Natural and Historic Built Environments

Elements of a Map

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the key elements of a map
- appreciate the use of maps in understanding the environment
- desire to learn more about maps

Learners:
- brainstorm in groups the key elements of a map (title, frame, scale, compass, key)
- locate elements of a map in groups, using a sketch map, wall map, atlas and digital maps
- discuss the various areas where maps are used in their daily lives

How do we use maps in our daily lives?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 1
- Wall maps
- Digital maps
- Atlas
- Flash cards
- Pictures showing maps
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 3
- Manila papers
- Colored pencils
- Charts
- Digital devices

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Elements of a Map

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- interpret features in a map using the key elements
- apply knowledge of map elements in reading maps
- value the importance of map elements in interpreting maps

Learners:
- use the key to identify features represented on the map
- use the scale to determine distances between features on the map
- use the compass to determine direction of one feature from another
- identify activities shown on the map using symbols

How do we interpret maps?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 5
- Various types of maps
- Plain paper
- String
- Ruler
- Digital maps

- Written tests - Oral questions - Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Elements of a Map

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- draw a sketch map indicating the key elements
- interpret information from a map
- show interest in interpreting maps

Learners:
- draw a sketch map of an area showing various features
- locate important features using the key elements
- find the direction of one feature from another using a compass
- measure distances using a scale

How do we create and read maps?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 7
- Drawing materials
- Rulers
- Manila papers
- Digital devices

- Projects - Portfolios - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Elements of a Map
Location, Position and Size of Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the uses of maps in daily life
- apply knowledge of maps in daily activities
- appreciate the use of maps in daily life

Learners:
- discuss the various uses of maps in daily life
- role play situations where maps are used (by pilots, drivers, surveyors)
- use digital devices to search for location of their school and home using Google maps
- play games on elements of a map

Why are maps important in our daily lives?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 9
- Digital devices
- Google Maps
- Playing cards with names of elements of maps
- Atlas
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 10
- Wall map of East Africa
- Manila papers
- Digital maps

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Location, Position and Size of Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- locate the position of Kenya in relation to her neighbors using compass directions
- draw maps indicating Kenya's position in relation to neighbors
- value Kenya's geographical position

Learners:
- locate Kenya on the map of East Africa
- describe the position of Kenya in relation to neighboring countries using compass directions
- use cut-outs to locate the position of Kenya in relation to her neighbors
- draw maps showing Kenya's position using compass directions

What is the position of Kenya in relation to her neighbors?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 12
- Wall map of East Africa
- Cut-outs of countries
- Atlas
- Digital maps

- Observation schedules - Written tests - Projects

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Location, Position and Size of Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the size of Kenya in square kilometers
- compare the size of Kenya with neighboring countries
- appreciate Kenya's geographical size

Learners:
- study a map of Kenya and her neighbors
- identify countries that are larger and smaller than Kenya
- find out the size of Kenya and neighboring countries in square kilometers
- arrange countries from smallest to largest

How does the size of Kenya compare with that of neighboring countries?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 14
- Wall map of East Africa
- Atlas
- Digital resources
- Drawing materials

- Written tests - Oral questions - Projects

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Location, Position and Size of Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain ways of promoting good relations between Kenya and her neighbors
- demonstrate understanding of the importance of good neighborliness
- value good relations between Kenya and her neighbors

Learners:
- discuss ways to promote good relations between Kenya and her neighbors
- write an essay on promoting good relations between Kenya and neighbors
- compose songs and poems about Kenya and her neighbors
- discuss benefits of good relations with neighboring countries

How can we promote good relations with our neighboring countries?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 15
- Resource persons
- Digital resources
- Pictures
- Charts

- Observation - Written assignments - Oral presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Location, Position and Size of Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- draw a map of Kenya showing her neighbors and size
- demonstrate understanding of Kenya's geographical position
- appreciate Kenya's location in East Africa

Learners:
- draw a map of Kenya showing neighboring countries
- indicate the size of Kenya in square kilometers on the map
- label the Indian Ocean
- create a display of Kenya and her neighbors for the class

