Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Fire Safety - Identifying possible causes of fire outbreak in the environment
Fire Safety - Flammable and combustible materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term fire
- Identify possible causes of fire outbreak in the environment
- Show interest in learning about fire safety

- Brainstorm on the meaning of fire
- Discuss the importance of fire in daily life
- Study pictures showing possible causes of fire outbreak and identify them
- Share experiences of fire outbreaks in their locality

How is fire important in daily life?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 1
- Digital resources
- Internet access and reference books
- Pictures of fire outbreaks
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 2
- Digital devices
- Pictures of flammable and combustible materials
- Internet access

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Fire Safety - Ways of preventing fire outbreaks in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways of preventing fire outbreaks in the environment
- Explain measures taken to prevent fire outbreaks at home and in school
- Show responsibility in preventing fire outbreaks

- Study pictures showing fire prevention measures
- Identify possible causes of fire in the pictures
- Discuss measures put in place to prevent fire outbreak in school and at home
- Identify safety measures taken to prevent fire outbreaks at home and in school

What measures can be put in place to prevent fire outbreaks?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 4
- Pictures showing fire prevention measures
- Digital resources
- Charts showing fire prevention measures

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Fire Safety - Extinguishing fires in the environment
Fire Safety - Importance of fire safety in the environment
Data Safety - Importance of data in an electronic device

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different methods of extinguishing fires
- Describe how each method is applied to fight fire
- Show willingness to apply appropriate firefighting techniques

- Explain the importance of observing fire safety in the environment
- Identify fire safety measures in different environments
- Appreciate the need for fire safety in day-to-day life

- Study pictures showing firefighting techniques
- Identify the firefighting methods being used in each picture
- Discuss how each method is applied to fight fire
- Describe how to deal with fire outbreaks in their locality
- Visit a nearby workplace to observe how fire safety is enhanced
- Identify fire safety measures put in place
- Discuss the need for fire safety in the workshop
- Note the presence of fire extinguishers and marked fire escape routes

What are the appropriate methods for extinguishing different types of fires?
Why is fire safety important in our environment?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 6
- Pictures showing firefighting techniques
- Digital resources
- Firefighting equipment
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 8
- Resource person
- Workplace in the locality
- Fire safety equipment
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 10
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Charts and posters

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests - Practical demonstration
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Data Safety - Identifying threats to data in an electronic device

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various threats to data in electronic devices
- Explain how these threats can harm data
- Show concern for data safety

- Study pictures showing threats displayed on digital devices
- Identify the threats displayed on the devices
- Discuss how the threats can harm the data in the devices
- Search for information on threats to data in electronic devices

What are the common threats to data in electronic devices?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 11
- Digital devices
- Pictures showing threats to data
- Internet access

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Meaning and classification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term computer hardware
- Classify computer hardware devices according to their functions
- Appreciate the importance of computer hardware in daily activities

- Brainstorm and present on the meaning of computer hardware
- Use available resources to search for information on categories of computer hardware
- Discuss the categories of computer hardware devices in a user environment
- Match available devices to their respective categories

How are computer hardware devices classified?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Digital devices
- Computer hardware components
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Input devices
Computer Hardware - Output devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various input devices used in computing
- Explain the functions of different input devices
- Show interest in exploring different input devices

- Identify various output devices used in computing
- Classify output devices as hardcopy or softcopy
- Value the role of output devices in computing

- Use available resources to search for information on input devices
- Categorize input devices into keying devices, pointing devices, scanning devices, voice input devices, touch screens, digitizers, and digital cameras
- Discuss the functions of various input devices
- Demonstrate the use of different input devices
- Use available resources to search for information on output devices
- Categorize output devices into hardcopy and softcopy devices
- Discuss the functions of various output devices
- Demonstrate the use of different output devices

What are the functions of different input devices?
How do output devices enhance user experience in computing?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Computer input devices (keyboards, mouse, scanners, etc.)
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Computer output devices (monitors, printers, speakers, etc.)
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical demonstration - Written tests

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Storage devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various storage devices used in computing
- Classify storage devices as fixed or removable
- Appreciate the importance of storage devices in data management

- Use available resources to search for information on storage devices
- Categorize storage devices into fixed and removable devices
- Discuss the functions of various storage devices
- Demonstrate the use of different storage devices

