Conservation of Resources

Soil Conservation Measures - Methods of soil conservation in the agricultural environment
Soil Conservation Measures - Understanding strip cropping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe methods of soil conservation in the agricultural environment
- Use digital or print media to search for information on methods of conserving soil in the agricultural environment 
- Show interest in learning about soil conservation measures

- Use digital or print media to search for information on methods of conserving soil in the agricultural environment
- Study photographs showing methods of soil conservation
- Discuss and take notes of the information found
- Share findings with the class about soil conservation methods

How can we conserve soil in the agricultural environment?

- Photographs showing soil conservation methods
- camera/smartphone
- Charts showing strip cropping

- Observation  - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Soil Conservation Measures - Understanding grassed waterways
Soil Conservation Measures - Understanding stone lines

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain what grassed waterways are
- Visit a place where soil conservation is practiced
- Show curiosity in learning about grassed waterways

- Visit a place where soil conservation is practiced
- Identify the soil conservation activities carried out
- Share observations about grassed waterways
- Suggest soil conservation activities for the school environment

How do grassed waterways prevent soil erosion?

- Charts showing grassed waterway
- Photographs showing stone lines

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Soil Conservation Measures - Understanding trash lines
Soil Conservation Measures - Understanding soil bunds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain what trash lines are
- Explore how trash lines improve soil fertility when they decompose 
- Appreciate the use of crop residues in soil conservation

- Study how trash lines are made
- Discuss how trash lines prevent soil erosion
- Explore how trash lines improve soil fertility when they decompose
- Share observations with the class

How do trash lines help in soil conservation and fertility improvement?

- Photographs showing trash lines

- Photographs showing soil bunds

 Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Soil Conservation Measures - Making stone lines

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how to make stone lines
- Apply knowledge of stone lines to conserve soil
- Show responsibility in conserving soil

- Collect stones for making stone lines
- Carry stones to the garden experiencing soil loss
- Pile stones along a contour
- Maintain the stone lines by checking and repairing regularly

How can we make stone lines to conserve soil in the school environment?

- Stones
- Wheelbarrow
- Garden gloves
- Gumboots

- Observation - Project work

Conservation of Resources

Soil Conservation Measures - Making trash lines
Soil Conservation Measures - Constructing a farm model showing soil conservation measures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how to make trash lines
- Mark lines along a contour
- Show responsibility in soil conservation

- Collect dry plant materials
- Determine where to locate trash lines
- Mark lines along a contour
- Create heaps of plant material between erected sticks

How can we make trash lines to conserve soil in the school environment?

- Dry plant materials
- Strong sticks
- Garden gloves
- Gumboots
- Cartons
- Cardboards
- Small stones
- Soil
- Papier-mâché

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project work

Conservation of Resources

Soil Conservation Measures - Displaying and explaining the farm model

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Display the farm model
- Explain soil conservation measures shown in the model
- Appreciate the importance of soil conservation 

- Complete the construction of the farm model
- Display the farm model in class
- Explain the soil conservation measures displayed in the farm model
- Invite school community to view the farm model

How can the farm model help in educating others about soil conservation?

- Constructed farm model
- Display area

- Oral presentation - Observation - Peer assessment

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Ways of storing harvested water

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe ways of storing harvested water for domestic use
- List common water storage methods
- Appreciate the importance of proper water storage

- Search for information on how harvested water can be stored for domestic use
- Study photographs showing water storage methods
- Discuss and make summary notes
- Share findings with the class

How can we store harvested water for domestic purposes?

- Digital devices
- Print media with information on water storage
- Photographs showing water storage methods

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Ways of storing harvested water

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe ways of storing harvested water for domestic use
- List common water storage methods
- Appreciate the importance of proper water storage

- Search for information on how harvested water can be stored for domestic use
- Study photographs showing water storage methods
- Discuss and make summary notes
- Share findings with the class

How can we store harvested water for domestic purposes?

- Digital devices
- Print media with information on water storage
- Photographs showing water storage methods

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Shallow water pans

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how shallow water pans are used to store water
- Identify suitable locations for shallow water pans
- Value the role of shallow water pans in water conservation

- Explore the school environment
- Identify areas where water can be harvested
- Discuss how shallow water pans can be constructed and maintained
- Make presentations on water harvesting initiatives

What factors should be considered when constructing shallow water pans?

- Photographs showing shallow water pans
- School environment
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Water ponds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how water ponds are used to store water
- Identify suitable locations for water ponds
- Show interest in water harvesting using ponds

- Explore the school environment
- Identify areas where water ponds can be constructed
- Discuss how water ponds can be constructed and maintained
- Make presentations on water harvesting initiatives

How can water ponds be effective in harvesting and storing water?

