Living Things and Their Environment

Fungi - Common fungi

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify common fungi in the environment
- Differentiate between different types of fungi
- Appreciate the diversity of fungi in the environment

- Use print and non-print materials to search for images of common fungi such as puffballs, toadstools, mushrooms and moulds, and share findings with peers
- Discuss the meaning of fungi
- Study and identify different types of fungi

What are the common fungi found in our environment?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 1
- Digital devices
- Print materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 3
- Digital camera/phone
- Gloves

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Living Things and Their Environment

Fungi - Common fungi
Fungi - Growing moulds
Fungi - Importance of fungi
Fungi - Importance of fungi in nature
Fungi - Economic importance of fungi

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Search for examples of fungi
- Identify where fungi are found in the environment
- Show interest in learning about fungi

- Search for more examples of fungi using digital devices or print materials
- Write down the examples found
- Compare results with classmates
- Discuss where fungi are found in the environment

Where can we find fungi in our environment?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 4
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 5
- Bread slices
- Transparent containers
- Water
- Gloves
- Pictures of fungi
- Digital resources
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 6
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 7

- Written work - Peer assessment - Observation

Living Things and Their Environment

Fungi - Economic importance of fungi
Fungi - Safety precautions when handling fungi
Fungi - Safety precautions when handling fungi
Fungi - Making portfolios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify how fungi are used commercially
- Describe mushroom farming as an economic activity
- Show interest in fungi-related economic activities

- Discuss how people make money from fungi
- Learn about yeast in baking bread and cakes
- Explore how mushroom farming is done
- Discuss how medicines are made from moulds

How do people make money from fungi?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 8
- Digital devices
- Pictures of mushroom farms
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 9
- Safety gloves
- Masks
- Pictures of fungal infections
- Safety equipment (gloves, goggles, masks)
- Handwashing facilities
- Pictures of fungi
- Portfolio materials

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Living Things and Their Environment

Fungi - Assessment
Invertebrates - Common invertebrates

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recall the main types of fungi
- Explain the importance of fungi
- Apply safety measures when handling fungi

- Review main types of fungi learned
- Discuss the uses and importance of fungi
- Review safety precautions when handling fungi
- Complete assessment activities on fungi

What have we learned about fungi?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 10
- Assessment worksheets
- Digital resources
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 11
- Pictures of invertebrates
- Digital devices

- Written assessment - Oral questions - Self-assessment

Living Things and Their Environment

Invertebrates - Common invertebrates
Invertebrates - Safety precautions when handling invertebrates
Invertebrates - Safety precautions when handling invertebrates

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Search for information about invertebrates
- Identify various invertebrates from pictures
- Appreciate the diversity of invertebrates

- Use digital devices or print materials to search for information about common invertebrates
- Study and identify invertebrates from pictures
- Discuss findings with peers
- Create a list of common invertebrates

What are the different types of invertebrates?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 11
- Digital devices
- Pictures of invertebrates
- Reference materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 12
- Safety equipment (gloves, tongs, jars)
- Pictures of safety equipment
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 13
- Safety equipment (gloves, nets, containers)
- Pictures of safety procedures

- Written assignments - Oral presentations - Peer assessment

Living Things and Their Environment

Invertebrates - Characteristics of invertebrates
Invertebrates - Characteristics of insects
Invertebrates - Characteristics of spiders, ticks and mites

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe general characteristics of invertebrates
- Compare different invertebrates
- Show interest in learning about invertebrate features

- Use digital devices or print materials to search for information on general characteristics of invertebrates
- Write down and discuss general characteristics
- Compare characteristics of different invertebrates
- Make class presentations

What are the general characteristics of invertebrates?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 14
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Pictures of invertebrates
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 15
- Pictures of insects
- Insect specimens (if available)
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 16
- Pictures of spiders, ticks, and mites

- Oral presentations - Written work - Group discussions

Living Things and Their Environment

Invertebrates - Characteristics of millipedes and centipedes
Invertebrates - Characteristics of snails and slugs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify millipedes and centipedes
- Describe characteristics of millipedes and centipedes
- Value the importance of these invertebrates in the ecosystem

- Study pictures of millipedes and centipedes
- Identify and name the invertebrates shown
- Study their body parts and characteristics
- Discuss their distinguishing features (segmented bodies, many legs)