Why are storage devices essential in computing?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Computer storage devices (hard drives, flash drives, memory cards, etc.)
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical demonstration - Written tests

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Storage devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various storage devices used in computing
- Classify storage devices as fixed or removable
- Appreciate the importance of storage devices in data management

- Use available resources to search for information on storage devices
- Categorize storage devices into fixed and removable devices
- Discuss the functions of various storage devices
- Demonstrate the use of different storage devices

Why are storage devices essential in computing?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Computer storage devices (hard drives, flash drives, memory cards, etc.)
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical demonstration - Written tests

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Using input devices
Computer Hardware - Using output devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate the proper use of input devices
- Perform basic tasks using input devices
- Show confidence in using input devices

- Demonstrate the proper use of output devices
- Perform basic tasks using output devices
- Show interest in exploring output device capabilities

- Demonstrate how to use various input devices
- Practice using keyboards, mouse, scanners, and other input devices
- Perform specific tasks such as typing, scanning documents, and capturing images
- Share experiences using different input devices
- Demonstrate how to use various output devices
- Practice using monitors, printers, speakers, and other output devices
- Perform specific tasks such as printing documents and displaying presentations
- Share experiences using different output devices

How do we effectively use input devices for specific tasks?
How do we effectively use output devices for specific tasks?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Computer input devices
- Digital devices
- Task sheets
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Computer output devices
- Digital devices
- Task sheets

- Observation - Practical demonstration - Peer assessment - Task completion

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Using storage devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate the proper use of storage devices
- Perform data storage and retrieval tasks
- Appreciate the importance of proper data storage

- Demonstrate how to use various storage devices
- Practice using hard drives, flash drives, memory cards, and other storage devices
- Perform specific tasks such as saving files, creating backups, and retrieving data
- Share experiences using different storage devices

How do we effectively use storage devices for data management?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Computer storage devices
- Digital devices
- Task sheets

- Observation - Practical demonstration - Peer assessment - Task completion

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Using storage devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate the proper use of storage devices
- Perform data storage and retrieval tasks
- Appreciate the importance of proper data storage

- Demonstrate how to use various storage devices
- Practice using hard drives, flash drives, memory cards, and other storage devices
- Perform specific tasks such as saving files, creating backups, and retrieving data
- Share experiences using different storage devices

How do we effectively use storage devices for data management?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Computer storage devices
- Digital devices
- Task sheets

- Observation - Practical demonstration - Peer assessment - Task completion

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Importance of computer hardware
Computer Hardware - Maintenance of computer hardware

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of computer hardware in daily activities
- Identify applications of computer hardware in various fields
- Show appreciation for the role of computer hardware in modern society

- Identify proper maintenance practices for computer hardware
- Demonstrate basic hardware maintenance procedures
- Value the importance of proper hardware maintenance

- Discuss the importance of computer hardware in education, business, healthcare, and other fields
- Share experiences on how computer hardware has impacted daily life
- Create presentations on the applications of computer hardware
- Debate on the importance of computer hardware in modern society
- Discuss proper maintenance practices for computer hardware
- Demonstrate basic maintenance procedures such as cleaning keyboards and monitors
- Research and present on common hardware issues and their solutions
- Create maintenance schedules for computer hardware

How has computer hardware transformed modern society?
Why is proper maintenance of computer hardware important?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Case studies on computer hardware applications
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Computer hardware components
- Cleaning materials
- Maintenance guides
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Debate participation
- Observation - Practical demonstration - Oral presentations - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Safety when using computer hardware

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify safety measures when using computer hardware
- Explain the importance of safety in computer usage
- Show responsibility in observing safety measures

- Discuss safety measures when using computer hardware
- Create posters on computer safety
- Role-play proper and improper computer usage scenarios
- Research and present on the health implications of improper computer usage

What safety measures should be observed when using computer hardware?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Digital devices
- Safety posters
- Reference materials
- Case studies on computer-related health issues

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Role-play performance

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Safety when using computer hardware

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify safety measures when using computer hardware
- Explain the importance of safety in computer usage
- Show responsibility in observing safety measures

