Numbers

Whole Numbers - Place value and total value of digits up to tens of thousands

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use place value of digits up to tens of thousands in daily life situations.
- Show interest in using place value in solving day to day activities.

- In pairs/groups, learners identify place value of numbers up to tens of thousands using place value apparatus.
-Learners practice identifying total values of digits up to ten thousand.

What do you consider when writing numbers in words?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 1
- Place value apparatus
- Number charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Total value of digits up to tens of thousands
Whole Numbers - Reading and writing numbers up to 10,000 in symbols
Whole Numbers - Reading and writing numbers up to 1,000 in words

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify total values of digits up to tens of thousands in daily life situations.
- Show interest in identifying total values of digits.

- In pairs, learners use place value charts to identify total values of digits up to ten thousand.
-Learners practice writing a 5-digit number and identifying the total value of each digit in the number.

Why do we determine the place value of a digit in a number?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 5
- Place value apparatus
- Place value charts
- Number cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 6
- Number charts
- Abacus
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 9
- Flash cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Ordering numbers up to 1,000
Whole Numbers - Rounding off numbers up to 1,000 to the nearest ten

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Order numbers up to 1,000 in different situations.
- Appreciate ordering numbers in daily life situations.

- In pairs, learners arrange numbers up to 1,000 from smallest to largest and largest to smallest using number cards and share with others.
-Learners practice ordering different sets of numbers.

Why do we need to order numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 12
- Number cards
- Number charts
- Number line
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 13
- Number line
- Measuring tools

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Factors of numbers up to 50
Whole Numbers - Multiples of numbers up to 100
Whole Numbers - Multiples of numbers 6 to 10

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors of numbers up to 50 in different contexts.
- Appreciate the use of factors in real life situations.

- In groups, learners identify factors/divisors of numbers up to 50 and share with others.
-Learners practice writing all the pairs of factors for different numbers.

How do we identify factors of a number?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 16
- Multiplication tables
- Number cards
- Counters
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 19
- Number charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 20

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Even and odd numbers up to 100

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use even and odd numbers up to 100 in different situations.
- Develop interest in identifying even and odd numbers.

- In groups, learners identify even and odd numbers up to 100 and share with others.
-Learners practice arranging bottle tops in pairs to identify even and odd numbers.

How can you distinguish between even and odd numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 20
- Bottle tops
- Number cards
- Number charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Patterns involving even and odd numbers
Whole Numbers - Roman numerals up to X

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Make patterns involving even and odd numbers in real life situations.
- Appreciate patterns in mathematics.

- In pairs, learners use number cards to make patterns involving even and odd numbers.
-Learners practice creating and extending number patterns.

How do you make number patterns involving even and odd numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 21
- Number cards
- Number charts
- Digital devices
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 22
- Flash cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Addition up to two 4-digit numbers with single regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add up to two 4-digit numbers with single regrouping up to a sum of 10,000 in different situations.
- Show interest in addition of numbers.

- In groups, learners add up to two 4-digit numbers with single regrouping up to a sum of 10,000 using number cards, charts or place value apparatus.
-Learners practice solving addition problems with single regrouping.

When do you use addition in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 23
- Number cards
- Place value charts
- Place value apparatus

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Addition of 4-digit to 2-digit numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add a 4-digit number to a 2-digit number with regrouping.
- Appreciate addition in solving day to day problems.

- In groups, learners practice adding 4-digit numbers to 2-digit numbers using place value charts.
-Learners solve real-life problems involving addition of 4-digit and 2-digit numbers.

How can addition help us solve daily problems?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 25
- Number cards
- Place value charts
- Place value apparatus

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Addition of 4-digit to 3-digit numbers
Addition - Addition up to two 4-digit numbers with double regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add a 4-digit number to a 3-digit number with regrouping.
- Show interest in addition of numbers.

- In pairs, learners practice adding 4-digit numbers to 3-digit numbers using place value charts.
-Learners solve word problems involving addition of 4-digit and 3-digit numbers.

How do you regroup when adding numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 26
- Number cards
- Place value charts
- Place value apparatus
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 27

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Estimating sum by rounding off numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate sum by rounding off numbers to the nearest ten in different situations.
- Appreciate estimating sums in daily life.

