Natural and Historic Built Environments

Elements of a Map

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the key elements of a map
- appreciate the use of maps in understanding the environment
- desire to learn more about maps

Learners:
- brainstorm in groups the key elements of a map (title, frame, scale, compass, key)
- locate elements of a map in groups, using a sketch map, wall map, atlas and digital maps
- discuss the various areas where maps are used in their daily lives

How do we use maps in our daily lives?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 1
- Wall maps
- Digital maps
- Atlas
- Flash cards
- Pictures showing maps
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 3
- Manila papers
- Colored pencils
- Charts
- Digital devices

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Elements of a Map

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- interpret features in a map using the key elements
- apply knowledge of map elements in reading maps
- value the importance of map elements in interpreting maps

Learners:
- use the key to identify features represented on the map
- use the scale to determine distances between features on the map
- use the compass to determine direction of one feature from another
- identify activities shown on the map using symbols

How do we interpret maps?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 5
- Various types of maps
- Plain paper
- String
- Ruler
- Digital maps
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 7
- Drawing materials
- Rulers
- Manila papers
- Digital devices

- Written tests - Oral questions - Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Elements of a Map
Location, Position and Size of Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the uses of maps in daily life
- apply knowledge of maps in daily activities
- appreciate the use of maps in daily life

Learners:
- discuss the various uses of maps in daily life
- role play situations where maps are used (by pilots, drivers, surveyors)
- use digital devices to search for location of their school and home using Google maps
- play games on elements of a map

Why are maps important in our daily lives?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 9
- Digital devices
- Google Maps
- Playing cards with names of elements of maps
- Atlas
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 10
- Wall map of East Africa
- Manila papers
- Digital maps

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Location, Position and Size of Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- locate the position of Kenya in relation to her neighbors using compass directions
- draw maps indicating Kenya's position in relation to neighbors
- value Kenya's geographical position

Learners:
- locate Kenya on the map of East Africa
- describe the position of Kenya in relation to neighboring countries using compass directions
- use cut-outs to locate the position of Kenya in relation to her neighbors
- draw maps showing Kenya's position using compass directions

What is the position of Kenya in relation to her neighbors?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 12
- Wall map of East Africa
- Cut-outs of countries
- Atlas
- Digital maps
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 14
- Digital resources
- Drawing materials

- Observation schedules - Written tests - Projects

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Location, Position and Size of Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain ways of promoting good relations between Kenya and her neighbors
- demonstrate understanding of the importance of good neighborliness
- value good relations between Kenya and her neighbors

Learners:
- discuss ways to promote good relations between Kenya and her neighbors
- write an essay on promoting good relations between Kenya and neighbors
- compose songs and poems about Kenya and her neighbors
- discuss benefits of good relations with neighboring countries

How can we promote good relations with our neighboring countries?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 15
- Resource persons
- Digital resources
- Pictures
- Charts

- Observation - Written assignments - Oral presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Location, Position and Size of Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- draw a map of Kenya showing her neighbors and size
- demonstrate understanding of Kenya's geographical position
- appreciate Kenya's location in East Africa

Learners:
- draw a map of Kenya showing neighboring countries
- indicate the size of Kenya in square kilometers on the map
- label the Indian Ocean
- create a display of Kenya and her neighbors for the class

Why is Kenya's geographical position important?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 16
- Atlas
- Drawing materials
- Digital maps
- Wall maps

- Projects - Written assignments - Oral presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Main Physical Features in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main physical features in Kenya
- classify physical features into relief and drainage features
- appreciate the diversity of physical features in Kenya

Learners:
- take a nature walk to identify physical features in the local area
- identify main physical features in Kenya from word search puzzles
- classify physical features into relief features (mountains, plateaus, plains, hills, valleys) and drainage features (lakes, rivers, oceans, swamps)
- take pictures or videos of physical features in the local area

Why are physical features important?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 17
- Pictures of physical features
- Digital cameras/devices
- Word search puzzles
- Charts

