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SCHEME OF WORK
Science & Technology
Grade 4 2026
TERM I
School


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WK LSN STRAND SUB-STRAND LESSON LEARNING OUTCOMES LEARNING EXPERIENCES KEY INQUIRY QUESTIONS LEARNING RESOURCES ASSESSMENT METHODS REFLECTION
2 1
Living Things and their Environment
Plants - Characteristics of plants as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify plants as living things
- Explain that plants grow
- Show appreciation for plants in the environment
- Search for information from print and non-print materials on characteristics of plants as living things and discuss with peers
- Take a walk in the school compound and adjacent environment to observe, discuss and record evidence that plants: grow, reproduce, remove waste, respond to changes in their environment and die
Why are plants grouped as living things?
- Oxford Everyday Science and technology PG 2
-
- Internet access
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 3
- Bean seeds
- Soil
- Ruler
- Small tin
- Observation - Oral questions
2 2
Living Things and their Environment
Plants - Characteristics of plants as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate that plants exchange gases
- Explain that plants release oxygen into the air
- Value plants as providers of oxygen
- Conduct an experiment to observe gas exchange in plants
- Place fresh green leaves in water and observe bubble formation
- Discuss what the bubbles indicate about plants as living things
How do plants exchange gases?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 4
- Fresh green leaves
- Clear container
- Water
- Small stones
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 6
- Various plant specimens
- Pictures of plants with seeds
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions
2 3
Living Things and their Environment
Plants - Characteristics of plants as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how plants remove waste
- Identify parts of plants that remove waste
- Show interest in learning about plant waste removal
- Observe pictures of plants removing waste through various parts
- Discuss how plants remove waste through leaves, stems, and bark
- Explain the process of transpiration in plants
How do plants remove waste?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 7
- Pictures of plants
- Digital resources
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 8
- Pictures of plants showing movement
- Potted plants
- Observation - Oral questions
2 4
Living Things and their Environment
Plants - Characteristics of plants as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how plants respond to changes in environment
- Demonstrate plants' responses to touch and other stimuli
- Appreciate plants' sensitivity to environmental changes
- Observe plants that fold leaves when touched
- Discuss how plants respond to heat, light, and other stimuli
- Observe how flowers like sunflowers turn to face the sun
How do plants respond to changes in their environment?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 9
- Sensitive plants if available
- Pictures of plants responding to stimuli
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions
3 1
Living Things and their Environment
Plants - Characteristics of plants as living things
Plants - Functions of external parts of plants
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain that plants die
- Identify factors that cause plants to die
- Show concern for plant life
- Observe pictures of living and dead plants
- Discuss factors that cause plants to die
- Identify signs of dying plants
Why do plants die?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 10
- Pictures of living and dead plants
- Digital resources
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 13
- Small plants
- Gloves
- Water
- Digital devices
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
3 2
Living Things and their Environment
Plants - Functions of external parts of plants
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the functions of roots
- Demonstrate how roots absorb water
- Value the importance of roots to plants
- Place a plant in colored water and observe water movement
- Discuss how roots support plants in the soil
- Explain how some roots store food
- Observe different types of roots
What are the functions of plant roots?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 15
- Young plants
- Colored water
- Clear container
- Sharp knife (for teacher use only)
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
3 3
Living Things and their Environment
Plants - Functions of external parts of plants
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the functions of stems
- Identify plants with food-storing stems
- Appreciate the role of stems in plant survival
- Observe stems of various plants
- Discuss how stems support plants and hold leaves
- Identify stems that store food like sugarcane
- Explain how stems transport water and nutrients
What are the functions of plant stems?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 16
- Various plant stems
- Pictures of plants
- Sugarcane (if available)
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
3 4
Living Things and their Environment
Plants - The need to care for plants
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe functions of leaves
- Demonstrate leaf functions through experiments
- Show interest in the role of leaves
- Conduct an experiment with leaves in polythene bags to show transpiration
- Compare plants with and without leaves to show importance of leaves
- Discuss how leaves make food through photosynthesis
What are the functions of plant leaves?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 18
- Plant leaves
- Transparent polythene bags
- Potted plants
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
4 1
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify characteristics of animals as living things
- Observe characteristics of animals in the environment
- Show appreciation for animals
- Take a walk in the school compound and adjacent environment to observe animals
- Record evidence that animals: feed, grow, breathe, reproduce, remove waste, move, respond to changes in their environment and die
- Discuss characteristics of animals as living things
Why are animals grouped as living things?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 25