- In groups, learners discuss and estimate sum by rounding off numbers to the nearest ten in different situations.
-Learners practice estimating answers before calculating exact answers.

Why do we estimate sums in mathematics?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 28
- Number charts
- Number cards
- Number line

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Estimating sums of 3-digit and 4-digit numbers
Addition - Creating patterns involving addition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate sums of 3-digit and 4-digit numbers by rounding off.
- Develop interest in estimation.

- In pairs, learners practice estimating sums of 3-digit and 4-digit numbers by rounding off to the nearest ten.
-Learners compare estimated answers with actual answers.

Why is estimation important in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 29
- Number charts
- Number cards
- Number line
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 30
- Digital devices
- Number charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Addition - Solving word problems involving addition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve word problems involving addition.
- Appreciate addition in real life situations.

- In groups, learners discuss and solve word problems involving addition.
-Learners create their own word problems involving addition.

How can we apply addition to solve real life problems?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 32
- Number cards
- Place value charts
- Word problem cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Subtraction - Subtraction up to 4-digit numbers without regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract up to 4-digit numbers without regrouping in real life situations.
- Develop interest in subtraction of numbers.

- In groups, learners subtract numbers up to 4-digit numbers without regrouping using place value apparatus prepared from locally available materials.
-Learners practice solving subtraction problems.

When do you need to subtract without regrouping?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 33
- Place value apparatus
- Number cards
- Number charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Subtraction - Subtraction of a 2-digit number from a 4-digit number
Subtraction - Subtraction of a 3-digit number from a 4-digit number

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract a 2-digit number from a 4-digit number without regrouping.
- Show interest in subtraction of numbers.

- In pairs, learners practice subtracting 2-digit numbers from 4-digit numbers without regrouping.
-Learners solve real-life problems involving subtraction.

How do you subtract a 2-digit number from a 4-digit number?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 34
- Place value apparatus
- Number cards
- Number charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 35

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Subtraction - Subtraction up to 4-digit numbers with regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract up to 4-digit numbers with regrouping in real life situations.
- Show interest in subtraction of numbers.

- In pairs, learners subtract up to 4-digit numbers with regrouping using number cards.
-Learners practice solving subtraction problems with regrouping.

How do you subtract numbers with regrouping?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 35
- Place value apparatus
- Number cards
- Number charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Subtraction - Subtraction with double regrouping
Subtraction - Estimating difference by rounding off numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract 4-digit numbers with double regrouping.
- Appreciate subtraction in real life situations.

- In groups, learners practice subtracting 4-digit numbers with double regrouping.
-Learners solve word problems requiring double regrouping.

Why is regrouping important in subtraction?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 36
- Place value apparatus
- Number cards
- Number charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 38
- Number line
- Number charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Subtraction - Estimating differences between 3-digit and 4-digit numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate differences between 3-digit and 4-digit numbers by rounding off.
- Show interest in estimation.

- In pairs, learners practice estimating differences between 3-digit and 4-digit numbers by rounding off to the nearest ten.
-Learners compare estimated answers with actual answers.

Why do we estimate differences in calculations?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 39
- Number line
- Number charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Subtraction - Creating patterns involving subtraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create patterns involving subtraction from up to 10,000.
- Appreciate application of subtraction of numbers in real life situations.

- In groups, learners generate patterns involving subtraction of numbers up to 10,000.
-In pairs or groups, learners play games involving subtraction using digital device or other resources.

How do you create patterns involving subtraction?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 40
- Number cards
- Digital devices
- Number charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of up to 2-digit number by multiples of 10
Multiplication - Multiplication of 1-digit number by multiples of 10

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply up to a two-digit number by multiples of 10 in different situations.
- Show interest in multiplication of numbers.

- In pairs, learners multiply 2-digit number by multiples of 10 using number cards.
-Learners practice solving multiplication problems involving multiples of 10.

When do you use multiplication in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 43
- Number cards
- Multiplication tables
- Digital devices
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 44

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 1-digit without regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number without regrouping.
- Develop interest in multiplication.

- In pairs, learners practice multiplying 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without regrouping.
-Learners use counters to demonstrate multiplication.