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Main Physical Features in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- locate the main physical features in Kenya on a map
- draw a map showing main physical features
- show willingness to protect physical features

Learners:
- use digital devices or atlas to locate main physical features in Kenya
- draw a map of Kenya and locate the main physical features
- model physical features using locally available materials (bean seeds for hills, maize seeds for lakes, small stones for mountains)
- display the chart at the Social Studies Corner

How are physical features distributed in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 20
- Atlas
- Wall map of Kenya
- Digital maps
- Manila paper
- Local materials for modeling

- Projects - Observation - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Main Physical Features in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain ways of caring for physical features
- participate in activities to conserve physical features
- value the physical features found in Kenya

Learners:
- discuss the importance of physical features
- identify ways of taking care of physical features
- participate in activities to conserve physical features in the local environment
- create awareness on the importance of conserving physical features

How can we care for physical features?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 23
- Pictures of physical features
- Digital resources
- Resource persons
- Charts

- Observation schedules - Written assignments - Projects

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- differentiate between weather and climate
- identify elements of weather in the environment
- appreciate different weather conditions

Learners:
- observe and describe current weather conditions outside the classroom
- study pictures showing different weather conditions
- discuss the differences between weather and climate
- identify elements of weather (rainfall, wind, temperature, cloud cover)

What is the difference between weather and climate?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 25
- Pictures showing different weather conditions
- Weather instruments
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain factors that determine weather conditions
- describe different weather elements
- show interest in observing weather elements

Learners:
- discuss factors that determine weather conditions of a place
- match weather conditions with elements of weather
- observe and record daily weather conditions
- discuss the role of meteorologists

How do we describe weather conditions?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 27
- Weather charts
- Pictures
- Digital resources
- Weather recording instruments

- Written assignments - Observation schedules - Oral questions

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main climatic regions in Kenya
- locate climatic regions on a map of Kenya
- value different climatic regions in Kenya

Learners:
- use an atlas to locate the main climatic regions in Kenya
- identify the number of climatic regions in Kenya
- draw a map of Kenya showing climatic regions
- discuss the distribution of climatic regions in Kenya

Why do we experience different climatic conditions in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 29
- Atlas
- Wall map of Kenya showing climatic regions
- Digital maps
- Drawing materials

- Projects - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- describe characteristics of the main climatic regions in Kenya
- match climatic regions with their characteristics
- appreciate the diversity of climate in Kenya

Learners:
- discuss characteristics of main climatic regions in Kenya
- create flashcards on characteristics of climatic regions
- match climatic regions with their characteristics
- discuss the climate of their local area

What are the characteristics of different climatic regions in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 30
- Atlas
- Wall map showing climatic regions
- Digital resources
- Flashcards

- Written tests - Oral questions - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain effects of extreme weather conditions
- discuss how weather and climate influence economic activities
- show concern for areas affected by extreme weather

Learners:
- find out from parents/guardians about effects of extreme weather conditions
- discuss economic activities associated with different climatic conditions
- recite poems about climate and economic activities
- watch video clips on climatic regions in Kenya

How does climate influence economic activities?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 32
- Digital resources
- Pictures
- Resource persons
- Video clips

- Written assignments - Oral presentations - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- acknowledge different climatic conditions in planning for day-to-day activities
- show how weather and climate influence daily activities
- appreciate importance of weather forecasts

Learners:
- compose songs acknowledging different climatic conditions
- discuss how weather and climate influence daily activities
- plan activities appropriate for different weather conditions
- discuss the importance of weather forecasts

How do we plan our activities based on weather and climate?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 33
- Weather forecasts
- Digital resources
- Pictures
- Charts

- Oral presentations - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

The Built Environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main historic built environments in Kenya
- explain the purpose of historic built environments
- appreciate historic built environments