- Digital devices
- Exercise books
- Pens
- Observation - Oral questions
4 2
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify characteristics of animals as living things
- Observe characteristics of animals in the environment
- Show appreciation for animals
- Take a walk in the school compound and adjacent environment to observe animals
- Record evidence that animals: feed, grow, breathe, reproduce, remove waste, move, respond to changes in their environment and die
- Discuss characteristics of animals as living things
Why are animals grouped as living things?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 25
- Digital devices
- Exercise books
- Pens
- Observation - Oral questions
4 3
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how animals feed
- Classify animals based on feeding habits
- Value diversity in animal feeding habits
- Observe pictures of different animals feeding
- Discuss what various animals feed on
- Classify animals as herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores
- Compare animal feeding to plant feeding
What do animals feed on?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 26
- Pictures of different animals feeding
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
4 4
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how animals grow
- Compare growth in young and mature animals
- Show interest in animal growth process
- Observe pictures showing growth in animals
- Discuss how animals increase in size as they grow
- Compare pictures of young animals with mature ones
- Share personal growth experiences
How do animals grow?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 27
- Pictures showing animal growth
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions
5 1
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate that animals breathe
- Explain the breathing process in animals
- Value oxygen as essential for animal life
- Conduct an activity to observe chest movement during breathing
- Discuss the movement of the chest during breathing in and out
- Explain that animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide
How do animals breathe?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 28
- Pictures showing breathing in animals
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
5 2
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how animals reproduce
- Classify animals based on reproduction methods
- Appreciate reproduction as a characteristic of living things
- Observe pictures showing animal reproduction
- Discuss how animals give rise to young ones
- Classify animals as those that lay eggs and those that give birth to live young ones
How do animals reproduce?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 29
- Pictures of animals and their young ones
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
5 3
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how animals remove waste
- Identify waste products from animals
- Show interest in animal waste removal
- Observe pictures showing animals removing waste
- Discuss ways animals remove waste from their bodies
- Identify waste products such as urine, feces, and carbon dioxide
How do animals remove waste?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 30
- Pictures showing waste removal in animals
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions
5 4
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how animals move
- Classify animals based on movement methods
- Appreciate diversity in animal movement
- Observe pictures of animals showing different ways of movement
- Discuss how different animals move
- Classify animals based on how they move (walking, flying, swimming, etc.)
- Explain why animals move from place to place
How do animals move?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 31
- Pictures of animals showing different movements
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
6 1
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how animals respond to changes in environment
- Demonstrate responses to environmental changes
- Appreciate animals' adaptability
- Discuss how animals respond to weather conditions
- Observe pictures showing animal responses to changes in environment
- Role-play animal responses to different stimuli
How do animals respond to changes in their environment?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 32
- Pictures of animals responding to environmental changes
- Digital resources
- Observation - Role-play - Oral questions
6 2
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain that animals die
- Identify causes of animal death
- Show concern for animal life
- Observe pictures of living and dead animals
- Discuss factors that cause animals to die
- Explore ways to protect animals from premature death
Why do animals die?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 33
- Pictures of living and dead animals
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
6 3
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Characteristics of animals as living things
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain that animals die
- Identify causes of animal death
- Show concern for animal life
- Observe pictures of living and dead animals
- Discuss factors that cause animals to die
- Explore ways to protect animals from premature death
Why do animals die?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 33
- Pictures of living and dead animals
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
6 4
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Vertebrates and invertebrates
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish vertebrates from invertebrates
- Identify the backbone in vertebrates
- Appreciate diversity in animal structure
- Feel the backbone along their backs
- Discuss why some animals can coil their bodies while others cannot
- Use digital resources to learn about vertebrates and invertebrates
What is the difference between vertebrates and invertebrates?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 34
- Charts with pictures of animals
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions
7

Midterm

8 1
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Vertebrates and invertebrates
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Classify animals as vertebrates or invertebrates
- Identify examples of vertebrates and invertebrates
