Living Things and Their Environment

Vertebrates - Review Activities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize key concepts about vertebrates
- Identify areas of strength and areas needing improvement
- Show appreciation for knowledge gained about vertebrates

The learner is guided to:
- Review key concepts about vertebrates
- Complete review activities on vertebrates
- Share their learning experiences with peers

What have we learned about vertebrates?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 24
- Review worksheets
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Written quizzes - Oral questions - Self-assessment

Living Things and Their Environment

The Human Breathing System - Parts of the Breathing System
The Human Breathing System - The Nose

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the main parts of the human breathing system
- Draw and label the parts of the human breathing system
- Appreciate the complexity of the human breathing system

The learner is guided to:
- Watch videos on the human breathing system
- Identify the main parts of the human breathing system
- Draw and label the parts of the human breathing system

What makes up the human breathing system?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 25
- Digital devices
- Charts showing the human breathing system
- Video resources
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 26
- Charts showing the structure of the nose
- Models of the respiratory system

- Drawings - Written assignments - Oral questions

Living Things and Their Environment

The Human Breathing System - The Trachea
The Human Breathing System - The Lungs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate the trachea in the human body
- Describe the functions of the trachea
- Value the importance of the trachea in breathing

The learner is guided to:
- Feel the trachea by touching the front part of the neck
- Discuss the structure and functions of the trachea
- Create a chart showing the functions of the trachea

What is the role of the trachea in breathing?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 26
- Digital devices
- Charts showing the structure of the trachea
- Models of the respiratory system
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 27
- Charts showing the structure of the lungs

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Projects

Living Things and Their Environment

The Human Breathing System - The Diaphragm
The Human Breathing System - Breathing Mechanism

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the location and structure of the diaphragm
- Describe the functions of the diaphragm
- Value the importance of the diaphragm in breathing

The learner is guided to:
- Observe the structure of the diaphragm using models or diagrams
- Discuss the functions of the diaphragm in breathing
- Create a chart showing the functions of the diaphragm

What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 28
- Digital devices
- Charts showing the structure of the diaphragm
- Models of the respiratory system
- Charts showing the breathing mechanism
- Video resources

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Projects

Living Things and Their Environment

The Human Breathing System - Model Creation Planning
The Human Breathing System - Model Creation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan a model of the human breathing system
- Identify materials needed for the model
- Show enthusiasm for model creation

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss what a model of the breathing system should include
- Plan a model of the breathing system
- Identify locally available materials for making the model

How can we represent the breathing system with a model?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 28
- Various locally available materials
- Charts showing models of the breathing system
- Digital resources
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 29
- Locally available materials (bottles, balloons, straws, etc.)
- Scissors, string, rubber bands
- Labels

- Projects - Observation schedules - Peer assessment

Living Things and Their Environment

The Human Breathing System - Model Presentation
The Human Breathing System - Common Conditions (Colds and Coughs)
The Human Breathing System - COVID-19

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Present their breathing system models
- Explain how their models represent the breathing system
- Show confidence in presenting their work

The learner is guided to:
- Present their completed breathing system models
- Explain how their models represent the breathing system
- Demonstrate how their models work

How effectively do our models represent the breathing system?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 30
- Completed models
- Presentation space
- Labels
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 31
- Digital devices
- Charts showing symptoms of colds and coughs
- Video resources
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 32
- Charts showing symptoms of COVID-19

- Presentations - Peer assessment - Teacher observation

Living Things and Their Environment

The Human Breathing System - Allergies
The Human Breathing System - Asthma

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify symptoms of allergies
- Explain prevention measures for allergies
- Show empathy towards people with allergies

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss symptoms of allergies
- Identify ways to prevent allergic reactions
- Create awareness posters on allergies

How can we manage respiratory allergies?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 33
- Digital devices
- Charts showing symptoms of allergies
- Video resources
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 34
- Charts showing symptoms of asthma

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Projects

Living Things and Their Environment

The Human Breathing System - Comparison of Respiratory Conditions
The Human Breathing System - Maintaining a Healthy Breathing System

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare different respiratory conditions
- Create a comparison chart of respiratory conditions
- Show interest in understanding respiratory health

The learner is guided to:
- Create a comparison chart showing different respiratory conditions
- Identify similarities and differences among respiratory conditions
- Share their findings with peers