How can we multiply a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 45
- Number cards
- Counters
- Multiplication tables

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 1-digit with regrouping
Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 2-digit without regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number with regrouping.
- Show interest in multiplication.

- In groups, learners practice multiplying 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers with regrouping.
-Learners solve word problems involving multiplication.

Why do we regroup in multiplication?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 46
- Number cards
- Counters
- Multiplication tables
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 45
- Multiplication tables
- Multiplication charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Multiplication of 2-digit by 2-digit with regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply up to a two-digit number by two-digit number with regrouping.
- Develop interest in multiplication of numbers.

- In pairs or groups, learners multiply up to a two-digit number by two-digit number with regrouping and prepare a corresponding multiplication chart.
-Learners practice solving multiplication problems.

Why do we regroup when multiplying numbers?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 47
- Counters
- Multiplication tables
- Multiplication charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Estimating products by rounding off numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate products by rounding off numbers to the nearest 10 with product not exceeding 1,000.
- Appreciate estimating products in daily life.

- In groups, learners estimate and work out product by rounding off numbers to the nearest ten with product not exceeding 1,000.
-Learners practice estimating answers before calculating exact answers.

Why do we estimate products in mathematics?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 48
- Number line
- Number charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Multiplication - Creating patterns involving multiplication
Division - Division of 2-digit by 1-digit without remainder

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create patterns involving multiplication with product not exceeding 100.
- Appreciate application of multiplication of numbers in real life situation.

- In groups, learners generate patterns involving multiplication with products not exceeding 100 and prepare multiplication charts using locally available materials.
-In groups, learners play digital games on multiplication.

How do you create patterns involving multiplication?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 50
- Multiplication charts
- Digital devices
- Number cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 52
- Number cards
- Division charts
- Counters

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Division as equal sharing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide objects into equal groups.
- Appreciate division as equal sharing.

- In groups, learners share objects equally among themselves.
-Learners practice dividing objects into equal groups and recording the results.

How is division related to equal sharing?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 53
- Counters
- Bottle tops
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Division as equal grouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide objects into equal groups.
- Show interest in division as equal grouping.

- In groups, learners arrange objects into equal groups.
-Learners practice forming equal groups and recording the results.

How is division related to equal grouping?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 54
- Counters
- Bottle tops
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Division of 2-digit by 1-digit with remainder
Division - Using long form of division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number with remainder.
- Show interest in division of numbers.

- In groups, learners carry out division up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number with remainder and prepare division charts.
-Learners practice solving division problems with remainders.

How do you deal with remainders when dividing?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 54
- Number cards
- Division charts
- Counters
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 56

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Relationship between multiplication and division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate multiplication of numbers to division of same numbers in different situations.
- Appreciate the relationship between multiplication and division.

- In groups, learners carry out division and multiplication of same numbers to establish relationship between multiplication and division. Discuss and share their results with other groups.
-Learners practice relating multiplication and division facts.

How are multiplication and division related?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 57
- Multiplication tables
- Division charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Division - Solving word problems involving division
Division - Using digital resources for division

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve word problems involving division.
- Show interest in application of division.

- In groups, learners discuss and solve word problems involving division.
-Learners create their own word problems involving division.

How can we apply division to solve real life problems?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 59
- Number cards
- Division charts
- Word problem cards
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 60
- Digital devices
- Calculator
- Educational apps

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Centimetre as a unit of measuring length
Length - Measuring length in centimetres
Length - Estimating and measuring length in centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the centimetre as a unit of measuring length in real life situations.
- Show interest in using centimetre as a unit of measurement.

- In groups, learners identify the centimetre and mark out lengths of one centimetre using a ruler.
-Learners identify items whose lengths can be measured in centimetres.

How can you measure distance?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 91
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Objects for measurement
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 92
- Various classroom objects
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 94
- Various objects

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Relationship between metres and centimetres
Length - Converting metres to centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Establish the relationship between metres and centimetres practically.
- Show interest in the relationship between units of length.

- In groups, learners measure length of objects in classrooms in metres and centimetres and establish the relationship between the units.
-Learners practice comparing measurements in different units.

