Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Components of Pre-Technical Studies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify components of Pre-Technical Studies as a learning area
- Explain the meaning of Pre-Technical Studies
- Appreciate the importance of each component of Pre-Technical Studies

- Brainstorm on the components of Pre-Technical Studies as a learning area
- Study pictures showing different components of Pre-Technical Studies
- Discuss the meaning of Pre-Technical Studies

What makes up Pre-Technical Studies?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 1
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Role of Pre-Technical Studies in day-to-day life
Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Pre-Technical Studies in career development (Part 1)
Introduction to Pre-Technical Studies - Pre-Technical Studies in career development (Part 2)
Safety in the Work Environment - Potential physical safety threats

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the role of Pre-Technical Studies in day-to-day life
- Discuss how Pre-Technical Studies helps solve practical problems
- Value the application of Pre-Technical Studies in daily activities

- Discuss and present the role of Pre-Technical Studies in day-to-day life
- Study pictures showing how knowledge acquired in Pre-Technical Studies helps in day-to-day life
- List down tasks people do on a daily basis in the community

Why is Pre-Technical Studies important in day-to-day life?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 2
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Career brochures
- Career magazines

- Question and answer - Observation - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Work Environment - Online safety threats
Safety in the Work Environment - Physical threats to digital devices
Safety in the Work Environment - Personal data protection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify online safety threats in a work environment
- Explain digital threats to personal safety
- Show concern for online safety

- Use print or digital media to search for information on online threats in a work environment
- List online threats (cyberbullying, impersonation, phishing, hacking, friend requests from unknown people)
- Discuss online safety threats

How can online threats be safeguarded against?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 5
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
l

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Safety in the Work Environment - Safety rules and regulations
Safety in the Work Environment - Practicing safety

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss safety rules and regulations in a work environment
- Explain different safety rules for different contexts
- Value following safety protocols

- Discuss safety rules and regulations in a work environment
- Discuss safety rules for performing tasks, handling materials, and using tools
- Create safety posters for display in class

Why is it important to follow safety rules and regulations?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 7
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Workshop materialls0
- Workshop attires

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Meaning of computer, data and information
Computer Concepts - Characteristics of a computer

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of computer
- Differentiate between data and information
- Appreciate the role of computers in processing data

- Brainstorm on the meaning of the terms; computer, data and information
- Identify computers from electronic devices
- Discuss examples of data and information
- Classify various items as either data or information

What is the difference between data and information?

Pre-Technical Studies.learners bk pg. 12
- Computers
- Internet access
- Reference book 
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Characteristics of a computer (continued)
Computer Concepts - Classification of computers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain versatility, reliability and diligence as characteristics of computers
- Demonstrate how these characteristics make computers useful
- Value the efficiency of computers

- Perform multiple tasks using computers to demonstrate versatility
- Discuss how computers work for long periods without getting tired
- Create a mind map showing computer characteristics

How do computer characteristics benefit users?

S.minds Pre-Technical Studies learners bk pg. 13
- Computers
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Video clips

- Question and answer - Practical work - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Concepts - Types of computers
Computer Concepts - Using computers to perform tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of computers
- Classify computers based on purpose and size
- Acknowledge the different uses of various computers

- Discuss classification of computers based on purpose and size
- Identify different types of computers in pictures
- Walk around the school to identify available computers

How are computers classified based on size and purpose?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 15
- Computers
- Internet access
- Reference materials
- Video clis 
- Digital devices
- Computer user manuals

- Observation - Written test - Peer assessment

Communication

Fundamentals of Communication - Meaning and importance of communication
Fundamentals of Communication - Role playing effective communication
Fundamentals of Communication - ICT tools in communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of communication
- Discuss the importance of communication in work environment
- Appreciate effective communication in a work environment

- Brainstorm and present on the meaning and importance of communication in the work environment
- Discuss real-life scenarios where communication is essential
- Identify different forms of communication

Why is communication in the work environment important?

S.minds Pre-Technical Studies L/guide pg. 21 
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Reference books
 
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Communication

Fundamentals of Communication - Internet in communication
Fundamentals of Communication - Practical communication using ICT tools
Fundamentals of Communication - Social networking in communication
Introduction to Drawing - Drawing as communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use ICT tools and internet to communicate
- Explain the benefits of internet in communication
- Recognize the challenges of internet in communication

- Use ICT tools and internet to communicate
- Discuss the benefits and challenges of the internet
- Demonstrate how to send and receive information through different internet platforms

What are the benefits and challenges of using the internet for communication?