How do different respiratory conditions compare?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 35
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Reference materials
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 36

- Projects - Written assignments - Peer assessment

Living Things and Their Environment

The Human Breathing System - Personal Health Plan
The Human Breathing System - Campaign Planning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create a personal plan for respiratory health
- Apply knowledge of respiratory health
- Show commitment to respiratory health practices

The learner is guided to:
- Create a personal respiratory health plan
- Include specific actions to maintain respiratory health
- Share their plans with peers

How can we implement respiratory health practices?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 37
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Planning templates
- Art materials
- Reference materials

- Projects - Written assignments - Peer assessment

Living Things and Their Environment
Mixtures
Mixtures
Mixtures
Mixtures

The Human Breathing System - Assessment Activities
Mixtures - Meaning of Mixtures
Mixtures - Identifying Mixtures in the Environment
Mixtures - Homogeneous Mixtures
Mixtures - Heterogeneous Mixtures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate knowledge of the human breathing system
- Apply skills in identifying respiratory conditions
- Show positive attitude towards respiratory health

The learner is guided to:
- Complete assessment activities on the human breathing system
- Identify respiratory conditions based on given symptoms
- Discuss their responses with peers

How well have we understood the human breathing system?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 37
- Assessment worksheets
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 39
- Different types of mixtures
- Worksheets
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 40
- School environment
- Worksheets
- Digital devices
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 41
- Water, sugar, salt
- Containers
- Stirring rods
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 42
- Water, sand

- Written quizzes - Oral questions - Self-assessment

Mixtures

Mixtures - Types of Mixtures (Solid-Solid)
Mixtures - Types of Mixtures (Solid-Liquid)
Mixtures - Types of Mixtures (Liquid-Liquid)
Mixtures - Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures (Winnowing)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define solid-solid mixtures
- Identify examples of solid-solid mixtures
- Show interest in exploring solid-solid mixtures

The learner is guided to:
- Identify and prepare examples of solid-solid mixtures
- Discuss characteristics of solid-solid mixtures
- Classify solid-solid mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous

How can solid-solid mixtures be identified?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 43
- Various solid materials (flour, sand, salt)
- Containers
- Digital resources
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 44
- Water, various solids (salt, sugar, sand, flour)
- Stirring rods
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 45
- Various liquids (water, milk, cooking oil, kerosene)
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 47
- Mixtures of light and heavy particles (rice and husks)
- Mats

- Oral questions - Practical activities - Written assignments

Mixtures

Mixtures - Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures (Picking)
Mixtures - Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures (Sieving)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the process of picking
- Demonstrate the use of picking to separate mixtures
- Show patience in separating mixtures by picking

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss the principle of picking
- Demonstrate separation of mixtures by picking
- Identify applications of picking in daily life

How is picking used to separate mixtures?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 48
- Mixtures with big solid particles (maize and beans)
- Containers
- Trays
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 49
- Mixtures of particles of different sizes
- Sieves
- Containers

- Practical activities - Oral questions - Written assignments

Mixtures

Mixtures - Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures (Using Magnet)
Mixtures - Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures (Filtration)
Mixtures - Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures (Decantation)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the use of a magnet to separate mixtures
- Demonstrate the use of a magnet to separate mixtures
- Show interest in magnetic separation

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss the principle of magnetic separation
- Demonstrate separation of mixtures using a magnet
- Identify applications of magnetic separation in daily life

How are magnets used to separate mixtures?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 52
- Mixtures containing magnetic materials
- Magnets
- Containers
- Gloves
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 51
- Mixtures of insoluble solids and liquids
- Filter materials (cloth, paper)
- Containers
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 50
- Stirring rods

- Practical activities - Oral questions - Written assignments

Mixtures

Mixtures - Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures (Separating Funnel)
Water Pollution - Meaning of Water Pollution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the use of a separating funnel
- Demonstrate the use of a separating funnel to separate immiscible liquids
- Appreciate the importance of separating funnels

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss the principle of separating immiscible liquids
- Demonstrate separation using a separating funnel
- Identify applications of separating funnels in daily life

How is a separating funnel used to separate mixtures?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 53
- Immiscible liquids (water and kerosene)
- Separating funnel
- Containers
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 56
- Digital devices
- Pictures of clean and polluted water
- Video resources

