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| WK | LSN | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | T/L ACTIVITIES | T/L AIDS | REFERENCE | REMARKS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 |
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
|
Importance of Support and Movement; Plant Support Strategies
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain the necessity for support in plants and animals. Describe importance of movement in organisms. Identify different support mechanisms in plants. Explain role of turgor pressure and alternative support methods. |
Brainstorming on why organisms need support. Discussion on consequences of lack of support. Observation of local plants showing different support strategies. Practical experiment on wilting in herbaceous vs woody plants. Analysis of climbing plants and their support adaptations.
|
Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, local plant specimens, herbaceous and woody plants for wilting experiment
|
KLB Secondary Biology Form 4, Pages 120-121, 125-126
|
|
| 2 | 2 |
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
|
Tissue Arrangement in Monocot and Dicot Stems
Supporting Tissues in Plants and Their Functions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe arrangement of tissues in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous stems. Compare tissue arrangements between monocots and dicots. Identify supporting tissues and their distribution. |
Examination of fresh monocot and dicot stem cross-sections. Drawing and labeling tissue arrangements on chalkboard. Practical observation of vascular bundle patterns. Comparison of scattered vs ring arrangements. Discussion on supporting tissue distribution.
|
Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, fresh monocot stems (maize, sugarcane), fresh dicot stems (bean plants), razor blades, hand lenses
Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, microscope slides (if available), fresh stem sections, exercise books |
KLB Secondary Biology Form 4, Pages 121-125
|
|
| 2 | 3-4 |
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
|
Types of Animal Skeletons
Fish Locomotion - Structure and Mechanism Human Axial Skeleton - Skull and Rib Cage Vertebral Column - Cervical and Thoracic Vertebrae Vertebral Column - Lumbar, Sacral and Caudal Vertebrae |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify three types of animal skeletons: hydrostatic, exoskeleton, endoskeleton. Compare structure, composition, and functions of each skeleton type. Explain advantages and disadvantages of different skeleton types. Describe structure and functions of human skull. Explain structure and function of rib cage. Understand protection and support roles. Identify bone features and adaptations. |
Exposition on skeleton types using examples. Examination of arthropod specimens showing exoskeleton. Discussion on bone and cartilage as endoskeleton materials. Comparison table of skeleton characteristics. Analysis of evolutionary adaptations and growth limitations.
Examination of skull and rib cage specimens or models. Drawing skull and rib cage structures. Discussion on brain and organ protection. Analysis of breathing movements and rib articulation. Identification of skull sutures and rib cage components. |
Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, arthropod specimens (grasshoppers, crabs), bone specimens, comparison charts
Textbook, fresh fish specimen, chalkboard, chalk, forceps, measuring tools, calculator, exercise books Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, skull and rib cage specimens, exercise books Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, cervical and thoracic vertebrae specimens, exercise books Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, lumbar, sacral, and caudal vertebrae specimens, complete vertebral column |
KLB Secondary Biology Form 4, Pages 126-127
KLB Secondary Biology Form 4, Pages 130-131 |
|
| 2 | 5 |
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
|
Pectoral Girdle and Forelimb Bones
Pelvic Girdle and Hindlimb Bones |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe structure of pectoral girdle components: scapula and clavicle. Identify forelimb bones: humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges. Explain joint formations and articulations. |
Examination of pectoral girdle and forelimb bones. Drawing and labeling complete forelimb structure. Discussion on shoulder and elbow joint formation. Analysis of bone features and muscle attachment points. Study of pentadactyl limb pattern.
|
Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, pectoral girdle and forelimb bone specimens, exercise books
Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, pelvic girdle and hindlimb bone specimens, exercise books |
KLB Secondary Biology Form 4, Pages 136-138
|
|
| 3 | 1 |
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
|
Types of Joints and Their Structure
Ball and Socket vs Hinge Joints; Movement Mechanisms Types of Muscle Tissue and Their Functions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify types of joints: immovable, gliding, and movable (synovial). Describe structure of synovial joints including cartilage, synovial fluid, and ligaments. Explain joint components and their functions. |
Examination of different joint types and synovial joint structure. Drawing synovial joint components. Discussion on cartilage function and synovial fluid properties. Analysis of joint mobility and stability. Practical observation of joint movements.