S.minds Pre-Technical Studies Learners Bk pg. 23
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Reference materials    
- Drawing materials
- Reference books
- Digital resources

- Practical work - Observation - Peer assessment

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Types of drawings
Introduction to Drawing - Creating drawing charts
Introduction to Drawing - Lettering and numbering

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between artistic and technical drawings used in technical fields
- Identify characteristics of artistic and technical drawings
- Value both artistic and technical drawings in communication

- Brainstorm on the meaning of the terms 'technical drawing' and 'artistic drawing'
- Use print or online resources to search for information on artistic and technical drawing
- Compare and contrast artistic and technical drawings

What are the key differences between artistic and technical drawings?

S.mindsPre-Technical Studies pg. 26
- Drawing materials
- Digital resources
- Reference
- Chart papers
- Lettering guides

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Printing paragraphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Print paragraphs with proper spacing and alignment
- Identify common errors in lettering
- Appreciate the importance of good lettering in drawing

- Practise printing paragraphs with proper spacing
- Identify errors in sample lettering exercises
- Share work with other learners for feedback

How does quality lettering enhance the overall presentation of a drawing?

S.minds Pre-Technical Studies pg. 29
- Drawing materials
- Lettering guides
- Sample paragraphs

- Practical assessment - Observation - Self-assessment

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Types of lines
Introduction to Drawing - Application of line types

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of lines used in drawing
- Draw various types of lines used in drawing
- Show interest in learning about line types

- Use visual aids to search for information on the types of lines and their application in drawing
- Draw various types of lines (thick and thin continuous, dashed and chain)
- Discuss the application of different line types

How are different types of lines used in technical drawing?

S.minds  Pre-Technical Studies pg. 30
- Drawing materials
- Line type samples
- Digital resources
l
- Sample drawings
- Reference books

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Symbols in drawing
Introduction to Drawing - Abbreviations in drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify symbols used in drawing
- Draw basic symbols used in drawing
- Value the use of standard symbols in technical communication

- Study drawings to identify symbols and abbreviations
- Practise drawing symbols (⌀, ℄, R, ⊥, ▢)
- Discuss the meaning of various symbols

Why are symbols important in technical drawing?

Technical Studies pg. 32
- Drawing materials
- Symbol guides
- Digital resources
- Reference books

- Observation - Practical assessment - Written test

Communication

Introduction to Drawing - Applications of symbols and abbreviations
Plane Geometry - Dimensioning methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Illustrate symbols and abbreviations used in drawing
- Apply symbols and abbreviations in appropriate contexts
- Appreciate the role of symbols and abbreviations in drawing

- Use audio visual aids to study the application of symbols and abbreviations in drawing
- Watch videos showing applications of symbols and abbreviations
- Create a summary on applications of symbols and abbreviations

In what contexts are symbols and abbreviations most useful in technical drawing?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 34
- Drawing materials
- Digital resources
- Audio-visual equipment

- Sample dimensioned drawings
- Reference books

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Communication

Plane Geometry - Combined shapes identification
Plane Geometry - Drawing combined shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify combined shapes used in plane geometry
- Explain the components of combined shapes
- Appreciate the use of combined shapes in plane geometry

- Use visual aids to identify combined shapes
- Discuss the components of different combined shapes
- Identify combined shapes in everyday objects

How are combined shapes used in real-life applications?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 36
- Drawing materials
- Visual aids
- Reference books     
- Drawing instruments
- Sample drawings

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Communication

Plane Geometry - Dimensioning combined shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Dimension combined shapes in plane geometry
- Apply different dimensioning methods to combined shapes
- Appreciate the importance of accurate dimensioning

- Use electronic or print media to search for information on methods of dimensioning combined shapes
- Discuss forms of dimensioning combined shapes (parallel, chain, combined)
- Draw and dimension combined shapes in plane geometry

How are combined shapes applied in day-to-day life?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 38
- Drawing materials
- Drawing instruments
- Reference books

- Practical assessment - Observation - Self-assessment

Communication

Plane Geometry - Applications of combined shapes
ICT Tools in Communication - Meaning of ICT tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply dimensioning techniques to real-world objects
- Create dimensioned drawings of combined shapes
- Embrace the use of plane geometry in a work environment