- Discuss safety measures when using computer hardware
- Create posters on computer safety
- Role-play proper and improper computer usage scenarios
- Research and present on the health implications of improper computer usage

What safety measures should be observed when using computer hardware?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Digital devices
- Safety posters
- Reference materials
- Case studies on computer-related health issues

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Role-play performance

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Hardware - Technological trends in computer hardware

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify current trends in computer hardware
- Explain how technological advancements have improved computer hardware
- Show interest in keeping up with technological trends

- Research and discuss current trends in computer hardware
- Compare older hardware with newer versions
- Create timelines showing the evolution of computer hardware
- Debate on the impact of technological advancements on computer hardware

How have technological advancements shaped computer hardware evolution?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Internet access
- Historical and current images of computer hardware

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Debate participation

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Consumer and Investor Protection - Meaning and importance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define consumer and investor protection
- Explain the importance of consumer and investor protection in Kenya
- Appreciate the need for protection of consumers and investors

- Brainstorm and present on the meaning and importance of consumer and investor protection in Kenya
- Use available resources to search for information on the importance of consumer and investor protection
- Discuss the rights of consumers and investors
- Share experiences related to consumer and investor protection

Why is consumer and investor protection important in Kenya?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Case studies on consumer and investor protection

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Class discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Consumer and Investor Protection - Ways of protecting consumers and investors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways in which consumers protect themselves
- Explain ways in which the government protects consumers and investors
- Show concern for consumer and investor rights

- Share experiences on ways in which consumers and investors protect themselves
- Discuss and present on ways in which the Government protects consumers and investors
- Research on consumer protection laws and regulations
- Role-play scenarios involving consumer and investor protection

How do consumers and investors protect themselves from exploitation?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Case studies on consumer and investor protection
- Government publications on consumer protection

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Role-play performance

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Consumer and Investor Protection - Ways of protecting consumers and investors
Consumer and Investor Protection - Role of organizations in protection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways in which consumers protect themselves
- Explain ways in which the government protects consumers and investors
- Show concern for consumer and investor rights

- Identify organizations that protect consumers and investors in Kenya
- Explain the roles of these organizations
- Value the contribution of these organizations in consumer and investor protection

- Share experiences on ways in which consumers and investors protect themselves
- Discuss and present on ways in which the Government protects consumers and investors
- Research on consumer protection laws and regulations
- Role-play scenarios involving consumer and investor protection
- Use print or digital media to search for information on ways in which non-Governmental organizations protect consumers' and investors' concerns in Kenya
- Engage a resource person to discuss ways in which non-Governmental organizations protect consumers' and investors' concerns
- Create posters highlighting organizations involved in consumer and investor protection
- Discuss the roles of specific organizations

How do consumers and investors protect themselves from exploitation?
What role do non-governmental organizations play in consumer and investor protection?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Case studies on consumer and investor protection
- Government publications on consumer protection
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Digital devices
- Resource person
- Reference materials
- Publications from consumer protection organizations

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Role-play performance
- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Poster assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Consumer and Investor Protection - Government financial regulators

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify government financial regulators in Kenya
- Explain the roles of financial regulators
- Appreciate the role of government in financial regulation

- Read and analyze a case study on Government financial regulators in Kenya
- Research on specific financial regulators such as the Central Bank of Kenya, Capital Markets Authority, and Insurance Regulatory Authority
- Discuss the functions of each regulator
- Create presentations on financial regulation in Kenya

How do government financial regulators protect consumers and investors?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8
- Digital devices
- Case studies on financial regulation
- Reference materials
- Government publications on financial regulation

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Case study analysis

Communication

Business Communication - Forms of communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various forms of communication in a work environment
- Classify channels of communication under each form
- Appreciate the importance of effective communication

- Brainstorm on forms and channels of communication in the work environment
- Use available resources to explore the channels of communication under each form
- Categorize forms of communication as verbal, non-verbal, and written
- Create presentations on different forms of communication

What are the different forms of communication used in a work environment?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 18
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Charts showing forms of communication

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Class discussions

Communication

Business Communication - Channels of communication
Business Communication - Factors in selecting communication channels

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various channels of communication in a work environment
- Explain the features of different communication channels
- Show interest in exploring different communication channels