- Photographs showing water ponds
- School environment

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Water containers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how various containers are used to store water
- Identify suitable containers for water storage
- Value the importance of proper container selection

- Explore the school environment
- Identify types of containers used for water storage
- Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different containers
- Make presentations on appropriate container selection

What makes a container suitable for water storage?

- Various water containers
- Photographs

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Installing water tanks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate the process of installing a water tank
- Participate in water tank installation or maintenance
- Show responsibility in water harvesting

- Plan the installation of a water tank
- Participate in installing or cleaning water tanks
- Ensure water tanks are protected from damage
- Use harvested water for appropriate purposes

How can we properly install and maintain water tanks?

- Water tank or container
- Tools for installation
- Cleaning materials

 Observation - Project evaluation

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Constructing water ponds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how to construct a water pond
- Participate in water pond construction or maintenance
- Show responsibility in harvesting and storing water

- Design a water pond
- Participate in digging or repairing a pond
- Keep the pond clean and secure
- Use harvested water for appropriate purposes

How can we construct an effective water pond for water storage?

- Tools for digging
- Protective clothing
- School environment

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project evaluation

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Constructing water pans

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how to construct a water pan
- Participate in water pan construction or maintenance
- Show responsibility in water conservation

- Clear vegetation for water pan construction
- Mark out dimensions of the water pan
- Participate in digging or repairing a water pan
- Keep the surrounding environment clean

How can we construct water pans to effectively harvest and store water?

- Tools for digging
- Protective clothing
- School environment

- Observation - Project evaluation

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Maintaining water harvesting structures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of maintaining water harvesting structures
- Carry out maintenance practices for water harvesting structures
- Show responsibility in water conservation

- Check water collection structures regularly
- Repair leaks and clean containers
- Protect water harvesting structures
- Keep areas around water storage structures clean

How can we effectively maintain water harvesting and storage structures?

- Water harvesting structures
- Cleaning materials
- Repair tools

 Observation - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Maintaining water harvesting structures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of maintaining water harvesting structures
- Carry out maintenance practices for water harvesting structures
- Show responsibility in water conservation

- Check water collection structures regularly
- Repair leaks and clean containers
- Protect water harvesting structures
- Keep areas around water storage structures clean

How can we effectively maintain water harvesting and storage structures?

- Water harvesting structures
- Cleaning materials
- Repair tools

 Observation - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Water Harvesting and Storage - Water harvesting and storage initiatives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify water harvesting and storage initiatives for the school
- Implement water harvesting initiatives
- Show responsibility in harvesting and storing water

- Brainstorm on possible water harvesting initiatives
- Outline roles in implementation of initiatives
- Make class presentations on initiatives
- Create an action plan for water harvesting

How can we implement effective water harvesting and storage initiatives in our school?

- School environment
- Chart papers
- Markers

- Oral presentations - Project plans

Food Production Processes

Kitchen and Backyard Gardening - Role of kitchen and backyard gardens

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the role of kitchen and backyard garden in food production
- Use digital or print resources to search for information on kitchen and backyard gardens
- Value the importance of home food production

- Use digital or print resources to search for information on kitchen and backyard gardens
- Study the characteristics of kitchen and backyard gardens
- Discuss the roles of kitchen and backyard gardens
- Share findings with the class

How does kitchen garden contribute to food production?

- Photographs showing kitchen and backyard gardens

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Kitchen and Backyard Gardening - Food production through kitchen and backyard gardening

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the advantages of kitchen and backyard gardening
- List crops suitable for kitchen and backyard gardens
- Appreciate the role of kitchen gardens in poverty eradication

- Study information compiled by other learners on kitchen gardening
- Discuss how kitchen gardens contribute to food production
- Identify different food crops suitable for kitchen gardens
- Share discussions with the class

What are the benefits of having a kitchen or backyard garden?

- Print resources
- Charts showing benefits of kitchen gardens

- Oral questions - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Kitchen and Backyard Gardening - Preparing a garden for planting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan for the preparation of a kitchen or backyard garden
- Select suitable planting site and containers
- Show interest in establishing a kitchen or backyard garden

- Discuss how to prepare a garden
- Select a suitable garden type (container or ground)
- Select a site with adequate sunlight and good drainage
- Make a list of required materials and tools

How do we prepare a suitable site for a kitchen or backyard garden?