- Draw and dimension complex combined shapes
- Identify applications of combined shapes in the environment
- Create a portfolio of dimensioned combined shapes

How do professionals use combined shapes and dimensioning in their work?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 39
- Drawing materials
- Drawing instruments
- Sample applications
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Portfolio assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

ICT Tools in Communication - Types of ICT tools
ICT Tools in Communication - Email communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the ICT tools used in communication
- Explain how different ICT tools function
- Show interest in exploring various ICT tools

- Discuss how various ICT tools work (email, mobile phone, computers)
- Find out from internet or print materials how different tools are used
- Create a chart showing types of ICT tools

What factors determine which ICT tool to use in a specific situation?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 38
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Reference materials 
- Computers
- Email software

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

ICT Tools in Communication - Mobile communication
ICT Tools in Communication - Social media and video communication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use mobile phones for communication
- Send text and voice messages using mobile phones
- Show responsibility when using mobile communication

- Organize mock calling sessions using mobile phones
- Practice sending messages about school-related topics
- Discuss mobile phone etiquette

What are the advantages and limitations of mobile communication?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 40
- Mobile phones
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
 of
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Video conferencing tools

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Economic Resources - Meaning of economic resources
Economic Resources - Classification of economic resources
Economic Resources - Metallic and non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of economic resources
- Identify characteristics of economic resources
- Value the importance of economic resources

- Discuss and present on the meaning of economic resources
- Use print or digital media to search for information on the characteristics of economic resources
- Share findings with peers

What are economic resources?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 43
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Reference books
 
- Case studies
- Reference materials

- Sample materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Economic Resources - Distribution of economic resources
Economic Resources - Sustainable use of economic resources
Economic Resources - Community involvement in resource management
Metallic Materials - Types of metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Map economic resources in the local community
- Explain how economic resources are distributed
- Appreciate the distribution of resources in Kenya

- Carry out resource mapping on types of economic resources in the local community
- Use available resources to establish distribution of economic resources in Kenya
- Present findings on resource distribution

How are economic resources distributed across Kenya?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 46
- Maps
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Chart papers

- Case studies
 
- Sample metallic materials
- Reference books

- Practical assessment - Presentation assessment - Written test

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Magnetism
Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Conductivity
Metallic Materials - Other physical properties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine magnetism as a property of metallic materials
- Test different metals for magnetic properties
- Appreciate the magnetic properties of metals

- Perform practical activities to examine the magnetism of metallic materials
- Test steel, aluminum, and copper for magnetic properties
- Record observations in a table format

Why are metallic materials important in day-to-day life?

rPre-Technical Studies pg. 51
- Sample metallic materials
- Magnets
- Data recording sheets
 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 52
- Conductivity testing equipment
- Safety gear Pre-Technical Studies pg. 53
- Testing tools
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Uses of steel

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate steel to its uses in a work environment
- Identify products made from steel
- Appreciate the versatility of steel in production

- Match metallic materials to their use in the work environment
- Identify products made from steel
- Discuss why steel is suitable for specific applications

How is steel used in construction and manufacturing?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 54
- Sample steel products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Uses of aluminum and copper
Metallic Materials - Applications in local environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate aluminum and copper to their uses
- Identify products made from aluminum and copper
- Appreciate the unique properties of these metals

- Identify products made from aluminum and copper
- Create a poster matching these metals to their uses
- Discuss why certain products are made from specific metals

Why are aluminum and copper preferred for specific applications?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 55
- Sample aluminum and copper products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Digital cameras
- Field notebooks
- Presentation materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Metallic Materials - Creating charts and posters
Metallic Materials - Online research and presentations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create informative charts about metallic materials
- Present information on metals clearly and accurately
- Show creativity in presenting information

- Create charts showing properties of metallic materials
- Design posters matching metals to their uses
- Present charts and posters to the class

How can we effectively communicate information about metallic materials?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 55
- Chart papers
- Art supplies
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Presentation software

- Practical assessment - Presentation assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Types of non-metallic materials
Non-Metallic Materials - Classification of non-metallic materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify non-metallic materials found in the locality
- Explain the meaning of non-metallic materials
- Show interest in non-metallic materials