How are metres and centimetres related?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 95
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- String
- Measuring tape
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 96
- Conversion tables

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Converting centimetres to metres
Length - Perimeter of plane figures
Length - Addition involving length in metres and centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert centimetres to metres in real life situation.
- Show interest in conversion of units.

- In pairs, learners convert centimetres into metres using whole numbers, decimals or fractions in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting measurements from centimetres to metres.

When would you need to convert centimetres to metres?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 97
- Metre ruler
- Conversion tables
- Measuring tape
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 98
- Ruler
- Shape cutouts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 99
- Tape measure
- Number cards
- Place value chart

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Subtraction involving length in metres and centimetres
Length - Multiplication involving metres and centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out subtraction involving length in metres and centimetres in real life situations.
- Appreciate subtraction of length measurements.

- In groups, learners calculate subtraction involving metres and centimetres.
-Learners practice solving real-life problems involving subtraction of length measurements.

When do you need to subtract lengths in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 102
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Number cards
- Place value chart
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 104

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Length - Division involving metres and centimetres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Carryout division involving metres and centimetres in real life situations.
- Appreciate division of length measurements.

- In pairs, learners work out division involving metres and centimetres.
-Learners practice solving real-life problems involving division of length measurements.

How can division help us with length measurements?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 105
- Metre ruler
- Tape measure
- Number cards
- Place value chart

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Comparing area of surfaces by direct manipulation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare the area of given surfaces by direct manipulation.
- Show interest in comparing areas of surfaces.

- In groups, learners compare area of two surfaces directly by placing one surface on the other.
-Learners practice comparing areas of different surfaces by direct manipulation.

How do you work out area of different surfaces?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 106
- Paper cutouts
- Different shapes
- Objects with flat surfaces

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Calculating area by counting unit squares
Area - Area of a square by counting unit squares

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of squares and rectangles by counting unit squares.
- Develop interest in calculating area.

- In pairs, learners use different unit square cut outs to cover a given surface.
-In groups, learners count the number of unit square cut outs prepared from locally available materials to cover the surface.

What is a unit square and how is it used?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 108
- Unit square cutouts
- Grid paper
- Locally available materials
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 109
- Square shapes
- Grid paper

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Area of a rectangle by counting unit squares

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of rectangles by counting unit squares.
- Appreciate calculating area in real life.

- In groups, learners use unit square cutouts to cover rectangular surfaces.
-Learners practice counting unit squares to find area of rectangles.

How do you find the area of a rectangle?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 110
- Unit square cutouts
- Rectangular shapes
- Grid paper

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Area of squares as product of rows and columns
Area - Area of rectangles as product of rows and columns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of squares as a product of number of rows and columns.
- Show interest in calculating area of squares.

- In pairs, learners establish area of a square is same as number of rows multiplied by number of columns.
-Learners practice calculating area of squares using rows and columns.

How is multiplying rows by columns related to area?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 112
- Grid paper
- Square shapes
- Unit square cutouts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 113
- Rectangular shapes

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Area - Finding area of squares and rectangles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate area of squares and rectangles using different methods.
- Appreciate use of rows and columns in calculating area of squares and rectangles in real life situations.

- In groups, learners calculate area of various squares and rectangles using rows and columns.
-In pairs, learners play games involving area of rectangles and squares using digital devices and other resources.

How can we find the area of shapes in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 115
- Grid paper
- Digital devices
- Square and rectangular shapes

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Piling objects into stacks of cubes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Pile objects into stacks of cubes in real life situations.
- Show interest in piling objects.

- In groups, learners discuss and carefully arrange blocks or objects on top of each other into cuboid and cube shape.
-Learners practice stacking objects or blocks to form cubes and cuboids of different sizes.

Where do we apply the volume of cubes and cuboids in real life situations?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 118
- Cubes
- Cuboids
- Building blocks

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Piling objects into stacks of cuboids
Volume - Working out volume of cuboids by piling blocks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Pile objects into stacks of cuboids in real life situations.
- Appreciate piling objects in real life.

- In groups, learners arrange and pile objects to form cuboids of different sizes.
-Learners use matchboxes to build different stacks of cuboids.

How can we use stacking to understand volume?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 119
- Matchboxes
- Building blocks
- Cuboid shapes
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 120
- Unit cubes
- Matchboxes

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Working out volume of cubes by piling blocks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate the volume of cubes by piling blocks to form a cube.
- Appreciate volume of cubes in real life.