What are the differences between millipedes and centipedes?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 18
- Pictures of millipedes and centipedes
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 19
- Pictures of snails and slugs

- Observation - Oral questions - Written work

Living Things and Their Environment

Invertebrates - Characteristics of worms
Invertebrates - Characteristics of sea invertebrates
Invertebrates - Observing invertebrates

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of worms
- Describe characteristics of worms
- Appreciate the role of worms in the ecosystem

- Study pictures of different worms
- Identify and name the invertebrates shown
- Study their body features
- Discuss their distinguishing characteristics (elongated, segmented bodies)

Where do worms live and what are their characteristics?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 21
- Pictures of worms
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 22
- Pictures of sea invertebrates
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 24
- Safety equipment
- Observation notebooks
- Digital cameras (if available)

- Observation - Oral questions - Written work

Living Things and Their Environment

Invertebrates - Creating an inventory
Invertebrates - Importance of invertebrates
Invertebrates - Economic importance of invertebrates

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create an inventory of invertebrates
- Classify invertebrates into different groups
- Show creativity in organizing information

- Study pictures of invertebrates found in the locality
- Create a table to classify different invertebrates
- Sort invertebrates into appropriate categories
- Create a portfolio of local invertebrates

How can we categorize the invertebrates in our environment?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 24
- Pictures of invertebrates
- Chart paper
- Glue
- Scissors
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 25
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Pictures showing invertebrate roles
- Pictures of economic activities involving invertebrates

- Portfolio assessment - Classification skills - Presentation

Living Things and Their Environment

Human circulatory system - Parts of the human circulatory system

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the main parts of the human circulatory system
- Describe the function of the circulatory system
- Show interest in learning about body systems

- Use digital devices or print materials to search for information on the main parts of the human circulatory system
- Observe diagrams showing the circulatory system
- Identify the heart, blood vessels, and blood as main components
- Discuss the function of the circulatory system

What is the human circulatory system made up of?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 27
- Charts of the human circulatory system
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 28
- Drawing materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Living Things and Their Environment

Human circulatory system - Modeling the circulatory system
Human circulatory system - Using digital simulation
Human circulatory system - Parts of the heart and their functions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create a model of the human circulatory system
- Explain how the model represents the actual system
- Show creativity in modeling the circulatory system

- Observe charts or digital images of the circulatory system
- Use locally available materials to model the circulatory system
- Explain how their models represent the actual system
- Present models to classmates

How can we represent the human circulatory system using a model?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 29
- Modeling materials (Manila paper, clay, etc.)
- Reference charts
- Digital resources
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 30
- Digital devices
- Simulation software
- Internet access
- Heart models or charts
- Reference materials

- Model assessment - Oral presentations - Creativity

Living Things and Their Environment

Human circulatory system - Major blood vessels and their functions
Human circulatory system - Components of blood and their functions
Human circulatory system - Components of blood and their functions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the major blood vessels
- Describe the functions of arteries, veins, and capillaries
- Show interest in understanding blood flow

- Use digital devices or print materials to search for information on blood vessels
- Study diagrams showing blood vessels
- Discuss the functions of arteries, veins, and capillaries
- Explain how blood flows through the vessels

How do blood vessels transport blood throughout the body?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 32
- Charts showing blood vessels
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 33
- Videos on blood components
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 34
- Charts showing blood components
- Drawing materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Living Things and Their Environment

Human circulatory system - Symptoms and prevention of common health conditions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify common health conditions of the circulatory system
- Describe symptoms of circulatory system conditions
- Show concern for circulatory health

- Study pictures showing people with circulatory health conditions
- Discuss symptoms of high blood pressure
- Explore the consequences of poor circulatory health
- Search for information on common circulatory conditions

What measures enhance a healthy human circulatory system?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 35
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Pictures showing health conditions
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 36
- Chart paper

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Living Things and Their Environment

Human circulatory system - Prevention of circulatory conditions
Human circulatory system - Maintaining a healthy circulatory system
Human circulatory system - Developing a routine plan

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe ways to prevent circulatory conditions
- Explain the importance of healthy lifestyle choices
- Show commitment to healthy habits