- Use print or digital media to search for information on non-metallic materials
- Discuss non-metallic materials (wood, stone, plastics, paper, rubber, cement, glass, ceramics)
- Identify non-metallic materials in pictures

What types of non-metallic materials are commonly used?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 56
- Sample non-metallic materials
- Digital resources
- Reference booksPre-Technical Studies pg. 57
- Sample materials
- Classification charts

- Observation - Question and answer - Written test

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Color and texture
Non-Metallic Materials - Physical properties: Hardness and fire resistance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe color and texture of non-metallic materials
- Examine these properties through practical activities
- Value the diversity of non-metallic materials

- Perform practical activities to examine the color and texture of non-metallic materials
- Record observations in a table format
- Compare properties of different non-metallic materials

How do color and texture influence the use of non-metallic materials?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 58
- Sample non-metallic materials
- Observation tools
- Recording sheets Pre-Technical Studies pg. 59
- Testing tools
- Safety equipment

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of wood and stone

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate wood and stone to their uses in the locality
- Match these materials to appropriate applications
- Appreciate the versatility of these materials

- Match non-metallic materials to their uses in the locality
- Discuss uses of wood and stone in construction and furniture
- Create a poster showing applications of wood and stone

How have wood and stone been used historically and in modern construction?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 60
- Sample wood and stone products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Question and answer - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of plastics and rubber
Non-Metallic Materials - Uses of paper, cement, glass, and ceramics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate plastics and rubber to their uses
- Identify products made from these materials
- Show concern for environmental impact of these materials

- Identify products made from plastics and rubber
- Discuss applications based on their properties
- Debate on environmental concerns related to plastic use

What makes plastics and rubber suitable for specific applications?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 61
- Sample plastic and rubber products
- Digital resources
- Reference materials  Pre-Technical Studies pg. 62
- Sample products

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Materials for Production
Tools and Production
Tools and Production

Non-Metallic Materials - Community walk and resource identification
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Identifying measuring tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Identifying marking out tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify non-metallic materials in the community
- Categorize materials observed in the environment
- Value non-metallic materials in production

- Take a walk around the community to identify non-metallic materials
- Categorize observed materials as natural or synthetic
- Create a community resource map

How prevalent are different non-metallic materials in our community?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 62
- Field notebooks
- Digital cameras
- Mapping materials
Pre-Technical Studies pg. 63
- Measuring tools
- Digital resources
- Reference materials Pre-Technical Studies pg. 64
- Marking out tools

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Selection of appropriate measuring tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Selection of appropriate marking out tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a tape measure
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a steel rule

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Select measuring tools for given tasks
- Match tools with appropriate measurements
- Show interest in proper tool selection

- Discuss how to choose the appropriate measuring tool for a given task
- Analyze scenarios requiring specific measuring tools
- Practice selecting appropriate tools for different measurements

How do we choose the right measuring tool for a specific task?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 65
- Measuring tools
- Task cards
- Reference materials
Pre-Technical Studies pg. 66
- Marking out toolsPre-Technical Studies pg y7-68
- Tape measures
- Objects to measure
- Recording sheets

- Steel rules

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using vernier callipers
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using time and electrical measuring tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a divider

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use callipers to perform a given task
- Measure internal and external dimensions using callipers
- Appreciate the precision of callipers

- Demonstrate the use of vernier callipers
- Practice measuring external diameters, internal diameters, and depths
- Record and analyze measurements

How do vernier callipers provide higher precision than standard rules?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 69
- Vernier callipers
- Objects to measure
- Recording sheets
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 70
- Stopwatches
- Ammeters and voltmeters
- Electrical components
- Dividers
- Materials for marking
- Reference materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a try-square
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a marking gauge

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a try-square to perform a given task
- Check for squareness and mark right angles
- Appreciate precision in right-angle marking

- Demonstrate the use of a try-square
- Practice checking squareness of objects
- Mark 90-degree lines on various materials

Why is squareness important in construction and manufacturing?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 72
- Try-squares
- Materials for marking
- Sample object
- Marking gauges
- Sample projects

- Practical assessment - Observation - Self-assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a dot punch
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Using a scriber and marking knife

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a dot punch to perform a given task
- Create precise indentations for drilling
- Value the importance of precise starting points

- Demonstrate the use of a dot punch
- Practice creating indentations on materials
- Discuss the importance of center-punching before drilling