- In groups, learners count the number of objects in the pile that makes a cube to determine the volume.
-Learners practice calculating volume of different cubes by counting blocks.

How do you find the volume of a cube?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 121
- Unit cubes
- Building blocks
- Matchboxes

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Volume - Volume of cubes and cuboids
Capacity - Measuring capacity in litres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate volume of cubes and cuboids.
- Appreciate use of pilling method in working out volume in real life.

- In pairs, learners use digital devices or other resources to safely play games involving stacking blocks to form cubes and cuboids.
-Learners practice calculating volume of different cubes and cuboids.

How do we calculate volume in real life situations?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 123
- Digital devices
- Unit cubes
- Building blocks
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 125
- 1 litre container
- Various containers
- Water

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Making litre containers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Make and use litre containers in measuring capacity.
- Appreciate importance of standard units in measurement.

- In pairs, learners make litre containers from locally available materials through filling and emptying the container with substances such as water or sand using a 1 litre container.
-Learners use their containers to measure capacity of other containers.

Why do we need standard units of measurement?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 126
- 1 litre container
- Locally available materials
- Water or sand

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Measuring capacity in ½ litres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Measure capacity in ½ litres in real life situations.
- Show interest in measuring capacity in ½ litres.

- In pairs, learners make ½ litre containers from locally available materials through filling and emptying the container with substances such as water or sand using a 1 litre container.
-In groups, learners use ½ litre containers to measure capacity of other containers.

When would you measure capacity in ½ litres?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 127
- 1 litre container
- ½ litre container
- Various containers
- Water or sand

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Measuring capacity in ¼ litres
Capacity - Addition of capacity in litres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Measure capacity in ¼ litres in real life situations.
- Appreciate measuring capacity in ¼ litres.

- Learners make ¼ litre containers through filling and emptying using a 1 litre container.
-In groups, learners use ¼ litre containers to measure capacity of other containers.

How are ¼ litres related to litres?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 128
- 1 litre container
- ¼ litre container
- Various containers
- Water or sand
- Containers of known capacity
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Subtraction of capacity in litres

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out subtraction of capacity in litres in real life situations.
- Appreciate subtraction of capacity.

- Subtract capacity involving litres in real life situations.
-Learners practice solving problems involving subtraction of capacity.

When do we need to subtract capacity measurements in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 130
- Containers of known capacity
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Capacity - Using digital devices for capacity
Mass - Using a kilogram mass to measure mass of objects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use digital devices to learn about capacity.
- Appreciate use of the litre as a unit of measuring capacity in real life situations.

- In pairs, learners play games involving capacity using containers of different capacities or digital devices for digital games.
-Learners practice solving problems involving capacity using digital tools.

How can technology help us learn about capacity?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 131
- Digital devices
- Digital games
- Educational apps
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 132
- 1 kg mass
- Beam balance
- Various objects

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Using ½ kg masses to measure mass of objects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use ½ kg masses to measure masses of different objects practically.
- Appreciate measuring mass using different units.

- In pairs, learners make a ½ kg mass and use it to measure mass of given objects using a beam balance.
-Learners practice measuring mass of different objects using ½ kg masses.

When would you measure mass in ½ kg?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 133
- ½ kg mass
- Beam balance
- Various objects
- Sand or soil

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Using ¼ kg masses to measure mass of objects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use ¼ kg masses to measure masses of different objects practically.
- Show interest in measuring mass using ¼ kg masses.

- In groups, learners make a ¼ kg mass and use it to measure mass of given objects using a beam balance and an electronic balance.
-Learners practice measuring mass of different objects using ¼ kg masses.

How are ¼ kg masses related to kg masses?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 134
- ¼ kg mass
- Beam balance
- Electronic balance
- Various objects
- Sand or soil

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Mass in kilogram and ½ kilogram
Mass - Addition of mass in kilograms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate kilograms to ½ kg and ¼ kg.
- Appreciate relationship between units of mass.

- Learners practice converting between kilograms, ½ kg, and ¼ kg.
-Learners solve problems involving conversion between units of mass.