Learners:
- study pictures of historic built environments
- brainstorm the main historic built environments in Kenya (museums, monuments, cultural centers, historical buildings)
- use digital/print resources to identify historic built environments
- match pictures with explanations about historic built environments

What are historic built environments?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 34
- Pictures of historic built environments
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Resource persons

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

The Built Environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main historic built environments in Kenya
- explain the purpose of historic built environments
- appreciate historic built environments

Learners:
- study pictures of historic built environments
- brainstorm the main historic built environments in Kenya (museums, monuments, cultural centers, historical buildings)
- use digital/print resources to identify historic built environments
- match pictures with explanations about historic built environments

What are historic built environments?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 34
- Pictures of historic built environments
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Resource persons

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

The Built Environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- show the main historic built environments in Kenya on a map
- identify the location of various historic built environments
- value the preservation of historic built environments

Learners:
- study a map showing the location of main historic built environments in Kenya
- identify historic built environments shown on the map
- draw a map locating historic built environments in Kenya
- discuss the distribution of historic built environments across Kenya

Where are historic built environments located in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 36
- Map of Kenya showing historic built environments
- Atlas
- Digital maps
- Drawing materials

- Projects - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

The Built Environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain strategies to conserve historic built environments
- develop methods to conserve built environments
- show willingness to participate in conservation efforts

Learners:
- discuss why we should conserve historic built environments
- identify strategies people are using to conserve historic built environments
- research strategies for conserving historic built environments
- prepare posters on conservation of historic built environments

How can we conserve historic built environments?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 37
- Pictures
- Digital resources
- Resource persons
- Manila papers

- Projects - Written assignments - Oral presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments
People, Population and Social Organisations

The Built Environments
Language Groups in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the importance of conserving historic built environments
- participate in conserving historic built environments
- appreciate the need for conserving historic built environments

Learners:
- discuss the importance of conserving historic built environments
- prepare posters on the importance of conserving historic built environments
- visit a historic built environment in the locality
- participate in collecting rubbish and cleaning the environment

Why is it important to conserve historic built environments?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 39
- Historic built environment in locality
- Digital cameras
- Manila papers
- Charts
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 43
- Pictures of people from different communities
- Digital resources
- Maps

- Field reports - Observation schedules - Projects

People, Population and Social Organisations

Language Groups in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- classify Kenyan communities into their respective language groups
- research the origins of main language groups
- value the diversity of language groups in Kenya

Learners:
- use digital devices to search for information on main language groups in Kenya
- organize communities into their respective language groups
- complete a table showing language groups, their origins, and examples of communities
- present their findings to the class

How are language groups related?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 45
- Digital devices
- Atlas
- Charts
- Resource persons
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 47
- Pictures
- Digital resources

- Written assignments - Oral presentations - Observation

People, Population and Social Organisations

Language Groups in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain benefits of interdependence of language groups in Kenya
- identify the positive outcomes of language group interactions
- appreciate the benefits of interdependence among language groups

Learners:
- engage a resource person to find out the benefits of interdependence of language groups
- read a conversation about benefits of interdependence
- make a poster showing benefits of interdependence
- write a composition on benefits of interdependence

What are the benefits of interactions among language groups?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 48
- Resource persons
- Manila papers
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Written assignments - Projects - Oral presentations

People, Population and Social Organisations

Language Groups in Kenya
Population Distribution in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- demonstrate understanding of cultural expressions from different language groups
- create cultural expressions showing interdependence
- show appreciation for cultural diversity

Learners:
- compose poems and songs that depict interdependence during cultural events
- narrate African stories on the origin of various language groups in Kenya
- listen keenly and actively to cultural expressions from different communities
- create communication messages on benefits of interdependence

How do we benefit by interacting with different language groups in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 49
- Resource persons
- Audio-visual materials
- Digital resources
- Traditional artifacts
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 50
- Maps showing population distribution
- Atlas
- Charts