- Discuss ways to prevent circulatory conditions
- Explore the role of diet in circulatory health
- Discuss the importance of regular exercise
- Create posters on preventing circulatory conditions

What lifestyle choices promote circulatory health?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 37
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Poster materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 38
- Charts on healthy practices
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 39
- Notebook
- Writing materials

- Poster assessment - Oral presentations - Group discussions

Living Things and Their Environment
Matter
Matter

Human circulatory system - Assessment activities
Human circulatory system - Assessment and reflection
Change of state - Changes of state of matter
Change of state - Changes of state of matter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify parts of the circulatory system
- Describe functions of circulatory system components
- Demonstrate understanding of circulatory health

- Complete assessment activities on the circulatory system
- Identify parts of the heart in diagrams
- Match blood vessels with their functions
- Answer questions about blood components

What have we learned about the human circulatory system?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 39
- Assessment worksheets
- Diagrams of the circulatory system
- Writing materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 40
- Word search puzzles
- Reflection worksheets
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 43
- Digital devices
- Pictures showing different states of matter
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 45
- Candles
- Matchsticks
- Aluminum foil
- Safety equipment

- Written assessment - Diagram labeling - Oral questions

Matter

Change of state - Demonstrating change of state of matter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate the change from liquid to gas state
- Describe the process of evaporation
- Practice safety when heating substances

- Put water in a sufuria
- Place the sufuria on a heat source
- Observe what happens to the water
- Discuss the change from liquid to gas state
- Define evaporation as change from liquid to gas

What happens when liquids are heated?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 45
- Water
- Sufuria
- Heat source
- Safety equipment
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 47
- Mothballs
- Beaker with lid
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 48
- Pan with lid
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 49
- Candles
- Cooking fat
- Spoon
- Clear plastic cup
- Ice cubes

- Practical demonstration - Observation - Oral questions

Matter

Change of state - Application of change of state of matter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify applications of change of state in everyday life
- Explain how heating and cooling are used in daily activities
- Appreciate the importance of change of state in daily life

- Study pictures showing applications of change of state
- Discuss how heating and cooling help in everyday activities
- Identify examples of change of state in food preparation
- Discuss drying of clothes as an example of evaporation

How is change of state of matter important in day to day life?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 51
- Pictures showing applications of state change
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 53
- Writing materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 54
- Waste candle wax
- Wicks/string
- Small narrow bottles
- Melting container
- Safety equipment

- Oral presentations - Written assignments - Group discussions

Matter

Change of state - Application of change of state of matter
Change of state - Home application project
Change of state - Uses of changes of state of matter

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Repair broken plastic containers
- Apply knowledge of melting and freezing
- Practice safety when working with heat

- Prepare a broken plastic container for repair
- Place a metal plate on a heated source
- Use the hot plate to fuse broken edges together
- Allow the plastic to cool completely
- Follow safety precautions throughout the process

How can we use the principle of melting to repair plastic items?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 55
- Broken plastic containers
- Metal plate
- Heat source
- Safety equipment (gloves, masks, goggles)
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 56
- Notebooks
- Writing materials
- Digital devices (if available)
- Chart paper

- Project assessment - Practical skills - Observation

Matter

Change of state - Assessment
Change of state - Self-assessment
Composition of air - Composition of air in the atmosphere

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different changes of state
- Match change processes with state transitions
- Apply knowledge of state changes to answer questions

- Review the different changes of state learned
- Complete assessment activities on changes of state
- Match change processes with state transitions
- Discuss answers with classmates

What are the different ways matter can change from one state to another?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 56
- Assessment worksheets
- Writing materials
- Reference materials
- Self-assessment worksheets
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 57
- Chart showing components of air
- Digital devices

- Written assessment - Matching exercises - Oral questions

Matter

Composition of air - Composition of air in the atmosphere
Composition of air - The presence of oxygen in the air

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the percentages of different components in air
- Draw a pie chart showing composition of air
- Appreciate the importance of different air components

- Examine the size of different colored sections in the chart
- Determine which components take the largest and smallest percentages
- Learn the exact percentages of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases
- Draw a pie chart showing the composition of air

What percentage of each component is present in air?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 58
- Chart paper
- Colored pencils
- Reference materials
- Candle
- Glass jar
- Water
- Beaker
- Matchbox