- Identify factors considered when selecting channels of communication
- Explain how these factors influence channel selection
- Demonstrate good judgment in selecting appropriate communication channels

- Use available resources to explore the channels of communication under each form
- Discuss the features of different communication channels such as face-to-face, telephone, email, memos, and social media
- Role-play using different communication channels
- Create presentations on communication channels
- Discuss and present the factors considered when selecting channels of communication
- Analyze scenarios requiring different communication channels
- Create decision trees for selecting appropriate communication channels
- Role-play selecting communication channels for different situations

What channels of communication are commonly used in business?
What factors should be considered when selecting a communication channel?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 18
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Charts showing communication channels
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 18
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Case studies on communication channel selection

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Role-play performance

Communication

Business Communication - Effective communication skills
Business Communication - Communication barriers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify skills needed for effective communication
- Demonstrate effective communication skills
- Value the importance of good communication skills

- Discuss skills needed for effective communication
- Demonstrate effective speaking, listening, and writing skills
- Role-play effective and ineffective communication scenarios
- Create presentations on effective communication skills

How can we improve our communication skills?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 18
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Communication skills guides
- Case studies on communication barriers

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Role-play performance

Communication

Business Communication - Ethical practices in communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between ethical and unethical practices in business communication
- Explain the importance of ethical communication
- Show commitment to ethical communication practices

- Read and analyze a case study on ethical and unethical practices in communication
- Debate on ethical practices in communication
- Role-play scenarios involving ethical and unethical communication
- Create presentations on ethical communication practices

Why is ethical communication important in business?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 18
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Case studies on ethical communication

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Debate participation

Communication

Business Communication - Importance of effective communication
Plain Scale Drawing - Features of a plain scale
Plain Scale Drawing - Constructing a plain scale

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of effective communication in a work environment
- Identify the consequences of poor communication
- Appreciate the role of communication in business success

- Explain the process of constructing a plain scale
- Demonstrate how to construct a plain scale
- Show interest in scale drawing

- Discuss the importance of effective communication in different work environments
- Share experiences of how communication affects business outcomes
- Create presentations on the impact of effective communication
- Debate on the role of communication in business success
- Use drawing instruments to construct a plain scale
- Follow step-by-step instructions for constructing plain scales
- Practice constructing plain scales with different representative fractions
- Share and evaluate constructed plain scales

How does effective communication contribute to business success?
How is a plain scale constructed?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 18
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Case studies on communication impact
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 41
- Drawing instruments
- Drawing books
- Charts showing plain scales
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 41
- Drawing instruments
- Drawing books
- Plain papers
- Charts showing construction steps

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Debate participation
- Observation - Drawing assessment - Peer evaluation - Practical demonstration

Communication

Plain Scale Drawing - Interpreting a plain scale

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read measurements from a plain scale
- Convert measurements according to the scale
- Show confidence in interpreting plain scales

- Discuss how to read plain scales
- Practice reading measurements from different plain scales
- Convert actual measurements to scaled measurements and vice versa
- Solve problems involving plain scale interpretation

How do we interpret measurements from a plain scale?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 43
- Drawing instruments
- Drawing books
- Plain scales
- Measurement problems

- Observation - Problem-solving assessment - Oral questions - Written tests

Communication

Plain Scale Drawing - Interpreting a plain scale

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read measurements from a plain scale
- Convert measurements according to the scale
- Show confidence in interpreting plain scales

- Discuss how to read plain scales
- Practice reading measurements from different plain scales
- Convert actual measurements to scaled measurements and vice versa
- Solve problems involving plain scale interpretation

How do we interpret measurements from a plain scale?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 43
- Drawing instruments
- Drawing books
- Plain scales
- Measurement problems

- Observation - Problem-solving assessment - Oral questions - Written tests

Communication

Plain Scale Drawing - Drawing plane figures to scale
Plain Scale Drawing - Applications of scale drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert actual measurements to drawing measurements using a given scale
- Draw plane figures according to a given scale
- Show accuracy in scale drawing

- Identify applications of scale drawing in different fields
- Draw objects to scale for specific purposes
- Appreciate the importance of scale drawing in real-life applications