- Show interest in animal classification
- Observe pictures of different animals
- Group animals as vertebrates or invertebrates
- Complete a table to classify animals
- Compare findings with classmates
How do we classify animals as vertebrates or invertebrates?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 35
- Pictures of various animals
- Chart showing animal classification
- Digital resources
- Observation - Written assignments
8 2
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - The need to care for animals
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways to care for animals
- Explain the importance of caring for animals
- Show responsibility towards animals
- Discuss things we get from animals
- Observe pictures showing people caring for animals
- Discuss ways of caring for animals
- Explain the importance of caring for animals
Why should we care for animals?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 37
- Pictures showing animal care
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
8 3
Living Things and their Environment
Animals - Project: Portfolio of vertebrates and invertebrates
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create a portfolio of vertebrates and invertebrates
- Classify animals correctly in the portfolio
- Show creativity in portfolio presentation
- Collect pictures of different animals from newspapers and magazines
- Cut out the pictures carefully
- Create a portfolio with sections for vertebrates and invertebrates
- Sort and stick pictures in the correct sections
How can we organize animals into vertebrates and invertebrates?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 39
- Exercise book
- Glue
- Scissors
- Pictures of animals
- Project work - Presentation
8 4
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Parts of the human digestive system
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the human digestive system
- Explain what happens to food we eat
- Appreciate the digestion process
- Observe pictures showing people eating food
- Discuss what happens to food after eating
- Identify digestion as a characteristic of human beings as living things
What happens to the food we eat?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 41
- Pictures showing digestion process
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions
9 1
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Parts of the human digestive system
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify parts of the human digestive system
- Explain the function of each part
- Show interest in human body systems
- Observe a chart/picture showing parts of the human digestive system
- Identify and name parts of the digestive system
- Discuss how food moves through the digestive system
What are the parts of the human digestive system?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 42
- Chart showing human digestive system
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
9 2
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Parts of the human digestive system
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Draw and label the human digestive system
- Describe the role of each part
- Show interest in human body structure
- Draw the human digestive system in exercise books
- Label the parts (mouth, gullet, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus)
- Compare drawings with classmates
- Discuss the role of each part
How do the parts of the digestive system work together?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 43
- Chart showing human digestive system
- Digital resources
- Drawings - Oral questions - Written tests
9 3
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Healthy digestive system (dental hygiene)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of dental hygiene
- Demonstrate proper teeth brushing technique
- Value the importance of dental hygiene
- Observe a chart showing dental check-up
- Discuss foods that can damage teeth and those that are healthy for teeth
- Observe a chart showing how to brush teeth properly
- Discuss the importance of cleaning teeth
Why is dental hygiene important?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 44
- Toothbrush
- Charts showing dental hygiene
- Pictures showing teeth brushing
- Observation - Demonstration - Oral questions
9 4
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Healthy digestive system (dental hygiene)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of dental hygiene
- Demonstrate proper teeth brushing technique
- Value the importance of dental hygiene
- Observe a chart showing dental check-up
- Discuss foods that can damage teeth and those that are healthy for teeth
- Observe a chart showing how to brush teeth properly
- Discuss the importance of cleaning teeth
Why is dental hygiene important?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 44
- Toothbrush
- Charts showing dental hygiene
- Pictures showing teeth brushing
- Observation - Demonstration - Oral questions
10 1
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Healthy digestive system (dental hygiene)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Practice proper dental hygiene
- Explain ways to care for teeth and gums
- Value regular dental checkups
- Demonstrate proper teeth brushing technique
- Discuss foods that are healthy for teeth
- Explain the importance of visiting a dentist regularly
- Make a poster on dental hygiene
How do we take care of our teeth and gums?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 45
- Toothbrush or chewed stick
- Toothpaste or salt
- Clean water
- Manila paper
- Observation - Demonstration - Project work
10 2
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Healthy digestive system (deworming)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of deworming
- Identify types of worms that attack the digestive system
- Show concern for a healthy digestive system
- Observe pictures of different types of worms
- Discuss how worms may enter the body
- Explain the effects of worms on the digestive system
- Identify types of worms (tapeworm, hookworm, pinworm, roundworm)
What is deworming and why is it important?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 46
- Pictures of different types of worms
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions
10 3