Why is center-punching important before drilling operations?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 74
- Dot punches
- Hammers
- Materials for markin
- Scribers and marking knives
- Safety equipment

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Caring for measuring tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Care for measuring tools in the work environment
- Explain proper storage and maintenance procedures
- Value tool maintenance for longevity

- Practice cleaning measuring tools
- Demonstrate proper storage of measuring tools
- Discuss maintenance routines for different tools

Why is proper care of measuring tools important?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 76
- Measuring tools
- Cleaning supplies
- Storage containers

- Practical assessment - Observation - Question and answer

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Caring for marking out tools
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Importance of measuring and marking out tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Care for marking out tools in the work environment
- Explain proper storage and maintenance procedures
- Appreciate the importance of tool maintenance

- Practice cleaning marking out tools
- Demonstrate proper storage of marking out tools
- Discuss sharpening and maintenance routines

How does proper maintenance affect the precision of marking tools?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 77
- Marking out tools
- Cleaning supplies
- Maintenance tools
Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 78
- Reference materials
- Chart papers
- Digital resources

- Practical assessment - Observation - Self-assessment

Tools and Production

Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Field visit and tool observation
Measuring and Marking Out Tools - Application in project planning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify tools used in real work environments
- Explain how professionals use these tools
- Value precision tools in professional work

- Visit local workshops or production facilities
- Observe professionals using measuring and marking tools
- Document and report on tool usage in real environments

How do professionals use measuring and marking tools in their daily work?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 79
- Field notebooks
- Digital cameras
- Reference materialsPre-Technical Studies pg. 80
- Project materials
- Drawing supplies
- Measuring and marking tools

- Observation - Written report - Peer assessment

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Meaning of computer hardware
Computer Hardware - Input devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of computer hardware
- Identify basic computer hardware components
- Show interest in computer hardware

- Brainstorm and discuss the meaning of computer hardware
- Observe and identify computer hardware components in pictures
- Find information on computer hardware from reliable sources

What constitutes computer hardware?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 85
- Computers and components
- Digital resources
- Reference materials Pre-Technical Studies pg. 86
- Input devices
- Computers

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Output devices
Computer Hardware - Storage devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify output devices used in computing
- Explain the function of various output devices
- Value the role of output devices in computing

- Identify and use output devices (monitor, printer, speakers)
- Experience hard copy (printed) and soft copy (screen) outputs
- Compare different output methods

What distinguishes hard copy from soft copy output?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 87
- Output devices
- Computers
- Digital resources
Pre-Technical Studies pg. 88
- Storage devices

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production

Computer Hardware - Categorizing hardware devices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Categorize computer hardware devices
- Match devices to their appropriate categories
- Appreciate the integrated nature of hardware systems

- Sort computer hardware devices into categories (input, output, storage)
- Create classification charts for hardware devices
- Discuss how different hardware components work together

How do hardware components work together as a system?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 89
- Computer hardware components
- Classification materials
- Digital resources

- Practical assessment - Observation - Written test

Tools and Production
Entrepreneurship

Computer Hardware - Using computer hardware
Computer Hardware - Importance of computer hardware
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Meaning of entrepreneurship

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use computer hardware to perform tasks
- Connect and operate different hardware devices
- Value the efficiency of computer hardware

- Perform tasks using input devices (typing, scanning, etc.)
- Create outputs using output devices (printing, displaying on screen)
- Save and retrieve files using storage devices

How do we select appropriate hardware for specific tasks?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 90
- Computer hardware
- Task cards
- Digital resourcesPre-Technical Studies pg. 91
- Reference materials
- Chart papers
- Case studies

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Importance of entrepreneurship
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Qualities of an entrepreneur
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Self-assessment of entrepreneurial qualities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of entrepreneurship to an individual and community
- Identify benefits of entrepreneurship
- Appreciate entrepreneurship for development

- Discuss and present on the importance of entrepreneurship to an individual and community
- Analyze case studies of successful entrepreneurs
- Identify benefits of entrepreneurship in local contexts

How does entrepreneurship contribute to community development?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 93
- Digital resources
- Case studies
- Reference materials
Pre-Technical Studies pg. 94
- Video clips

- Self-assessment tools

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Sources of business ideas
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Evaluating business opportunities
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Factors for business success
Introduction to Entrepreneurship - Role of entrepreneurship in the community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore sources of business ideas for a business venture
- Identify different ways to generate business ideas
- Show interest in business idea generation