How are different units of mass related?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 135
- 1 kg mass
- ½ kg mass
- ¼ kg mass
- Beam balance
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 136
- Beam balance
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Mass - Subtraction of mass in kilograms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract mass involving kilograms in real life situations.
- Appreciate subtraction of mass measurements.

- In groups, learners subtract mass involving kilograms (kg).
-Learners practice solving problems involving subtraction of mass.

When do we need to subtract mass measurements in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 137
- Beam balance
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Reading and telling time in a.m. and p.m.
Time - Estimating time using a.m. and p.m.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read and tell time in a.m. and p.m. in real life situations.
- Show interest in reading and telling time.

- In pairs, learners read and tell time in a.m. and p.m. using digital and analogue clocks.
-Learners practice identifying different times of the day.

How do we differentiate between a.m. and p.m.?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 138
- Analogue clocks
- Digital clocks
- Time charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 139
- Objects that cast shadows

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Converting hours to minutes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert hours to minutes in real life situations.
- Show interest in conversion of units of time.

- In groups, learners change hours to minutes in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting from hours to minutes.

Why do we need to convert between units of time?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 141
- Analogue clocks
- Digital clocks
- Time conversion charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Converting minutes to hours

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert minutes to hours in real life situations.
- Appreciate conversion of units of time.

- In groups, learners change minutes to hours in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting from minutes to hours.

When would you convert minutes to hours?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 142
- Analogue clocks
- Digital clocks
- Time conversion charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Converting days into hours
Time - Converting hours into days

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert days into hours in real life situations.
- Show interest in conversion between days and hours.

- In groups, learners change days to hours in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting from days to hours.

How many hours are there in a day?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 143
- Time conversion charts
- Calendars
- Number line

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Converting weeks into days

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert weeks into days in real life situations.
- Show interest in conversion between weeks and days.

- In groups, learners change weeks to days in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting from weeks to days.

How many days are there in a week?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 144
- Time conversion charts
- Calendars
- Number line

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Converting days into weeks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert days into weeks in real life situations.
- Appreciate conversion between days and weeks.

- In groups, learners change days to weeks in real life situations.
-Learners practice converting from days to weeks.

When would you convert days to weeks?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 145
- Time conversion charts
- Calendars
- Number line

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Recording time durations in hours and minutes
Time - Addition of units of time

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Record time durations in hours and minutes in real life situations.
- Show interest in recording time durations.

- In groups, learners measure and record duration of events in hours and minutes using digital and analogue clocks.
-Learners practice recording time taken to complete various activities.

Why do we need to record time durations?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 146
- Stopwatch
- Digital watches
- Analogue clocks
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 147
- Clocks
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Subtraction of units of time

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out subtraction involving units of time in real life situations.
- Show interest in subtraction of time durations.

- In groups, learners work out subtraction involving units of time in real life situations.
-Learners practice solving problems involving subtraction of time.

When do we need to subtract time in real life?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 149
- Clocks
- Number cards
- Place value charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Time - Using digital clock
Money - Converting shillings into cents

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use digital clock to tell and record time of different activities.
- Appreciate time in day to day activities.

- In groups, learners discuss, tell and record time using electronic clock.
-Learners practice reading and using digital clocks.

What are the advantages of digital clocks?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 150
- Digital clocks
- Electronic watches
- Digital devices
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 151
- Real/imitation money
- Conversion charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Money - Converting cents into shillings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert cents into shillings in different contexts.
- Appreciate conversion between units of money.

- Learners in pairs/groups discuss and convert cents into shillings using real/imitation money in different contexts.
-Learners practice converting from cents to shillings.

When would you convert cents to shillings?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 152
- Real/imitation money
- Conversion charts
- Number cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Money - Preparing a shopping list of three items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Prepare a shopping list of three items in real life situation.
- Show interest in preparing shopping lists.

- Learners in pairs/groups are guided on how to come up with a shopping list of food items that they may require at school or at home.
-Learners practice creating shopping lists for different occasions.

Why do we prepare shopping list?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 153
- Price lists
- Shopping catalogs
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement

Money - Working out total cost of items
Money - Preparing a class model shop

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Work out total cost of items in the shopping list for value not more ten thousand shillings.
- Appreciate using money in day to day activities.