- Practical activities - Oral questions - Written assignments

Mixtures

Water Pollution - Water Pollutants
Water Pollution - Human Activities Causing Water Pollution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify common water pollutants
- Explain sources of water pollutants
- Show concern about water pollution

The learner is guided to:
- Walk around the school and neighborhood to identify water pollutants
- Record observations of harmful substances causing water pollution
- Discuss findings with peers

What are the common water pollutants in our environment?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 57
- School and neighborhood environment
- Protective gear (gumboots, gloves, masks)
- Recording materials
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 58
- Digital devices
- Pictures showing water pollution
- Video resources

- Observation schedules - Written assignments - Peer assessment

Mixtures

Water Pollution - Soil as a Water Pollutant
Water Pollution - Effects on Animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how soil pollutes water
- Identify activities that lead to soil pollution of water
- Show concern about soil erosion

The learner is guided to:
- Observe pictures showing soil pollution of water
- Discuss how soil enters water sources
- Identify activities that lead to soil erosion

How does soil pollute water sources?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 59
- Digital devices
- Pictures showing soil erosion
- Video resources
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 60
- Pictures showing effects of water pollution
- Art materials

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Mixtures

Water Pollution - Effects on Humans
Water Pollution - Effects on Plants
Water Pollution - Methods of Reducing Water Pollution (Waste Disposal)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain effects of water pollution on humans
- Identify diseases caused by polluted water
- Show concern for human health in relation to water quality

The learner is guided to:
- Observe pictures showing effects of polluted water on humans
- Discuss how polluted water affects human health
- Create awareness posters on protecting humans from water pollution

How does water pollution affect human health?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 61
- Digital devices
- Pictures showing effects of water pollution
- Art materials
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 62
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 63
- Pictures showing waste disposal
- Waste bins
- Protective gear

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Projects

Mixtures

Water Pollution - Methods of Reducing Water Pollution (Dirty Water Disposal)
Water Pollution - Methods of Reducing Water Pollution (Soil Erosion Control)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain proper disposal of dirty water
- Demonstrate proper disposal of dirty water
- Show responsibility in dirty water management

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss how to properly dispose of dirty water
- Identify ways to reuse dirty water
- Create a flowchart showing proper dirty water management

How can proper dirty water disposal reduce water pollution?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 64
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Art materials
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 65
- School compound
- Pictures showing soil erosion control

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Projects

Mixtures

Water Pollution - Basic Methods of Water Treatment (Boiling)
Water Pollution - Basic Methods of Water Treatment (Filtration)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the process of boiling water
- Demonstrate boiling as a water treatment method
- Appreciate the importance of boiling water

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss the process of boiling water for treatment
- Observe pictures showing water boiling
- Discuss safety measures when boiling water

How does boiling make water safe?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 66
- Digital devices
- Pictures showing water boiling
- Heat source (under teacher supervision)
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 67
- Dirty water
- Filter materials (cloth, sand)
- Containers

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Mixtures

Water Pollution - Basic Methods of Water Treatment (Chemical Treatment)
Water Pollution - Basic Methods of Water Treatment (Solar Treatment)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain chemical treatment of water
- Identify safe chemicals used for water treatment
- Show caution when handling water treatment chemicals

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss chemical treatment of water
- Observe pictures showing chemical water treatment
- Discuss safety measures when using water treatment chemicals

How effective is chemical treatment of water?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 68
- Digital devices
- Pictures showing chemical water treatment
- Water treatment chemicals (under teacher supervision)
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 69
- Pictures showing solar water treatment
- Clear bottles for solar treatment demonstration

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Observation schedules

Mixtures

Water Pollution - Water Filter Project Planning
Water Pollution - Water Filter Construction
Water Pollution - Water Filter Testing
Water Pollution - Water Filter Presentation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan a water filter project
- Identify materials needed for the water filter
- Show enthusiasm for the project

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss what a water filter should include
- Plan a water filter using locally available materials
- Identify materials needed for the water filter

How can we design an effective water filter?

- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 70
- Digital devices
- Pictures of water filters
- Planning worksheets
- Plastic bottles
- Gravel, sand, charcoal, cloth
- Scissors, string
- Dirty water
- Mentor Science and Technology Learner's Book pg. 71
- Completed water filters
- Dirty water
- Clean containers
- Presentation space

- Project plans - Oral questions - Peer assessment