- Garden tools
- Containers
- School environment

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment

Food Production Processes

Kitchen and Backyard Gardening - Establishing crops in kitchen or backyard garden

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how to prepare and plant a kitchen or backyard garden
- Select appropriate crops for the garden
- Show responsibility in garden preparation

- Prepare the planting site or containers
- Mix soil with compost manure
- Make planting holes or furrows
- Plant seeds or seedlings and water them

How can we establish different crops in a kitchen or backyard garden?

- Jembe
- Panga
- Containers
- Compost manure
- Seeds/seedlings

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project evaluation

Food Production Processes

Kitchen and Backyard Gardening - Crop management in a kitchen or backyard garden

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate different crop management practices
- Apply appropriate crop management techniques
- Show responsibility in caring for garden crops

- Water the crops regularly
- Remove weeds as they appear
- Prune and train climbing crops
- Monitor for pests and diseases
- Harvest mature crops

How can we effectively manage crops in a kitchen or backyard garden?

- Water
- Watering containers
- Garden tools
- Established garden

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project evaluation

Food Production Processes

Kitchen and Backyard Gardening - Crop management in a kitchen or backyard garden

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate different crop management practices
- Apply appropriate crop management techniques
- Show responsibility in caring for garden crops

- Water the crops regularly
- Remove weeds as they appear
- Prune and train climbing crops
- Monitor for pests and diseases
- Harvest mature crops

How can we effectively manage crops in a kitchen or backyard garden?

- Water
- Watering containers
- Garden tools
- Established garden

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project evaluation

Food Production Processes

Kitchen and Backyard Gardening - Watering and irrigation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate proper watering techniques
- Set up simple irrigation systems
- Show responsibility in water conservation

- Check soil moisture regularly
- Water crops in the morning or evening
- Install drip irrigation bottles for continuous water supply
- Apply mulch to conserve moisture

How can we ensure effective watering while conserving water?

- Watering cans
- Plastic bottles
- Water
- Mulching materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project evaluation

Food Production Processes

Kitchen and Backyard Gardening - Pruning and training crops

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate crop pruning and training techniques
- Apply appropriate pruning methods
- Appreciate the importance of pruning and training crops

- Trim dead or damaged leaves and stems
- Use trellises or stakes for climbing crops
- Train vining plants to grow upward
- Demonstrate proper use of pruning tools

Why is pruning and training important for certain garden crops?

- Pruning knife/scissors
- Stakes
- Trellises
- Garden crops

 Observation - Project evaluation

Food Production Processes

Kitchen and Backyard Gardening - Harvesting and record keeping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate proper harvesting techniques
- Keep records of garden activities and harvest
- Adopt the use of kitchen and backyard garden for food production

- Harvest mature crops regularly
- Prevent crops from bolting
- Record successes and challenges
- Discuss ways to improve gardening skills
- Share gardening experiences

How can we maximize harvest and learn from our gardening experiences?

- Garden crops
- Harvesting tools
- Record book
- Pen/pencil

- Practical assessment - Record evaluation - Oral presentations

Food Production Processes

Kitchen and Backyard Gardening - Sustainable garden practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain sustainable garden practices
- Apply sustainable methods in the garden
- Show responsibility towards the environment

- Apply organic farming methods
- Practice crop rotation
- Use natural pest control
- Recycle garden waste as compost
- Conserve water through efficient irrigation

How can we make our gardens more sustainable?

- Garden
- Organic materials
- Composting area
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Understanding poultry folds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe a fold in poultry rearing
- Search the features of a poultry fold
- Show interest in learning about poultry folds

- Search for video clips or images on poultry folds
- Watch selected video clips showing poultry folds
- Describe the structures of poultry folds
- Share findings with the class

What is a poultry fold and how is it used in poultry rearing?

- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Video clips
- Images of poultry folds

 Oral questions - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Observing poultry folds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of poultry folds
- Visit a poultry farm and observe the folds
- Appreciate the role of poultry folds in poultry management

- Visit a poultry farm to observe poultry folds
- Describe what the poultry folds look like
- Record the materials used to construct the folds
- Share observations with the class

What are the characteristics of an effective poultry fold?

- Poultry farm
- Digital camera/smartphone
- Notebook
- Pen/pencil

- Observation - Written reports

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Observing poultry folds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of poultry folds
- Visit a poultry farm and observe the folds
- Appreciate the role of poultry folds in poultry management

- Visit a poultry farm to observe poultry folds
- Describe what the poultry folds look like
- Record the materials used to construct the folds
- Share observations with the class

What are the characteristics of an effective poultry fold?