- Use visual aids to identify drawings drawn to different scales
- Practice drawing plane figures to a given plain scale
- Calculate drawing dimensions from actual dimensions using representative fractions
- Create scale drawings of simple objects
- Practice drawing plane figures to a given plain scale
- Discuss applications of scale drawing in architecture, engineering, and cartography
- Create scale drawings of classroom objects or school buildings
- Share and evaluate scale drawings

How do we convert actual measurements to drawing measurements?
How is scale drawing applied in different fields?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 45
- Drawing instruments
- Drawing books
- Plain papers
- Rulers and calculators
- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 48
- Drawing instruments
- Drawing books
- Plain papers
- Examples of scale drawings

- Observation - Drawing assessment - Calculation accuracy - Practical demonstration
- Observation - Drawing assessment - Oral presentations - Peer evaluation

Communication

Plain Scale Drawing - Use of plain scale drawing in work environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the uses of plain scale drawing in a work environment
- Identify professions that utilize scale drawing
- Value the importance of scale drawing in various industries

- Discuss the uses of plain scale drawing in the work environment
- Analyze examples of scale drawings used in different industries
- Research and present on how different professions use scale drawing
- Create presentations on the importance of scale drawing

How is plain scale drawing used in various work environments?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 49
- Drawing instruments
- Examples of professional scale drawings
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Research evaluation

Communication

Plain Scale Drawing - Use of plain scale drawing in work environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the uses of plain scale drawing in a work environment
- Identify professions that utilize scale drawing
- Value the importance of scale drawing in various industries

- Discuss the uses of plain scale drawing in the work environment
- Analyze examples of scale drawings used in different industries
- Research and present on how different professions use scale drawing
- Create presentations on the importance of scale drawing

How is plain scale drawing used in various work environments?

- MENTOR Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 49
- Drawing instruments
- Examples of professional scale drawings
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments - Research evaluation

Materials for Production

Composite Materials - Composite materials in the locality
Composite Materials - Composition of composite materials in the locality
Composite Materials - Constituent materials of composites

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify composite materials in the locality
- Explain the concept of composite materials
- Show interest in identifying different composite materials in the locality

- Describe the composition of concrete as a composite material
- Identify the constituent materials in a composite
- Value the importance of knowing the composition of composite materials

- Study pictures of composite materials and identify them
- Identify composite materials found in their locality
- Discuss the constituent materials of the composites
- Share work with other groups
- Identify composite materials shown in pictures
- Discuss the constituent materials of the composites
- Use digital or print resources to search for information on constituent materials of concrete
- Present findings in class

How can composite materials be identified?
How are composite materials made?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 63
- Visual aids and realia of composite materials
- Digital devices
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 65
- Visual aids
- Digital devices
- Internet connectivity
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 66
- Realia (bricks, papier-mâché items)

- Observation - Question and answer - Written test
- Observation - Peer assessment - Written assignment

Materials for Production

Composite Materials - Composition of manufactured boards and plastic-coated paper

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify constituent materials of manufactured boards
- Describe the composition of plastic-coated paper
- Show curiosity in understanding different composite materials

- Use digital devices to search for information on constituent materials of manufactured boards and plastic-coated paper
- Discuss findings in groups
- Share findings with classmates

What materials are used to make manufactured boards?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 66
- Digital devices
- Internet connectivity
- Samples of manufactured boards and plastic-coated paper

- Observation - Question and answer - Written test

Materials for Production

Composite Materials - Relating composite materials to their use
Composite Materials - Uses in work environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different uses of composite materials
- Match composite materials to their uses
- Value the importance of composite materials in daily life

- Match composite materials to their uses
- Identify work environments where composite materials are used
- Discuss the uses of composite materials

How are composite materials used in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 67
- Charts showing composite materials and their uses
- Realia of composite materials
- Pictures of composite materials in use
- Digital devices
- Video clips

- Question and answer - Matching exercises - Observation

Materials for Production

Composite Materials - Importance of composite materials
Ceramic Materials - Common ceramic materials in the locality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of composite materials in the locality
- Identify structures made from composite materials
- Appreciate the value of composite materials in improving living standards

- Identify common ceramic materials in the locality
- Distinguish ceramic materials from other materials
- Show interest in ceramic materials found in the locality

