identify products made from these materials
- Show concern for environmental impact of these materials

- Identify products made from plastics and rubber
- Discuss applications based on their properties
- Debate on environmental concerns related to plastic use

What makes plastics and rubber suitable for specific applications?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 61
- Sample plastic and rubber products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 62
- Sample products
- Field notebooks
- Digital cameras
- Mapping materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test