- Poultry farm
- Digital camera/smartphone
- Notebook
- Pen/pencil

- Observation - Written reports

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Designing a poultry fold

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Design a poultry fold
- Determine appropriate dimensions for a poultry fold
- Show creativity in designing a poultry fold

- Share ideas about poultry fold designs
- Draw a design of a poultry fold
- Indicate dimensions on the design
- Present the design for feedback

How can we design an effective poultry fold?

- Drawing book or paper
- Pencil
- Ruler
- Examples of poultry fold designs

- Design evaluation - Oral presentations - Peer assessment

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Planning for construction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan the construction of a poultry fold
- List materials needed for construction
- Show responsibility in planning

- Draw a plan of activities for construction
- Distribute responsibilities among group members
- Identify locally available materials for construction
- Present the plan for feedback

How do we prepare for the construction of a poultry fold?

- Paper
- Pen/pencil
- Poultry fold design

- Plan evaluation - Oral presentations - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Constructing a poultry fold (frame)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Make rectangular frames for the poultry fold
- Join frames to form the structure
- Show teamwork in construction

- Make rectangular frames of the same length
- Join the frames side by side using wood pieces
- Continue creating joints until all corners are joined
- Work collaboratively with group members

How do we construct the frame of a poultry fold?

- Wooden pieces
- Nails/screws
- Hammer/screwdriver
- Measuring tape
- Protective gloves

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project evaluation

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Completing the poultry fold

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create a shelter on the fold
- Cover the fold with wire mesh or net
- Enjoy Constructing a poultry fold

- Create a small shelter on one side of the fold
- Make a roof for the shelter
- Cover all sides with wire mesh or net
- Ensure the poultry fold is portable and lightweight

How do we complete the construction of a poultry fold?

- Wire mesh/net
- Roofing material
- Tools for construction
- Protective gloves

 Observation - Project evaluation

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Preparing for poultry rearing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Select appropriate poultry types for rearing
- Prepare for poultry rearing in a fold
- Show responsibility in poultry rearing

- Select a type of poultry for rearing
- Prepare the fold for housing poultry
- Gather the necessary equipment (feeders, waterers)
- Make a plan for poultry management

What preparations are needed before introducing poultry to a fold?

- Constructed poultry fold
- Feeders
- Waterers
- Feed

 Oral questions - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Managing poultry in a fold

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate proper poultry management in a fold
- Apply appropriate rearing practices
- Show responsibility in poultry management

- Move the fold regularly for the poultry to feed
- Provide water regularly
- Maintain sanitation in the fold
- Protect the poultry from predators and harsh weather

How can we effectively manage poultry in a fold?

- Poultry fold with poultry
- Water
- Feed
- Cleaning materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Project evaluation

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Rearing practices for poultry in a fold

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain various poultry rearing practices
- Apply appropriate rearing practices
-Acknowledge importance of rearing  poultry in a fold

- Discuss watering practices for poultry
- Maintain high standards of hygiene
- Implement protection from predators
- Provide shelter during harsh weather

What are the essential rearing practices for poultry in a fold?

- Poultry fold with poultry
- Water
- Feed
- Cleaning materials

Oral questions - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Rearing practices for poultry in a fold

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain various poultry rearing practices
- Apply appropriate rearing practices
-Acknowledge importance of rearing  poultry in a fold

- Discuss watering practices for poultry
- Maintain high standards of hygiene
- Implement protection from predators
- Provide shelter during harsh weather

What are the essential rearing practices for poultry in a fold?

- Poultry fold with poultry
- Water
- Feed
- Cleaning materials

Oral questions - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Benefits of rearing poultry in a fold

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the benefits of rearing poultry in a fold
- Make presentations on advantages over other poultry housing methods
- Appreciate the value of poultry folds

- Discuss the benefits of rearing poultry in a fold
- Compare folds with other poultry housing methods
- Share experiences with poultry rearing in a fold
- Make presentations on the benefits

What are the advantages of rearing poultry in a fold compared to other methods?

- Digital resources
- Print resources
- Charts

- Observation - Oral presentations 

Food Production Processes

Poultry Rearing in a Fold - Ethical practices in poultry rearing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ethical practices in poultry rearing
- Apply ethical principles in poultry management
- Value animal welfare in poultry rearing

- Discuss ethical practices in poultry rearing
- Identify ways to ensure poultry welfare
- Implement ethical poultry management
- Share experiences and observations

Why are ethical practices important in poultry rearing?

- Digital resources
- Print resources
- Charts

 - Oral questions - Written assignments