- Chart assessment - Oral questions - Written work

Matter

Composition of air - Uses of the different components of air

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline uses of oxygen in nature
- Explain how living things use oxygen
- Appreciate the importance of oxygen for life

- Use digital devices to search for uses of different components of air
- Discuss and write down uses of oxygen in nature
- Explore how humans and animals use oxygen for respiration
- Discuss how oxygen supports burning

What are the uses of oxygen in nature?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 60
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Pictures showing uses of oxygen
- Pictures showing uses of carbon dioxide
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 61
- Pictures showing uses of nitrogen and other gases

- Oral presentations - Written work - Group discussions

Matter

Composition of air - Air pollution
Composition of air - Air pollutants
Composition of air - Effects of air pollution on the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define air pollution
- Identify causes of air pollution
- Show concern for air quality

- Study pictures showing air pollution events
- Discuss causes of air pollution shown in the pictures
- Use digital devices to search for the meaning of air pollution
- Brainstorm on the meaning of air pollution

What is air pollution and what causes it?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 61
- Pictures showing air pollution
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 62
- Pictures showing air pollutants
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 64
- Pictures showing effects of air pollution

- Observation - Oral questions - Written work

Matter

Composition of air - Effects of air pollution on the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Search for information on effects of air pollution
- Read and discuss articles on air pollution
- Value clean air in the environment

- Use digital devices to search for articles on air pollution effects
- Read and discuss the effects mentioned in the articles
- Learn new vocabulary related to air pollution
- Create a mind map showing effects of air pollution

What are the short-term and long-term effects of air pollution?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 65
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Dictionary
- Chart paper
- Notebook
- Writing materials
- Digital cameras (if available)

- Reading comprehension - Vocabulary assessment - Mind map creation

Matter

Composition of air - Methods of reducing air pollution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify methods of reducing air pollution
- Search for information on pollution reduction
- Value clean air in the environment

- Use digital devices to search for methods of reducing air pollution
- Discuss and write down methods of reducing air pollution
- Explore personal actions that can reduce air pollution
- Share findings with classmates

How can we reduce air pollution in our environment?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 66
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Notebook
- Writing materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 68
- Picture of Dandora dumpsite
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 69
- Pictures of ventilation systems

- Oral presentations - Written work - Group discussions

Matter

Composition of air - Methods of reducing air pollution
Composition of air - Safety precautions when working in an air polluted environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how VIP latrines help reduce air pollution
- Identify components of a VIP latrine
- Value proper sanitation for health

- Study picture of a Ventilated Improved Pit (VIP) latrine
- Identify and discuss the ventilation pipe and wire mesh
- Explain how VIP latrines reduce odors and improve air quality
- Discuss hygienic practices after using toilets

How do VIP latrines help reduce air pollution?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 70
- Picture of VIP latrine
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 71
- Picture of tree planting
- Safety equipment (goggles, masks, gloves)
- Pictures of safety equipment

- Oral presentations - Written work - Observation

Matter
Force and Energy

Composition of air - Community engagement
Composition of air - Assessment and reflection
Light - Movement of light

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan a community awareness campaign on air pollution
- Create posters on air pollution reduction
- Show responsibility for community air quality

- Discuss ways to engage the community in reducing air pollution
- Plan a school campaign on air pollution awareness
- Create posters about reducing air pollution
- Discuss proper waste disposal in the community

How can we engage the community in reducing air pollution?

- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 72
- Manila papers
- Colored markers
- Writing materials
- Digital devices
- SUPERMINDS Science & Technology pg. 73
- Poem about air
- Self-assessment worksheets
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 75
- Torch
- Cardboards
- String
- Nail
- Candle

- Poster assessment - Campaign plan - Group participation

Force and Energy

Light - Movement of light through materials
Light - Reflection of light on plane mirrors
Light - Reflection of light on plane mirrors
Light - Formation of shadows

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Investigate the movement of light through different materials
- Classify materials as transparent, translucent or opaque
- Value the importance of different materials based on their light properties

- Carry out activities to demonstrate the movement of light through transparent materials like clear glass
- Record and share observations with peers
- Use digital devices to find other examples of transparent materials