Why is Kenya's geographical position important?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 16
- Atlas
- Drawing materials
- Digital maps
- Wall maps

- Projects - Written assignments - Oral presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Main Physical Features in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main physical features in Kenya
- classify physical features into relief and drainage features
- appreciate the diversity of physical features in Kenya

Learners:
- take a nature walk to identify physical features in the local area
- identify main physical features in Kenya from word search puzzles
- classify physical features into relief features (mountains, plateaus, plains, hills, valleys) and drainage features (lakes, rivers, oceans, swamps)
- take pictures or videos of physical features in the local area

Why are physical features important?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 17
- Pictures of physical features
- Digital cameras/devices
- Word search puzzles
- Charts

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Main Physical Features in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main physical features in Kenya
- classify physical features into relief and drainage features
- appreciate the diversity of physical features in Kenya

Learners:
- take a nature walk to identify physical features in the local area
- identify main physical features in Kenya from word search puzzles
- classify physical features into relief features (mountains, plateaus, plains, hills, valleys) and drainage features (lakes, rivers, oceans, swamps)
- take pictures or videos of physical features in the local area

Why are physical features important?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 17
- Pictures of physical features
- Digital cameras/devices
- Word search puzzles
- Charts

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Main Physical Features in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- locate the main physical features in Kenya on a map
- draw a map showing main physical features
- show willingness to protect physical features

Learners:
- use digital devices or atlas to locate main physical features in Kenya
- draw a map of Kenya and locate the main physical features
- model physical features using locally available materials (bean seeds for hills, maize seeds for lakes, small stones for mountains)
- display the chart at the Social Studies Corner

How are physical features distributed in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 20
- Atlas
- Wall map of Kenya
- Digital maps
- Manila paper
- Local materials for modeling

- Projects - Observation - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Main Physical Features in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain ways of caring for physical features
- participate in activities to conserve physical features
- value the physical features found in Kenya

Learners:
- discuss the importance of physical features
- identify ways of taking care of physical features
- participate in activities to conserve physical features in the local environment
- create awareness on the importance of conserving physical features

How can we care for physical features?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 23
- Pictures of physical features
- Digital resources
- Resource persons
- Charts

- Observation schedules - Written assignments - Projects

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- differentiate between weather and climate
- identify elements of weather in the environment
- appreciate different weather conditions

Learners:
- observe and describe current weather conditions outside the classroom
- study pictures showing different weather conditions
- discuss the differences between weather and climate
- identify elements of weather (rainfall, wind, temperature, cloud cover)

What is the difference between weather and climate?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 25
- Pictures showing different weather conditions
- Weather instruments
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- differentiate between weather and climate
- identify elements of weather in the environment
- appreciate different weather conditions

Learners:
- observe and describe current weather conditions outside the classroom
- study pictures showing different weather conditions
- discuss the differences between weather and climate
- identify elements of weather (rainfall, wind, temperature, cloud cover)

What is the difference between weather and climate?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 25
- Pictures showing different weather conditions
- Weather instruments
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain factors that determine weather conditions
- describe different weather elements
- show interest in observing weather elements

Learners:
- discuss factors that determine weather conditions of a place
- match weather conditions with elements of weather
- observe and record daily weather conditions
- discuss the role of meteorologists

How do we describe weather conditions?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 27
- Weather charts
- Pictures
- Digital resources
- Weather recording instruments

- Written assignments - Observation schedules - Oral questions

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main climatic regions in Kenya
- locate climatic regions on a map of Kenya
- value different climatic regions in Kenya

Learners:
- use an atlas to locate the main climatic regions in Kenya
- identify the number of climatic regions in Kenya
- draw a map of Kenya showing climatic regions
- discuss the distribution of climatic regions in Kenya

Why do we experience different climatic conditions in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 29
- Atlas
- Wall map of Kenya showing climatic regions
- Digital maps
- Drawing materials

- Projects - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main climatic regions in Kenya
- locate climatic regions on a map of Kenya
- value different climatic regions in Kenya