|
Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, joint specimens or models, exercise books
Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, joint specimens, practical movement demonstrations, exercise books Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, exercise books, muscle tissue comparison charts |
KLB Secondary Biology Form 4, Pages 140-141
|
|
| 3 | 2 |
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
Paper 1 Revision |
Skeletal Muscle Structure and Contraction Mechanism
Smooth and Cardiac Muscle Specializations Short questions and diagrams questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe detailed structure of skeletal muscle fibers including myofibrils, actin, and myosin. Explain muscle contraction mechanism and sliding filament theory. Understand energy requirements and muscle fatigue. |
Detailed exposition on muscle fiber structure using diagrams. Discussion on sliding filament theory and molecular basis of contraction. Explanation of ATP requirements and calcium ion role. Analysis of muscle fatigue and recovery. Practical muscle function demonstrations.
|
Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, exercise books, detailed muscle structure diagrams
Textbook, chalkboard, chalk, exercise books, comprehensive muscle comparison tables Paper 1 exams, diagrams, marking schemes |
KLB Secondary Biology Form 4, Pages 142-143
|
|
| 3 | 3-4 |
REVISION
Paper 1 Revision Paper 2 Paper 2 Paper 2 Paper 3 Revision Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision Paper 2 |
Application questions
Section A-Short Structured Questions Section B – Data Analysis Question Section B-Essay Questions Observation, Identification, and Drawing questions. Experiments and Tests questions Short questions and diagrams questions Application questions Section A-Short Structured Questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Apply knowledge to real-life - Learn how to organize answers well- Revise experiments and results- Build confidence in answering under time - Develop skills in observing, identifying, and comparing specimens - Practice drawing and labeling diagrams accurately |
-Teacher demonstrates how to approach application questions
-Students attempt application questions as guided by the teacher. -Peer and teacher marking with class discussion -Group work: Students examine provided specimens -Hands-on practice as guided in the question -Peer marking using marking schemes, followed by teacher corrections on accuracy, labeling, and texture descriptions. |
Past Paper 1 exams, experiment charts, marking schemes
Past Biology Paper 2 exams, KLB textbooks, marking schemes Graph papers, rulers, past papers, textbooks Sample essays, past papers, marking schemes projector Paper 3 exams specimens drawing paper, pencils, photographs marking schemes, projectors for displaying diagrams photographs specimens Reagents Paper 1 exams, diagrams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, experiment charts, marking schemes Past Biology Paper 2 exams, KLB textbooks, marking schemes |
Biology Paper 1 KLB Bks 1,2,3 and 4
Biology Paper 3 , KLB Books 1,2,3 and 4. |
|
| 3 | 5 |
Paper 2
Paper 3 Revision Paper 3 Revision Paper 1 Revision |
Section B – Data Analysis Question
Section B-Essay Questions Observation, Identification, and Drawing questions. Experiments and Tests questions Short questions and diagrams questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Interpret and analyze biological data (tables & graphs) - Develop graph plotting and data interpretation skills- Practice drawing accurate biological graphs - Strengthen ability to link data to biological concepts |
-Teacher-led practice on plotting graphs
-Students interpret and answer data-based questions -Group analysis and correction using marking guide |
Graph papers, rulers, past papers, textbooks
Sample essays, past papers, marking schemes projector Paper 3 exams specimens drawing paper, pencils, photographs marking schemes, projectors for displaying diagrams photographs specimens Reagents Paper 1 exams, diagrams, marking schemes |
Bio Paper 2 Q6, KLB BK 1,2,3 and 4
|
|
| 4 | 1 |
Paper 1 Revision
Paper 2 Paper 2 Paper 2 Paper 3 Revision |
Application questions
Section A-Short Structured Questions Section B – Data Analysis Question Section B-Essay Questions Observation, Identification, and Drawing questions. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Apply knowledge to real-life - Learn how to organize answers well- Revise experiments and results- Build confidence in answering under time |
-Teacher demonstrates how to approach application questions
-Students attempt application questions as guided by the teacher. -Peer and teacher marking with class discussion |
Past Paper 1 exams, experiment charts, marking schemes
Past Biology Paper 2 exams, KLB textbooks, marking schemes Graph papers, rulers, past papers, textbooks Sample essays, past papers, marking schemes projector Paper 3 exams specimens drawing paper, pencils, photographs marking schemes, projectors for displaying diagrams |
Biology Paper 1 KLB Bks 1,2,3 and 4
|
|
| 4 | 2 |
Paper 3 Revision
Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision Paper 2 Paper 2 |
Experiments and Tests questions
Short questions and diagrams questions Application questions Section A-Short Structured Questions Section B – Data Analysis Question |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Conduct and record biological tests accurately - Interpret results and draw conclusions from experiments - Practice safe lab procedures and time management |
-Teacher demonstrates the tests.