- Identify structures made from composite materials in the locality
- Explain the importance of these structures to the community
- Discuss how composite materials have impacted lives in the community
- Present findings to classmates
- Study pictures of items made from ceramic materials
- Identify the ceramic items in each picture
- Discuss the ceramic materials used to make the items
- Share findings with classmates

Why are composite materials important in our daily lives?
How can ceramic materials be identified?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 69
- Charts on importance of composite materials
- Digital devices
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 71
- Visual aids of ceramic items
- Realia of ceramic materials

- Question and answer - Group presentation - Written test
- Observation - Question and answer - Written assignment

Materials for Production

Ceramic Materials - Identifying and collecting ceramic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Collect various ceramic items from the locality
- Classify different types of ceramic materials
- Value the importance of proper identification of ceramic materials

- Take a walk around the locality to identify ceramic items
- Collect some of the items
- Write down the names of the items
- Discuss the ceramic materials used to make the items

What types of ceramic materials are found in our locality?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 73
- Samples of ceramic materials
- Digital devices

- Observation - Portfolio assessment - Question and answer

Materials for Production

Ceramic Materials - Physical properties of ceramic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of physical properties
- Describe the physical properties of ceramic materials
- Appreciate the unique properties of ceramic materials

- Brainstorm the meaning of physical properties
- Discuss the physical properties of ceramic materials
- Use print and digital media to search for information on physical properties of ceramic materials
- Share findings with the class

What are the physical properties of ceramic materials?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 74
- Digital devices
- Internet connectivity
- Visual aids showing properties of ceramic materials

- Question and answer - Written test - Group presentation

Materials for Production

Ceramic Materials - Investigating properties of ceramic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Investigate the brittleness of ceramic materials
- Test ceramic materials for fire and heat resistance
- Show curiosity in exploring properties of ceramic materials

- Investigate properties of ceramic materials such as brittleness, fire resistance, heat resistance and water resistance
- Record observations
- Discuss findings in groups
- Share findings with classmates

How can we test the properties of ceramic materials?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 75
- Ceramic items for testing
- Heat source
- Water
- Safety equipment

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written report

Materials for Production

Ceramic Materials - Relating ceramic materials to their uses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Match ceramic materials to their uses in work environments
- Explain the relationship between properties and uses of ceramic materials
- Appreciate the versatility of ceramic materials

- Match ceramic items with their uses in the work environment
- Present findings in class
- Discuss how properties of ceramic materials determine their uses

How does the property of a ceramic material determine its use?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 77
- Charts showing ceramic materials and their uses
- Samples of ceramic materials

- Matching exercises - Observation - Question and answer

Materials for Production

Ceramic Materials - Uses of ceramic materials in work environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Search for information on uses of ceramic materials
- Categorize ceramic materials according to their uses
- Show interest in how ceramic materials are used in various industries

- Use digital or print resources to search for information on uses of ceramic materials
- Prepare a chart showing types of ceramic materials and their uses
- Visit workplaces to identify ceramic materials being used
- Share findings with classmates

How are ceramic materials used in different work environments?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 78
- Digital devices
- Internet connectivity
- Charts and tables

- Written assignment - Group presentation - Question and answer

Materials for Production

Ceramic Materials - Uses of ceramic materials in work environments
Ceramic Materials - Importance of ceramic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Search for information on uses of ceramic materials
- Categorize ceramic materials according to their uses
- Show interest in how ceramic materials are used in various industries

- Explain the importance of ceramic materials in daily life
- Discuss the economic value of ceramic materials
- Appreciate the role of ceramic materials in improving quality of life

- Use digital or print resources to search for information on uses of ceramic materials
- Prepare a chart showing types of ceramic materials and their uses
- Visit workplaces to identify ceramic materials being used
- Share findings with classmates
- Study pictures of people making and using ceramic materials
- Identify ceramic materials shown in the pictures
- Discuss the importance of ceramic materials in the locality
- Debate on the importance of ceramic materials in daily life

How are ceramic materials used in different work environments?
Why are ceramic materials important in our lives?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 78
- Digital devices
- Internet connectivity
- Charts and tables
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies pg. 79
- Pictures of ceramic materials in use
- Digital devices
- Internet connectivity

- Written assignment - Group presentation - Question and answer
- Debate assessment - Question and answer - Written assignment