- Learners in groups/individually calculate the total cost of items in the shopping list.
-Learners practice calculating total cost of different combinations of items.

How do we calculate the total cost of items?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 153
- Price lists
- Shopping catalogs
- Calculator
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 154
- Empty containers
- Price tags
- Imitation money

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurement
GEOMETRY

Money - Role playing shopping activities
Position and Direction - Clockwise and anti-clockwise turns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Role play as a buyer and seller in a shopping activity.
- Appreciate the use of money in real life situation.

- Learners take video clips of their groups as they role shopping activities.
-Learners practice being buyers and sellers in shopping role plays.

Why is it important to learn about shopping?

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 155
- Class model shop
- Imitation money
- Digital devices
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 156
- Clock faces
- Digital devices for digital games

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

GEOMETRY

Position and Direction - Clockwise and anti-clockwise turns
Position and Direction - Quarter, half and full turns
Position and Direction - Quarter, half and full turns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you change your position?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify an anti-clockwise turn in the environment
- Demonstrate an anti-clockwise turn in the environment
- Appreciate the use of turns in daily life

- Learners stand in a circle and take turns to move in anti-clockwise direction - Learners practice making anti-clockwise turns from different positions in the classroom - In groups, learners move from their desks to the door while making anti-clockwise turns - Learners identify daily activities involving anti-clockwise turns

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 156
- Clock faces
- Digital devices for digital games
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 157
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 158

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Angles - Angles at points in lines
Angles - Angles from objects
Angles - Relating turns to angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How do we use angles in daily life?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify an angle at a point in lines
- Recognize angles made by two lines meeting at a point
- Value angles as part of daily life

- In groups, learners hold two pencils together and move one pencil to create a space between them, forming an angle - Learners discuss and recognize angles made by two lines that meet at a point using charts with different lines - Learners copy and color angles in provided diagrams - Learners identify angles from their environment

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 160
- Pencils, rulers
- Angle representations
- Charts showing angles
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 161
- Books, paper
- Cubes, cuboids
- Angle charts
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 162
- Rulers
- Books, doors
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Angles - Relating turns to angles
Plane Figures - Identifying shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How do we use angles in daily life?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Relate clockwise half turns to angles
- Use digital devices to learn about angles
- Appreciate the use of angles in real life situations

- Learners practice making half turns and relate them to angles formed - In groups, learners use digital devices to play games involving angles - Learners identify angles in the environment and classify them based on turns - Learners draw angles formed by half turns

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 162
- Digital devices
- Angle charts
- Clock faces
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 163
- Shape cut-outs
- Objects of different shapes
- Pictures showing shapes

- Observation - Written assessment - Oral questions

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Identifying shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify triangles, circles and ovals from objects in the environment
- Draw shapes of triangles, circles and ovals
- Develop creativity in drawing shapes

- In groups, learners trace shapes of objects like matchboxes, circular tins, cups, coins on paper - Learners sketch shapes of triangles, circles and ovals in their books - Learners trace and draw objects with specific shapes - Learners identify and classify objects based on their shapes

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 164
- Objects of different shapes
- Paper for tracing
- Drawing materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Project work

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Lines of symmetry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify lines of symmetry in rectangles and squares
- Fold shapes to find lines of symmetry
- Appreciate symmetry in shapes

- Learners take rectangular cut-outs and fold along both longer and shorter sides to identify lines of symmetry - Learners take square cut-outs and fold in different ways to identify the four lines of symmetry - Learners trace the square base of different objects, cut them out and fold to obtain lines of symmetry - Learners trace rectangular sides of boxes, cut them out and fold to obtain lines of symmetry

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 165
- Rectangular and square cut-outs
- Objects with rectangular and square faces
- Paper, scissors
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 166
- Triangular, circular and oval cut-outs
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Making patterns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Make patterns using squares and rectangles
- Create original patterns using shapes
- Show creativity in making patterns

- In groups, learners obtain cut-outs in the shapes of squares and rectangles - Learners use the cut-outs to make different patterns - Learners copy, complete and color patterns provided - Learners create their own patterns using squares and rectangles - Learners display and discuss patterns created by different groups

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 167
- Shape cut-outs
- Coloring materials
- Digital devices

