WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Weed Identification and Classification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define a weed and give examples. Identify common weeds using botanical and common names. Classify weeds based on growth cycle (annual, biennial, perennial). Classify weeds based on plant morphology (narrow-leaved, broad-leaved).

Exposition of weed definition concepts. Discussion on weed identification methods. Drawing and labeling common weeds. Brief discussion on classification systems.

Charts showing common weeds. Weed identification guides. Drawing materials for weed illustrations. Classification system charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 192-199

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Common Weeds in East Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify common weeds found in East Africa. State botanical and common names of major weeds. Describe characteristics of different weed species. Explain competitive ability of weeds.

Brain storming on locally found weeds. Discussion on weed characteristics. Exposition of competitive ability factors. Question and answer on weed species.

Pictures of common East African weeds. Weed characteristic charts. Competitive ability factor guides. Local weed examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 200-202

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Competitive Ability of Weeds
Harmful Effects of Weeds
More Harmful Effects and Benefits of Weeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors contributing to competitive ability of weeds. Explain weed propagation methods. Describe environmental adaptation of weeds. Discuss weed survival mechanisms.

Discussion on weed competitive factors. Exposition of propagation methods. Brief discussion on environmental adaptation. Question and answer on survival mechanisms.

Weed propagation method charts. Environmental adaptation illustrations. Survival mechanism diagrams. Competitive factor identification guides.
Weed damage pictures. Crop quality comparison charts. Striga parasitism illustrations. Health effect information guides.
Aquatic weed pictures (water hyacinth). Pasture quality comparison charts. Beneficial weed examples. Food and medicine use illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 200-202

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Chemical Weed Control - Introduction and Mode of Action
Classification of Herbicides - Formulation and Application Time
Factors Affecting Selectivity and Effectiveness of Herbicides
Herbicide Combinations and Safety Precautions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline methods of weed control. Define herbicides and their uses. Explain different modes of action of herbicides. Describe how herbicides kill weeds.

Brain storming on weed control methods. Discussion on herbicide concepts. Exposition of herbicide action modes. Brief discussion on weed killing mechanisms.

Weed control method charts. Herbicide action diagrams. Mode of action illustrations. Herbicide effect demonstrations.
Herbicide formulation examples. Application timing charts. Formulation advantage guides. Timing recommendation tables.
Selectivity factor charts. Effectiveness factor guides. Plant characteristic illustrations. Environmental factor diagrams.
Herbicide combination charts for different crops. Safety precaution guides. Protective equipment illustrations. Safe handling procedure charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 203-204

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL
CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Advantages and Disadvantages of Chemical Control
Mechanical Weed Control
Cultural, Biological and Legislative Control
Definition and classification of crop pests

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages of using herbicides. Identify disadvantages of chemical weed control. Compare chemical control with other methods. Discuss environmental concerns of herbicide use.

Brain storming on herbicide advantages. Discussion on chemical control disadvantages. Exposition of method comparisons. Brief discussion on environmental effects.

Advantage/disadvantage comparison charts. Method comparison tables. Environmental effect illustrations. Chemical control evaluation guides.
Mechanical control tool pictures. Tillage advantage/disadvantage charts. Method comparison tables. Mechanical technique illustrations.
Cultural control method charts. Biological control examples. Legislative control illustrations. Noxious weed law information.
Pictures of various crop pests, charts showing pest classification and damage

KLB BK III Pgs 208-209

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Field insect pests - biting and chewing
Field insect pests - piercing and sucking
Other field pests
Storage pests
Legislative and physical pest control methods
Cultural pest control methods
Chemical pest control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify insects with biting and chewing mouth parts. Give examples of biting and chewing pests. Describe damage caused by biting insects. Draw and label mouth parts of a locust.

Examining pictures of biting insects. Drawing and labeling locust mouth parts. Discussion on damage patterns to different plant parts.

Pictures of locusts, army worms, cutworms, bollworms, diagrams of insect mouth parts
Pictures of aphids, scales, thrips, mealy bugs, charts showing disease transmission table
Pictures of mite damage, nematode galls, rodents, bird pests, large animals affecting crops
Storage pest specimens, damaged grain samples, pictures of various storage pests
Government quarantine documents, thermometers, charts showing physical control methods
Charts showing crop rotation cycles, pictures of trap crops, resistant variety samples, clean seeds
Sample pesticide containers, charts showing pesticide classification, application equipment

KLB BK III Pg 177-180

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Biological pest control and crop disease introduction
Fungal diseases
Coffee berry disease and other fungal diseases
Viral diseases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define biological pest control and explain predator-prey relationships. Give examples of natural enemies of common pests. Define crop disease and state harmful effects. Identify food poisoning effects of crop diseases.