-Students perform experiments in groups -Teacher-led feedback on procedures, observations, conclusions, and accounting for results |
photographs
specimens Reagents Paper 1 exams, diagrams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, experiment charts, marking schemes Past Biology Paper 2 exams, KLB textbooks, marking schemes Graph papers, rulers, past papers, textbooks |
Biology Paper 3
KLB Books 1,2,3 and 4 |
|
| 4 | 3-4 |
Paper 2
Paper 3 Revision Paper 3 Revision Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision Paper 2 Paper 2 Paper 2 Paper 3 Revision |
Section B-Essay Questions
Observation, Identification, and Drawing questions. Experiments and Tests questions Short questions and diagrams questions Application questions Section A-Short Structured Questions Section B – Data Analysis Question Section B-Essay Questions Observation, Identification, and Drawing questions. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Develop structured essay writing skills - Learn to plan and organize points logically - identify and practice essay questions from different Biology topics - Apply knowledge to real-life - Learn how to organize answers well- Revise experiments and results- Build confidence in answering under time |
-Brainstorming key essay points
-Group writing of essay outlines -Teacher shows how to write a good essay -Peer review and class marking -Teacher demonstrates how to approach application questions -Students attempt application questions as guided by the teacher. -Peer and teacher marking with class discussion |
Sample essays, past papers, marking schemes
projector Paper 3 exams specimens drawing paper, pencils, photographs marking schemes, projectors for displaying diagrams photographs specimens Reagents Paper 1 exams, diagrams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, experiment charts, marking schemes Past Biology Paper 2 exams, KLB textbooks, marking schemes Graph papers, rulers, past papers, textbooks Sample essays, past papers, marking schemes projector Paper 3 exams specimens drawing paper, pencils, photographs marking schemes, projectors for displaying diagrams |
Bio Paper 2 Q7 & Q8, KLB BKs 1,2,3 and 4
Biology Paper 1 KLB Bks 1,2,3 and 4 |
|
| 4 | 5 |
Paper 3 Revision
Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision Paper 2 Paper 2 |
Experiments and Tests questions
Short questions and diagrams questions Application questions Section A-Short Structured Questions Section B – Data Analysis Question |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Conduct and record biological tests accurately - Interpret results and draw conclusions from experiments - Practice safe lab procedures and time management |
-Teacher demonstrates the tests.
-Students perform experiments in groups -Teacher-led feedback on procedures, observations, conclusions, and accounting for results |
photographs
specimens Reagents Paper 1 exams, diagrams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, experiment charts, marking schemes Past Biology Paper 2 exams, KLB textbooks, marking schemes Graph papers, rulers, past papers, textbooks |
Biology Paper 3
KLB Books 1,2,3 and 4 |
|
| 5-6 |
Pre kcse exam |
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| 7 |
Rat exam |
|||||||
| 8 | 1 |
Paper 2
Paper 3 Revision Paper 3 Revision |
Section B-Essay Questions
Observation, Identification, and Drawing questions. Experiments and Tests questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Develop structured essay writing skills - Learn to plan and organize points logically - identify and practice essay questions from different Biology topics |
-Brainstorming key essay points
-Group writing of essay outlines -Teacher shows how to write a good essay -Peer review and class marking |
Sample essays, past papers, marking schemes
projector Paper 3 exams specimens drawing paper, pencils, photographs marking schemes, projectors for displaying diagrams photographs specimens Reagents |
Bio Paper 2 Q7 & Q8, KLB BKs 1,2,3 and 4
|
|
| 9 |
Prayer day and closure |
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