- Use available resources to search for and present the meaning and sources of business ideas
- Discuss how entrepreneurs get business ideas from different sources
- Compile a list of business ideas

What are the sources of innovative business ideas?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 96
- Digital resources
- Case studies
- Reference materialsPre-Technical Studies pg. 97
- Evaluation tools
- Chart papers

- Question and answer - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Meaning of production unit
Production Unit - Factors for locating a production unit

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the concept of a production unit
- Identify different types of production units
- Value production units in the economy

- Discuss the meaning of the term 'production unit' based on pictures
- Take pictures or draw production units in the local area
- Create a poster of a production unit

What constitutes a production unit?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 98
- Digital cameras
- Poster materials
- Reference materials Pre-Technical Studies guide pg. 99
- Digital resources
- Case studies 

- Question and answer - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Visiting local production units
Production Unit - Size determinants of a production unit

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze factors that influenced the location of a particular production unit
- Conduct field research on production units
- Appreciate location decisions in business

- Visit local production units (salon, barbershop, welding workshop, posho mill)
- Ask owners why they chose their location
- Present findings to the class

How do local entrepreneurs determine the best location for their businesses?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 100
- Field notebooks
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Case studies

- Field report assessment - Presentation assessment - Peer assessment

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Analysis of production unit size factors
Production Unit - Importance of suitable location

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Present factors that determine the size of a production unit
- Explain the relationship between size factors
- Show interest in business scale considerations

- Analyze the size of production units visited in earlier lessons
- Discuss factors that determined their size
- Create a chart showing size determinants

How do entrepreneurs decide on the optimal size for their production units?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 102
- Chart papers
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Role-play materials

- Practical assessment - Observation - Peer assessment

Entrepreneurship

Production Unit - Online research on location importance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Research the importance of production unit location
- Organize and present research findings
- Appreciate the impact of location on business success

- Search online for information on the importance of locating a production unit in a suitable area
- Organize findings into a structured presentation
- Share findings with classmates

What research shows about the impact of location on business success?

Booklyst Master Pre-Technical Studies pg. 102
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Presentation materials

- Research assessment - Presentation assessment - Peer assessment

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Meaning of financial goals
Financial Goals - Importance of financial discipline

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of setting goals in financial management
- Create a mind map on financial goals
- Value financial goal setting

- Brainstorm what the word 'goal' means
- Discuss mind maps on setting goals in financial management
- Create personal mind maps for financial goals

Why is it important for an individual to set financial goals?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 103
- Mind map materials
- Digital resources
- Reference materials Pre-Technical Studies pg. 104
- Resource person
- Role-play materials

- Question and answer - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Importance of setting financial goals
Financial Goals - Factors in setting financial goals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss the importance of setting goals in financial management
- Identify benefits of financial goal setting
- Appreciate strategic financial planning

- Discuss why setting financial goals is important
- Create a chart on the importance of setting goals in financial management
- Find additional information on financial goal setting

How do financial goals help in managing money effectively?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 105
- Chart papers
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Video materials

- Question and answer - Observation - Written test

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Setting SMART financial goals
Financial Goals - Peer review of financial goals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Formulate financial goals for individual development
- Apply the SMART criteria to financial goals
- Show interest in achieving financial goals

- Search online for information on setting SMART financial goals
- Set a SMART financial goal with a timeline
- Create a plan for achieving the goal

How can we create achievable financial goals?

 Pre-Technical Studies pg. 107
- Digital resources
- Goal planning templates
- Reference materials
- Goal worksheets
- Feedback forms

- Practical assessment - Observation - Self-assessment

Entrepreneurship

Financial Goals - Observing financial discipline
Financial Goals - Financial goal achievement strategies
Financial Goals - Monitoring and adjusting financial goals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Observe financial discipline in financial management
- Develop strategies for maintaining discipline
- Appreciate the role of discipline in achieving goals

- Discuss strategies for observing financial discipline
- Role-play scenarios involving financial decisions
- Create a personal financial discipline plan

How can we maintain financial discipline in our daily lives?

Pre-Technical Studies pg. 108-109
- Role-play materials
- Planning templates
- Reference material
- Digital resources
monitoring templates

- Practical assessment - Observation - Self-assessment