- Observation - Project work - Peer assessment

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Making patterns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Make patterns using triangles
- Create original patterns combining different shapes
- Appreciate the beauty of patterns in the environment

- Learners obtain triangle cut-outs of different sizes - Learners use the triangle cut-outs to make different patterns - Learners create patterns combining squares, rectangles and triangles - Learners copy, complete and color patterns provided - Learners use digital devices to learn about plane figures and make patterns

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 167
- Triangle cut-outs
- Coloring materials
- Digital devices

- Observation - Project work - Peer assessment

GEOMETRY

Plane Figures - Properties of shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you make patterns using shapes?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify properties of squares and rectangles
- Measure sides of shapes to determine their properties
- Appreciate the differences between shapes

- Learners measure sides of squares and compare lengths to establish that all sides are equal - Learners compare angles in squares using a right-angled corner to establish that all angles are equal - Learners measure sides of rectangles to establish that opposite sides are equal - Learners compare angles in rectangles to establish that all angles are equal - Learners identify and discuss the properties of squares and rectangles

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 168
- Squares and rectangles of different sizes
- Rulers
- Right-angled corners
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 169
- Triangles of different types
- Circular objects

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assessment

DATA HANDLING

Data - Materials for data collection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you represent data?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Identify materials for data collection and recording
- Select appropriate materials for data collection
- Show interest in collecting data from the environment

- In groups, learners identify different materials used for data collection such as chalkboard rulers, exercise books for drawing tables, and textbooks - Learners discuss what materials would be used to measure different items like height of learners, mass of learners, temperature, etc. - Learners gather resources from the immediate classroom environment for data collection - Learners discuss the importance of appropriate materials for data collection

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 171
- Rulers
- Tape measures
- Weighing scales
- Thermometers
- Exercise books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercises

DATA HANDLING

Data - Collecting data
Data - Organizing data

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you represent data?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Collect data of at most 10 items within the school environment
- Organize collected data systematically
- Appreciate the importance of data collection

- In groups of 10, learners write their favorite fruits on cards - Learners collect the cards and arrange them according to the type of fruit - In groups, learners collect information on the number of family members for each learner - Learners collect data on shoe sizes, favorite foods, games, and colors - Learners measure and record the height of each learner in centimeters

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 171
- Cards
- Pencils
- Tape measure
- Rulers
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 172
- Data collected from previous lesson
- Charts
- Exercise books

- Observation - Practical activities - Written assignments

DATA HANDLING

Data - Drawing tables for recording data

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you represent data?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Draw a table for recording data
- Understand the structure of data tables
- Show interest in organizing data in tables

- In groups of 10, learners write their favorite colors on cards - Learners collect all the cards and sort them by color - Learners count the number of cards for each color - Learners draw tables with appropriate columns for recording the data - Learners discuss the importance of tables in organizing data

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 173
- Cards
- Exercise books
- Rulers
- Pencils

- Observation - Written exercises - Oral questions

DATA HANDLING

Data - Recording data in tables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you represent data?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Record data in tables
- Enter collected data correctly in tables
- Value accuracy in data recording

- Learners use tables to record data from science test scores - Learners record data about favorite colors, games, and beverages in tables - Learners create tables showing information and number of learners - Learners discuss and display their tables to the class - Learners use digital devices to create tables

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 174
- Exercise books
- Rulers
- Data collected previously
- Digital devices

- Observation - Written assignments - Project work

DATA HANDLING

Data - Recording data using tally marks
Data - Recording data in tables
Data - Interpreting data from tables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
How can you represent data?

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
- Use tally marks to record data
- Create tables with tally mark columns
- Show interest in using tally marks

- Learners learn how to use tally marks to represent the number of times something appears - Learners measure heights of group members and record using tally marks - Learners use tally marks to record data on shoe sizes, pencil lengths, and grades - Learners discuss the convenience of using tally marks in data recording - Learners convert tally marks to numerical values

KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 174
- Exercise books
- Rulers
- Tape measures
- Data collected previously
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 175
- Previously collected data
KLB Mathematics Grade 4 Learner's Book pg. 176
- Tables with data
- Digital devices
- Previously created tables

- Observation - Written exercises - Oral questions