LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV (LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES)

Fish Farming - Importance and Requirements
Fish Pond Management - Stocking, Feeding and Harvesting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline importance of fish keeping. Identify requirements for fish farming. Describe selection of suitable sites. Explain pond construction procedures.

Brain storming on fish farming benefits. Discussion on site requirements. Exposition of pond construction. Brief discussion on management practices.

Fish pond pictures. Site requirement charts. Construction procedure diagrams. Soil testing equipment pictures.
Fish stocking pictures. Feeding equipment pictures. Harvesting nets pictures. Preservation method charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 72-73

FARM STRUCTURES

Planning and Siting Farm Structures
Types of Construction Materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors considered when planning farm structures. State factors considered when siting farm structures. Describe site preparation procedures. Discuss relationship between structures.

Brain storming on farm structure importance. Discussion on planning factors. Exposition of siting factors. Question and answer on site preparation.

Charts on farm structures. Planning factor lists. Site requirement guides. Pictures of different farm structures.
Samples of construction materials. Material comparison charts. Property demonstration materials. Cost comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 83-84

FARM STRUCTURES

Construction Materials - Stones, Concrete and Mud Blocks
Construction Materials - Metals, Timber and Treatment
Parts of a Building - Foundation
Parts of a Building - Walls and Roof

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe properties of stones, concrete and mud blocks. Explain preparation of concrete blocks. State ratios for concrete mixture. Outline advantages of each material type.
State purpose of building foundation. Describe foundation establishment procedures. Explain factors affecting foundation depth. Identify materials used in foundation construction.

Exposition of material preparation. Discussion on concrete ratios. Brief discussion on material properties. Demonstration using charts and samples.
Brain storming on foundation importance. Exposition of foundation establishment. Discussion on foundation requirements. Brief discussion on construction procedures.

Stone samples. Concrete block examples. Mud block samples. Ratio calculation charts.
Metal construction samples. Timber treatment charts. Chemical treatment procedure guides. Before and after treatment examples.
Foundation diagrams. Construction procedure charts. Foundation material samples. Cross-section illustrations.
Wall construction diagrams. Roof structure charts. Building component illustrations. Construction tool pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 84-88
KLB BK III Pgs 89-93

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Crushes
Livestock Structures - Plunge Dips

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give examples of livestock structures. State uses of crushes in livestock management. Describe crush construction requirements. Explain siting factors for crushes.

Brain storming on livestock structure uses. Discussion on crush importance. Exposition of construction requirements. Brief discussion on maintenance needs.

Crush design diagrams. Livestock management charts. Construction material lists. Maintenance procedure guides.
Plunge dip diagrams. Component identification charts. Material requirement lists. Maintenance schedule examples.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Machakos Dips and Spray Race

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compare Machakos dip with plunge dip. Describe spray race components. State advantages of spray race over dips. Explain operational requirements for spray systems.

Discussion on dip type comparison. Exposition of spray race components. Brief discussion on operational advantages. Question and answer on system requirements.

Dip comparison charts. Spray race diagrams. Component identification guides. Operational procedure charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 94-99

FARM STRUCTURES

Livestock Structures - Dairy Sheds and Zero Grazing Units
Livestock Structures - Calf Pens
Poultry Houses
Piggery Units and Rabbitry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of milking shed. Describe zero grazing unit components. State structural requirements for dairy facilities. Explain maintenance needs for dairy structures.
Identify types of poultry houses. Describe structural requirements for poultry housing. State construction materials for poultry structures. Explain ventilation requirements in poultry houses.

Brain storming on dairy facility needs. Discussion on structural components. Exposition of maintenance requirements. Brief discussion on facility design.
Brain storming on poultry housing types. Discussion on structural requirements. Exposition of construction materials. Brief discussion on ventilation needs.

Dairy shed layout diagrams. Zero grazing unit charts. Component identification guides. Maintenance requirement lists.
Calf pen design diagrams. Structural requirement charts. Design variation illustrations. Maintenance procedure guides.
Poultry house design charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists. Ventilation system diagrams.
Piggery layout diagrams. Rabbit housing charts. Structural requirement guides. Material specification lists.

KLB BK III Pgs 104-105
KLB BK III Pgs 106-110

FARM STRUCTURES

Fish Ponds and Bee Hives
Farm Stores and Silos

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe fish pond construction procedures. State factors considered when siting fish ponds. Identify types of bee hives. Explain construction requirements for KTBH.

Brain storming on aquaculture structures. Discussion on fish pond construction. Exposition of bee hive types. Brief discussion on KTBH construction.

Fish pond construction diagrams. Bee hive design charts. Construction procedure guides. Material requirement lists.
Storage structure diagrams. Silo construction charts. Structural requirement guides. Maintenance procedure lists.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130

FARM STRUCTURES

Fences - Types and Construction
Wire Fences and Live Fences

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State uses of fences in the farm. Identify types of fences. Compare advantages and disadvantages of different fence types. Describe fence construction procedures.

Brain storming on fence importance. Discussion on fence types. Exposition of construction procedures. Brief discussion on fence selection criteria.