Learners:
- use an atlas to locate the main climatic regions in Kenya
- identify the number of climatic regions in Kenya
- draw a map of Kenya showing climatic regions
- discuss the distribution of climatic regions in Kenya

Why do we experience different climatic conditions in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 29
- Atlas
- Wall map of Kenya showing climatic regions
- Digital maps
- Drawing materials

- Projects - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- describe characteristics of the main climatic regions in Kenya
- match climatic regions with their characteristics
- appreciate the diversity of climate in Kenya

Learners:
- discuss characteristics of main climatic regions in Kenya
- create flashcards on characteristics of climatic regions
- match climatic regions with their characteristics
- discuss the climate of their local area

What are the characteristics of different climatic regions in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 30
- Atlas
- Wall map showing climatic regions
- Digital resources
- Flashcards

- Written tests - Oral questions - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain effects of extreme weather conditions
- discuss how weather and climate influence economic activities
- show concern for areas affected by extreme weather

Learners:
- find out from parents/guardians about effects of extreme weather conditions
- discuss economic activities associated with different climatic conditions
- recite poems about climate and economic activities
- watch video clips on climatic regions in Kenya

How does climate influence economic activities?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 32
- Digital resources
- Pictures
- Resource persons
- Video clips

- Written assignments - Oral presentations - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- acknowledge different climatic conditions in planning for day-to-day activities
- show how weather and climate influence daily activities
- appreciate importance of weather forecasts

Learners:
- compose songs acknowledging different climatic conditions
- discuss how weather and climate influence daily activities
- plan activities appropriate for different weather conditions
- discuss the importance of weather forecasts

How do we plan our activities based on weather and climate?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 33
- Weather forecasts
- Digital resources
- Pictures
- Charts

- Oral presentations - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- acknowledge different climatic conditions in planning for day-to-day activities
- show how weather and climate influence daily activities
- appreciate importance of weather forecasts

Learners:
- compose songs acknowledging different climatic conditions
- discuss how weather and climate influence daily activities
- plan activities appropriate for different weather conditions
- discuss the importance of weather forecasts

How do we plan our activities based on weather and climate?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 33
- Weather forecasts
- Digital resources
- Pictures
- Charts

- Oral presentations - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

The Built Environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main historic built environments in Kenya
- explain the purpose of historic built environments
- appreciate historic built environments

Learners:
- study pictures of historic built environments
- brainstorm the main historic built environments in Kenya (museums, monuments, cultural centers, historical buildings)
- use digital/print resources to identify historic built environments
- match pictures with explanations about historic built environments

What are historic built environments?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 34
- Pictures of historic built environments
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Resource persons

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

The Built Environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main historic built environments in Kenya
- explain the purpose of historic built environments
- appreciate historic built environments

Learners:
- study pictures of historic built environments
- brainstorm the main historic built environments in Kenya (museums, monuments, cultural centers, historical buildings)
- use digital/print resources to identify historic built environments
- match pictures with explanations about historic built environments

What are historic built environments?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 34
- Pictures of historic built environments
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Resource persons

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

The Built Environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- show the main historic built environments in Kenya on a map
- identify the location of various historic built environments
- value the preservation of historic built environments

Learners:
- study a map showing the location of main historic built environments in Kenya
- identify historic built environments shown on the map
- draw a map locating historic built environments in Kenya
- discuss the distribution of historic built environments across Kenya

Where are historic built environments located in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 36
- Map of Kenya showing historic built environments
- Atlas
- Digital maps
- Drawing materials

- Projects - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Natural and Historic Built Environments

The Built Environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain strategies to conserve historic built environments
- develop methods to conserve built environments
- show willingness to participate in conservation efforts

Learners:
- discuss why we should conserve historic built environments
- identify strategies people are using to conserve historic built environments
- research strategies for conserving historic built environments
- prepare posters on conservation of historic built environments

How can we conserve historic built environments?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 37
- Pictures
- Digital resources
- Resource persons
- Manila papers

- Projects - Written assignments - Oral presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments

The Built Environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain strategies to conserve historic built environments
- develop methods to conserve built environments
- show willingness to participate in conservation efforts

Learners:
- discuss why we should conserve historic built environments
- identify strategies people are using to conserve historic built environments
- research strategies for conserving historic built environments
- prepare posters on conservation of historic built environments

How can we conserve historic built environments?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 37
- Pictures
- Digital resources
- Resource persons
- Manila papers

- Projects - Written assignments - Oral presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments

The Built Environments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the importance of conserving historic built environments
- participate in conserving historic built environments
- appreciate the need for conserving historic built environments

Learners:
- discuss the importance of conserving historic built environments
- prepare posters on the importance of conserving historic built environments
- visit a historic built environment in the locality
- participate in collecting rubbish and cleaning the environment

Why is it important to conserve historic built environments?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 39
- Historic built environment in locality
- Digital cameras
- Manila papers
- Charts

- Field reports - Observation schedules - Projects

People, Population and Social Organisations

Language Groups in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify the main language groups in Kenya
- show understanding of language diversity in Kenya
- appreciate diversity of language groups in Kenya

Learners:
- brainstorm in groups the main language groups in Kenya (The Nilotes, Bantu, Cushites)
- talk about communities who speak related languages
- identify communities belonging to the same language groups
- study pictures showing representatives of different language groups

What language groups are found in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 43
- Pictures of people from different communities
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Maps

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

People, Population and Social Organisations

Language Groups in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- classify Kenyan communities into their respective language groups
- research the origins of main language groups
- value the diversity of language groups in Kenya

Learners:
- use digital devices to search for information on main language groups in Kenya
- organize communities into their respective language groups
- complete a table showing language groups, their origins, and examples of communities
- present their findings to the class

How are language groups related?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 45
- Digital devices
- Atlas
- Charts
- Resource persons
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 47
- Pictures
- Digital resources

- Written assignments - Oral presentations - Observation

People, Population and Social Organisations

Language Groups in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain benefits of interdependence of language groups in Kenya
- identify the positive outcomes of language group interactions
- appreciate the benefits of interdependence among language groups

Learners:
- engage a resource person to find out the benefits of interdependence of language groups
- read a conversation about benefits of interdependence
- make a poster showing benefits of interdependence
- write a composition on benefits of interdependence

What are the benefits of interactions among language groups?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 48
- Resource persons
- Manila papers
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Written assignments - Projects - Oral presentations

People, Population and Social Organisations

Language Groups in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- demonstrate understanding of cultural expressions from different language groups
- create cultural expressions showing interdependence
- show appreciation for cultural diversity

Learners:
- compose poems and songs that depict interdependence during cultural events
- narrate African stories on the origin of various language groups in Kenya
- listen keenly and actively to cultural expressions from different communities
- create communication messages on benefits of interdependence

How do we benefit by interacting with different language groups in Kenya?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 49
- Resource persons
- Audio-visual materials
- Digital resources
- Traditional artifacts

- Oral presentations - Performance assessment - Observation

People, Population and Social Organisations

Population Distribution in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the concept of population density
- identify areas of high and low population density
- show interest in understanding population distribution

Learners:
- study a map of an area and identify parts with high and low population density
- describe the population distribution in the area around the school
- discuss the meaning of population density
- differentiate between densely populated and sparsely populated areas

What is population distribution?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 50
- Maps showing population distribution
- Atlas
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 52
- Map of Kenya showing population distribution
- Drawing materials
- Digital maps

- Observation schedules - Oral questions - Written tests

People, Population and Social Organisations

Population Distribution in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- acknowledge the impact of population distribution in Kenya
- explain how population distribution affects development
- show awareness of population-related challenges

Learners:
- debate on how population distribution has impacted resources
- create a skit showing the impact of population distribution on housing, food security, education, and health services
- play computer games on population distribution
- discuss solutions to population-related challenges

How does population distribution affect development?

- Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 53
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Resource persons
- Pictures

- Debate assessment - Performance assessment - Observation schedules