Discussion on natural pest control and predator-prey examples. Exposition of disease concepts and effects. Brain storming on biological control benefits.

Pictures of beneficial insects, predator-prey relationship charts, diseased plant samples
Pictures of fungal structures, infected potato leaves, rusted plants, smut-infected crops
Pictures of infected coffee berries, charts showing disease cycle, fungal disease specimens
Pictures of mosaic-infected plants, charts showing viral transmission, infected cassava and tobacco samples

KLB BK III Pg 195-197

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES
CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Bacterial diseases and nutritional disorders
Cultural control of crop diseases
Chemical and legislative control of diseases
Maize - ecological requirements and varieties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe characteristics of bacteria as facultative parasites. Explain bacterial blight of coffee symptoms and control. Identify symptoms of nutritional disorders in crops. Distinguish between biotic and abiotic disease causes.

Discussion on bacterial disease characteristics. Case study of bacterial blight. Brain storming on nutrient deficiency symptoms and other abiotic causes.

Pictures of bacterial-infected plants, nutrient-deficient plants, charts showing various disease symptoms
Charts showing cultural control methods, disease-resistant variety samples, clean farming tools
Fungicide samples, spraying equipment, government regulation documents, integrated management charts
Charts showing ecological zones, maize variety samples, maps of Kenya showing maize growing areas

KLB BK III Pg 204-206

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Maize - land preparation and planting
Maize - field operations
Maize - pest and disease control
Finger millet production
Finger millet - field management and pest control
Bulrush millet and sorghum production
Sorghum - pest and disease control
Beans production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe land preparation methods for maize. Explain selection and preparation of planting materials. Outline planting procedures including spacing and depth. State factors affecting planting time and spacing.

Discussion on land preparation importance. Demonstration of seed selection. Brain storming on planting factors.

Farm tools, certified maize seeds, measuring equipment, charts showing planting procedures
Fertilizer samples, calculators, charts showing application methods, herbicide containers
Pictures of maize pests, damaged maize plants, pest control chemicals
Finger millet samples, charts showing ecological requirements, pictures of finger millet fields
Fertilizer samples, finger millet storage containers, pictures of head blast disease
Bulrush millet and sorghum samples, charts comparing crop characteristics
Pictures of quelea birds, damaged sorghum plants, sorghum harvesting tools
Different bean variety samples, charts showing ecological requirements

KLB BK III Pg 200-201

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Beans - field operations and pest control
Rice production
Harvesting of industrial crops - cotton and pyrethrum

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe field operations in beans including weeding and irrigation. Identify pests and diseases affecting beans. Explain control methods for bean diseases including halo blight and anthracnose. Outline harvesting methods for dry and green beans.

Discussion on field management. Case study of bean diseases. Brain storming on disease control.

Pictures of bean diseases, diseased bean specimens, irrigation equipment
Maps showing rice schemes, pictures of rice fields, water control equipment
Cotton samples showing different grades, pyrethrum flowers, harvesting baskets

KLB BK III Pg 212-214

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)
FORAGE CROPS
FORAGE CROPS
FORAGE CROPS
FORAGE CROPS

Harvesting of industrial crops - sugarcane and coffee
Harvesting of industrial crops - tea
Introduction and pasture classification
Pasture establishment and planting materials
Fertilizer application and legume inoculation
Pasture management practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe harvesting methods for sugarcane including maturation indicators. Explain procedures for coffee cherry harvesting. State quality factors in coffee harvesting. Outline precautions during harvesting of tree crops.

Discussion on crop maturation signs. Examination of coffee cherries at different stages. Brain storming on quality maintenance.