How does light move through different materials?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 77
- Torch
- Clear glass
- Digital devices
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 78
- Wax paper
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 79
- Block of wood
- Metal sheet
- Textbook
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 81
- Mirror
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 82
- Ball
- Plane mirror
- Torch/Sun
- Wall
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 85
- Opaque objects

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Force and Energy

Light - Formation of shadows
Light - Formation of rainbows
Light - Formation of eclipses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how the size of shadows changes with distance
- Explain factors affecting shadow formation
- Appreciate the application of shadows in daily life

- Carry out activities to show how shadow size changes with distance between light source, object, and screen
- Create and interpret shadow patterns
- Discuss real-life applications of shadows

What factors affect the size of shadows?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 86
- Torch
- Various objects
- Screen/wall
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 88
- Digital devices
- Pictures of rainbows
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 90
- Pictures of eclipses

- Observation - Oral questions - Written work

Force and Energy

Light - Image formation on plane mirrors
Light - Ray diagrams of images plane mirrors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe how images form on plane mirrors
- Identify characteristics of images formed on plane mirrors
- Appreciate the practical applications of image formation

- Place a lighted candle in front of a plane mirror and observe the image formed
- Discuss the characteristics of the image
- Record and share observations

How do mirrors form images?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 93
- Plane mirror
- Candle
- Matchbox
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 95
- Ruler
- Various objects
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 98
- Digital devices
- Drawing materials

- Observation - Practical activity - Oral questions

Force and Energy

Light - Ray diagrams of images plane mirrors
Light - Applications of movement of light
Light - Applications of movement of light

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use ray diagrams to explain characteristics of images in plane mirrors
- Predict image positions using ray diagrams
- Appreciate the use of diagrams in scientific explanations

- Draw ray diagrams to show lateral inversion in plane mirrors
- Use ray diagrams to explain why images appear behind mirrors
- Discuss characteristics of images using ray diagrams

How can we use ray diagrams to explain image characteristics?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 99
- Drawing materials
- Plane mirrors
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 101
- Digital devices
- Pictures of optical devices
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 105
- Empty milk cartons
- Rectangular mirrors
- Cardboard cutter
- Tape
- Ruler
- Scissors

- Observation - Drawing activity - Oral questions

Force and Energy

Levers as simple machines - Examples of levers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify common levers used in day to day life
- Demonstrate the use of common levers
- Appreciate the role of levers in making work easier

- Visit a playground to identify and play on a see-saw
- Demonstrate the use of simple items like bottle openers, scissors, spoons, and spades
- Discuss how these items make work easier

What are common examples of levers?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 108
- Bottle opener
- Scissors
- Spoon
- Spade
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 109
- Digital devices
- Hammer
- Nails
- Wood

- Observation - Practical activity - Oral questions

Force and Energy

Levers as simple machines - Examples of levers
Levers as simple machines - Parts of levers
Levers as simple machines - Parts of levers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Classify various tools and equipment as levers
- Explain how levers make work easier
- Show curiosity in identifying levers in the environment

- Study and identify levers from provided pictures
- Classify the pictures as levers or non-levers
- Discuss how the identified levers make work easier

What makes a tool a lever?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 110
- Pictures of various tools
- Real tools when available
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 111
- See-saw
- Pictures of levers
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 112
- Pictures of levers with labeled parts
- Real levers when available

- Observation - Oral questions - Written work

Force and Energy

Levers as simple machines - Parts of levers
Levers as simple machines - Classification of levers
Levers as simple machines - Classification of levers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate parts of different levers in the environment
- Draw and label parts of levers correctly
- Value the importance of understanding lever parts

- Search for different levers using digital devices or print materials
- Identify the load, fulcrum and effort for specific examples (beam balance, wheelbarrow, spoon, etc.)
- Record and discuss findings

How do we identify parts of different levers?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 113
- Digital devices
- Various levers
- Drawing materials
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 114
- Hammer
- Nail
- Wood
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 115
- Bottle opener
- Bottle of soda

- Observation - Drawing and labeling task - Written work

Force and Energy

Levers as simple machines - Classification of levers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify characteristics of third class levers
- Give examples of third class levers
- Show interest in the variety of levers in the environment