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Healthy digestive system (deworming)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain ways of preventing worms
- Describe the process of deworming
- Value regular deworming
- Observe pictures showing different ways worms enter the body
- Discuss ways of preventing worms
- Listen to a medical officer talk about deworming
- Ask questions about deworming
How can we prevent worms from entering our bodies?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 47
- Pictures showing worm prevention
- Invited medical officer (if possible)
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
10 4
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Healthy digestive system (healthy eating)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of healthy eating
- Identify different food groups
- Value balanced diet
- Discuss food eaten daily
- Complete a table showing daily food intake
- Identify foods such as fruits, vegetables, proteins, and carbohydrates
- Discuss the importance of drinking water
What is healthy eating?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 48
- Pictures of different types of food
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
11 1
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Healthy digestive system (healthy eating)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different food groups
- Explain the importance of each food group
- Appreciate balanced diet
- Discuss different food groups (carbohydrates, proteins, fruits and vegetables)
- Identify examples of foods in each group
- Explain the importance of each food group
- Discuss the importance of drinking water
Why do we need to eat a balanced diet?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 49
- Pictures of different food groups
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
11 2
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Healthy digestive system
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Develop a plan for maintaining a healthy digestive system
- Explain the components of the plan
- Show commitment to digestive health
- Discuss ways of maintaining a healthy digestive system
- Create a personal plan for digestive health including dental hygiene, deworming, healthy eating, and exercise
- Share plans with classmates
How can we maintain a healthy digestive system?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 50
- Chart showing healthy digestive practices
- Digital resources
- Observation - Project work - Presentation
11 3
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Symptoms of unhealthy digestive system
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify symptoms of an unhealthy digestive system
- Explain the meaning of symptoms
- Show concern for digestive health
- Observe a poster showing symptoms of unhealthy digestive system
- Discuss symptoms such as stomach ache, bloating, constipation
- Share experiences about unhealthy digestive systems
- Discuss causes of unhealthy digestive systems
What are the warning signs of an unhealthy digestive system?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 51
- Poster showing digestive system symptoms
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions
11 4
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Symptoms of unhealthy digestive system
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe symptoms of stomach ache and bloating
- Explain causes of stomach ache and bloating
- Value proper eating habits
- Read a story about digestive problems
- Discuss symptoms of stomach ache and bloating
- Identify causes of these symptoms
- Discuss prevention measures
What causes stomach ache and bloating?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 52
- Story about digestive problems
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
12 1
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Symptoms of unhealthy digestive system
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting
- Explain causes of diarrhea and vomiting
- Show concern for hygienic practices
- Observe pictures showing symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting
- Discuss causes of diarrhea and vomiting
- Share experiences on vomiting and diarrhea
- Discuss prevention measures
What causes diarrhea and vomiting?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 53
- Pictures showing digestive system problems
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
12 2
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Symptoms of unhealthy digestive system
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting
- Explain causes of diarrhea and vomiting
- Show concern for hygienic practices
- Observe pictures showing symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting
- Discuss causes of diarrhea and vomiting
- Share experiences on vomiting and diarrhea
- Discuss prevention measures
What causes diarrhea and vomiting?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 53
- Pictures showing digestive system problems
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests
12 3
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Symptoms of unhealthy digestive system
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe symptoms of worm infection
- Role-play symptoms of worm infection
- Value deworming as prevention
- Role-play symptoms of worm infection
- Discuss symptoms of worm infection
- Explain causes of worm infection
- Discuss prevention measures
How can we tell if someone has worms?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 54
- Role-play materials
- Digital resources
- Observation - Role-play - Oral questions
12 4
Living Things and their Environment
Human Digestive System - Importance of a healthy human digestive system
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of a healthy digestive system
- Describe how the digestive system helps the body
- Appreciate the digestive system's role
- Read a dialogue about the importance of the digestive system
- Discuss how the digestive system breaks down food
- Explain how digested food provides energy and nutrients
- Discuss other benefits of a healthy digestive system
Why is a healthy digestive system important?
- Oxford Everyday Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 55
- Chart showing digestive system functions
- Digital resources
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

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