Sugarcane samples, coffee cherries at different ripeness stages, harvesting tools
Tea plucking stick, tea baskets, fresh tea specimens showing different plucking standards
Charts showing pasture classification, specimens of grasses and legumes, altitude maps
Farm tools, pasture seeds, rhizomes, splits, charts showing sowing methods
Fertilizer samples, rhizobium inoculant, charts showing nitrogen fixation, legume nodules
Pictures of pasture weeds, fertilizer samples, slashing tools, charts showing management practices

KLB BK III Pg 217-218

FORAGE CROPS

Pasture utilization and defoliation
Carrying capacity and grazing systems
Napier grass production
Other fodder crops
Agroforestry fodder and conservation introduction
Hay making

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors affecting forage quality including digestibility. Describe effects of early and late defoliation on pastures. Define frequency and intensity of defoliation. State proper grazing intervals for different pastures.

Exposition of forage quality factors. Discussion on defoliation effects and optimal timing. Brain storming on grazing management.

Charts showing defoliation effects, pasture quality samples, grazing schedules
Calculators, carrying capacity charts, paddocking diagrams, pictures of grazing methods
Napier grass specimens, stem cuttings with nodes, fertilizer samples, cutting tools
Guatemala grass specimens, mangold samples, clover and lucerne specimens, desmodium varieties
Leucaenia and calliandra samples, charts showing conservation methods, seasonal feed charts
Hay samples, charts showing hay making process, storage equipment diagrams

KLB BK III Pg 230-232

FORAGE CROPS
LIVESTOCK HEALTH III
LIVESTOCK HEALTH III
LIVESTOCK HEALTH III
LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Silage making and silo types
Silage quality and requirements calculation
Introduction to livestock diseases and observable conditions
Terms used in livestock diseases
Classification and protozoan diseases - ECF and anaplasmosis
Protozoan diseases - coccidiosis and trypanosomiasis

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe silage making process and advantages over hay. Compare different types of silos including trench, clamp and tower silos. Explain steps followed in making silage. State principles of silage preservation and fermentation.

Discussion on silage advantages. Examination of silo diagrams. Exposition of fermentation principles and preservation.

Charts showing silo types, silage samples, fermentation diagrams, pH testing materials
Calculators, silage quality charts, additive samples, measurement tools, calculation worksheets
Charts showing disease symptoms, thermometer, pictures of sick animals, disease organism diagrams
Charts showing immunity types, vaccine samples, timeline charts for incubation periods
Disease classification charts, tick specimens, pictures of ECF symptoms, maps showing disease distribution
Pictures of coccidiosis symptoms, tsetse fly specimens, maps showing trypanosomiasis areas, drug samples

KLB BK III Pg 247-249

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Bacterial diseases - mastitis
Bacterial diseases - fowl typhoid and foot rot
Bacterial diseases - contagious abortion and scours
Bacterial diseases - black quarter, anthrax and pneumonia
Viral diseases - rinderpest and foot and mouth disease
Viral diseases - Newcastle, fowl pox and Gumboro

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe mastitis as inflammation of mammary glands. Identify predisposing factors for mastitis including age and udder attachment. Explain symptoms of mastitis including milk changes. Outline control and treatment methods for mastitis.

Discussion on mastitis importance. Examination of mastitis symptoms. Demonstration of proper milking techniques. Brain storming on prevention methods.

Pictures of mastitis symptoms, milk samples showing mastitis, milking equipment, antibiotic samples
Pictures of fowl typhoid symptoms, foot rot specimens, hoof trimming tools, foot bath chemicals
Charts showing brucellosis transmission, pictures of scours symptoms, vaccination schedules, hygiene materials
Pictures of black quarter symptoms, anthrax control procedures, vaccination equipment, ventilation diagrams
Pictures of rinderpest symptoms, foot and mouth disease lesions, quarantine procedures, vaccination records
Pictures of Newcastle symptoms, fowl pox lesions, Gumboro symptoms, poultry vaccination equipment

KLB BK III Pg 255-257

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Viral diseases - African swine fever
Nutritional disorders - milk fever and bloat

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe African swine fever as highly contagious disease of pigs. Explain transmission through direct contact and vectors. Identify symptoms including fever and respiratory distress. Outline control measures including quarantine and culling.

Discussion on swine diseases. Case study of African swine fever outbreaks. Brain storming on pig management. Exposition of disease control strategies.

Pictures of African swine fever symptoms, pig management charts, quarantine procedures, disease control equipment
Calcium injection equipment, charts showing milk fever symptoms, bloat treatment tools, nutritional supplements

KLB BK III Pg 267-268