- Oral presentations - Performance assessment - Observation

People, Population and Social Organisations

Population Distribution in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- show areas of high and low population density in Kenya on a map
- identify factors affecting population distribution
- appreciate variations in population distribution

Learners:
- study a map of Kenya showing population distribution
- discuss areas with high and low population density in Kenya
- draw a sketch map of Kenya and shade areas of high and low population density
- identify factors affecting population distribution

How is population distributed in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 52
- Map of Kenya showing population distribution
- Atlas
- Drawing materials
- Digital maps
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 53
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Resource persons
- Pictures

- Projects - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Resources and Economic Activities

Resources in Kenya - Types of resources
Resources in Kenya - Prudent use of resources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify resources found in Kenya
- Classify resources found in Kenya
- Appreciate resources available in society

- Learners brainstorm on resources found in Kenya such as land, minerals, water and forests
- Learners take a nature walk around the school locality to collect samples of resources found in Kenya and share their findings in class
- Learners collect samples of resources found within the environment and display them in class

Why is it important to use resources prudently?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Pictures of different resources
- Digital devices
- Resource person
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 71
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Resources and Economic Activities

Resources in Kenya - Conservation strategies
Mining in Kenya - Major minerals found in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate ways of conserving various resources
- Take part in resource conservation activities
- Show responsibility in conserving resources

- Learners write a poem on prudent use of resources found in Kenya
- Learners take part in planting trees along the fence of their school
- Learners draw a table showing how different resources in Kenya can be conserved

How do we benefit from conserved resources?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 72
- Tree seedlings
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Resource person
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 74
- Pictures of minerals

- Projects - Written tests - Observation

Resources and Economic Activities

Mining in Kenya - Locating mineral deposits on maps
Mining in Kenya - Contribution to economy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate the major minerals in the map of Kenya
- Draw a map showing locations of major minerals in Kenya
- Value minerals as important resources in Kenya

- Learners use a map of Kenya to locate some of the major mineral deposits
- Learners draw a map of Kenya and indicate where major minerals are mined
- Learners copy and complete a table showing minerals and where they are mined in Kenya

Where are major minerals found in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 75
- Map of Kenya
- Digital devices
- Atlas
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 76
- Resource person
- Charts

- Projects - Written assignments - Observation

Resources and Economic Activities

Fishing in Kenya - Main inland fishing grounds
Fishing in Kenya - Mapping fishing grounds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the main inland fishing grounds in Kenya
- Describe locations of major fishing grounds
- Recognize fishing as an economic activity

- Learners brainstorm on the main inland fishing grounds (Lake Victoria, Lake Turkana, Lake Naivasha, River Tana and River Athi) in Kenya
- Learners use digital resources/print media to identify the main inland fishing grounds in Kenya
- Learners read and discuss stories about fishing in Kenya

Why is fishing important in our country?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 79
- Map of Kenya
- Digital devices
- Pictures of fishing grounds
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 80
- Manila paper
- Colored papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Resources and Economic Activities

Fishing in Kenya - Contribution to the economy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the contribution of fishing to the economy of Kenya
- Discuss benefits of fishing as an economic activity
- Value fishing as an important economic activity

- Learners discuss the contribution of fishing to the economy of Kenya and report in class
- Learners find out from relevant sources the contribution of fishing to the economy of Kenya and write a summary
- Learners engage with a fisherman to discuss the contribution of fishing to the economy of Kenya

How does fishing contribute to our economy?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 81
- Resource person
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Debate

Resources and Economic Activities

Fishing in Kenya - Fishing as an economic activity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Write a poem or song on fishing as an economic activity
- Debate on importance of fishing in Kenya
- Appreciate fishing as an economic activity

- Learners write a poem or song encouraging people to take part in fishing as an economic activity
- Learners debate the statement: "Fishing is an important economic activity"
- Learners create posters on the importance of fishing in Kenya

What are the benefits of fishing as an economic activity?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 82
- Digital devices
- Resource person
- Manila paper

- Projects - Observation - Oral presentations