- Scoop sand using a spade to demonstrate a third class lever
- Discuss the position of the fulcrum, effort, and load in the spade
- Draw diagrams showing the arrangement of parts in third class levers

What makes a lever third class?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 116
- Spade
- Sand
- Drawing materials
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 118
- Digital devices
- Various levers
- Chart paper

- Observation - Practical activity - Drawing activity

Force and Energy

Levers as simple machines - Uses of levers in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the uses of levers in day-to-day life
- Demonstrate how levers make work easier
- Value the importance of levers in daily activities

- Study pictures showing people using common levers as simple machines
- Identify the lever in each picture and state its class
- Discuss how the levers are used to make work easier
- Demonstrate how to use the levers correctly

How do levers help us in daily life?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 119
- Various levers (hole punch, pliers, scissors, etc.)
- Pictures of levers in use
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 120
- Small nails
- Wooden ruler
- Small boards
- Binding wires
- Plastic containers
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 122
- Pictures of household levers
- Real household levers when available

- Observation - Practical demonstration - Oral questions

Force and Energy

Slopes as simple machines - Types of slopes
Slopes as simple machines - Different forms of slopes in the locality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of slopes as simple machines
- Explain how slopes work as simple machines
- Show interest in understanding slopes in the environment

- Study pictures of different slopes (ramps, staircases, etc.)
- Discuss what is common in the pictures and the importance of slopes
- Brainstorm on the meaning of a slope as a simple machine

What types of slopes do we use as machines?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 123
- Pictures of various slopes
- Real slopes in the school compound
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 124
- Raised platform
- Tyre
- Wooden board
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 125

- Observation - Oral questions - Written work

Force and Energy

Slopes as simple machines - Different forms of slopes in the locality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various slopes in the school environment
- Explain how slopes in the environment make work easier
- Value the importance of slopes in the environment

- Take a walk around the school environment to identify different forms of slopes
- Take pictures of slopes found in the environment
- Write a report on where slopes are used to make work easier

What slopes can we find in our environment?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 126
- Camera/mobile phone/tablet
- Notebook
- School environment
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 127
- Pictures taken during field walk
- Notes from field observation

- Observation - Field report - Oral presentation

Force and Energy

Slopes as simple machines - Different forms of slopes in the locality
Slopes as simple machines - Uses of slopes
Slopes as simple machines - Uses of slopes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the structure and function of wedges
- Identify examples of wedges in the environment
- Appreciate wedges as a form of slopes

- Study pictures of wedges (knives, axes, etc.)
- Discuss how wedges function as a combination of two inclined planes
- Identify examples of wedges in the school environment

How do wedges work as simple machines?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 128
- Pictures of wedges
- Real wedges when available
- Digital devices
- Pictures of elevators, escalators, and cableways
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 129
- Pictures of escalators

- Observation - Oral questions - Written work

Force and Energy

Slopes as simple machines - Uses of slopes
Slopes as simple machines - Importance of use of slopes in day-to-day life
Slopes as simple machines - Importance of use of slopes in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how cableways work as slope systems
- Describe the mechanical advantage of cableways
- Show interest in mechanical systems that use slopes

- Discuss how cableways work as transportation systems
- Use digital devices to research the structure and function of cableways
- Explain how cableways make transportation over difficult terrain easier

How do cableways use slope principles?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 129
- Digital devices
- Pictures of cableways
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 130
- Pictures of wheelchair ramps and accessibility slopes
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 131
- Pictures of sloped roads and recreational slopes

- Observation - Oral presentation - Written work

Force and Energy

Slopes as simple machines - Importance of use of slopes in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of slopes in construction and loading
- Identify how slopes are used in emergency situations
- Show interest in the practical applications of slopes

- Discuss how slopes facilitate moving materials in construction sites
- Explore applications of slopes in loading/unloading and emergency evacuation
- Create a mind map showing the various applications of slopes

How are slopes used in construction and emergencies?

SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 131
- Pictures showing construction ramps and emergency slides
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 132
- Digital devices
- Presentation materials
- Pieces of timber/wood
- Nails
- Hammer
- Tape measure
- Saw
SUPERMINDS Science and Technology pg. 133
- Ladder
- Other adjustable slopes if available

- Observation - Mind map creation - Oral questions