Fence type illustrations. Construction procedure charts. Advantage/disadvantage comparison tables. Material requirement guides.
Wire fence construction diagrams. Live fence examples. Maintenance requirement charts. Fence comparison tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 124-130

FARM STRUCTURES
SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Green Houses and Nursery Structures
Soil Erosion - Introduction and Factors
Types of Soil Erosion by Water - Splash and Sheet

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline requirements for green house construction. Describe types of nursery structures. State factors considered when siting nursery structures. Explain construction materials for crop structures.
Describe raindrop/splash erosion process. Explain sheet erosion characteristics. Identify factors affecting splash erosion. State conditions favoring sheet erosion.

Brain storming on protected cultivation. Discussion on green house requirements. Exposition of nursery structure types. Brief discussion on construction materials.
Discussion on raindrop impact effects. Exposition of splash erosion process. Brief discussion on sheet erosion. Demonstration using charts and diagrams.

Green house design diagrams. Nursery structure charts. Construction material lists. Siting factor guides.
Charts showing soil erosion factors. Pictures of eroded areas. Erosion type illustrations. Factor identification guides.
Raindrop impact diagrams. Sheet erosion illustrations. Splash pattern charts. Erosion process demonstrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 130-138
KLB BK III Pgs 167-172

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Types of Soil Erosion by Water - Rill and Gully
Wind Erosion and Human Activities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe rill erosion formation. Explain gully erosion development. Identify U-shaped and V-shaped gullies. State processes involved in gully formation.

Brain storming on channel erosion. Discussion on rill to gully progression. Exposition of gully formation processes. Question and answer on gully shapes.

Rill erosion pictures. Gully formation diagrams. U and V-shaped gully illustrations. Channel erosion process charts.
Wind erosion pictures. Dust storm illustrations. Human activity impact charts. Erosion-prone area maps.

KLB BK III Pgs 167-172

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Effects of Soil Erosion
Riverbank Erosion and Solifluction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight effects of soil erosion on agriculture. State effects on water bodies and infrastructure. Explain loss of soil micro-organisms. Discuss economic impacts of erosion.

Brain storming on erosion effects. Discussion on agricultural impacts. Exposition of infrastructure damage. Brief discussion on economic losses.

Erosion effect illustrations. Agricultural impact charts. Infrastructure damage pictures. Economic loss examples.
Riverbank erosion pictures. Solifluction diagrams. Control measure illustrations. Mass wasting factor charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 167-172

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Landslides and Mass Wasting
Methods of Soil and Water Conservation - Biological Control
Biological Control - Cropping Systems and Afforestation
Physical/Structural Control Measures - Trash Lines and Bunds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of landslides (slump, debris slide, rock fall). State effects of mass wasting. Explain causes of landslides. Describe prevention measures for mass movements.
Explain cropping systems for conservation. Describe strip cropping methods. State roles of trees in soil conservation. Outline afforestation and reafforestation benefits.

Brain storming on landslide types. Discussion on mass wasting effects. Exposition of landslide causes. Brief discussion on prevention measures.
Brain storming on cropping systems. Discussion on strip cropping. Exposition of tree roles in conservation. Brief discussion on afforestation benefits.

Landslide type illustrations. Mass wasting effect pictures. Cause identification charts. Prevention measure guides.
Conservation method charts. Grass strip illustrations. Contour farming pictures. Mulching demonstration materials.
Cropping system diagrams. Strip cropping illustrations. Tree conservation role charts. Afforestation benefit guides.
Trash line construction pictures. Bund construction diagrams. Structural measure illustrations. Area suitability guides.

KLB BK III Pgs 178-183
KLB BK III Pgs 183-188

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION

Physical Control - Cut-off Drains and Terraces
Water Harvesting Methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe cut-off drains construction. Identify types of terraces (broad-based, narrow-based, bench, fanya juu). Explain terrace construction procedures. State advantages of different terrace types.

Brain storming on drainage systems. Discussion on terrace types. Exposition of construction procedures. Brief discussion on terrace advantages.

Cut-off drain diagrams. Terrace type illustrations. Construction procedure charts. Advantage comparison tables.
Water harvesting method charts. Weir and dam construction diagrams. Roof catchment illustrations. Rock catchment system pictures.

KLB BK III Pgs 183-188

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Weed Identification and Classification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define a weed and give examples. Identify common weeds using botanical and common names. Classify weeds based on growth cycle (annual, biennial, perennial). Classify weeds based on plant morphology (narrow-leaved, broad-leaved).

Exposition of weed definition concepts. Discussion on weed identification methods. Drawing and labeling common weeds. Brief discussion on classification systems.

Charts showing common weeds. Weed identification guides. Drawing materials for weed illustrations. Classification system charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 192-199

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Common Weeds in East Africa
Competitive Ability of Weeds
Harmful Effects of Weeds
More Harmful Effects and Benefits of Weeds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify common weeds found in East Africa. State botanical and common names of major weeds. Describe characteristics of different weed species. Explain competitive ability of weeds.
Highlight harmful effects of weeds on crops. State how weeds reduce crop quality. Explain parasitic effects of weeds. Describe effects on livestock and human health.

Brain storming on locally found weeds. Discussion on weed characteristics. Exposition of competitive ability factors. Question and answer on weed species.
Brain storming on weed damage to crops. Discussion on quality reduction effects. Exposition of parasitic weeds (Striga). Brief discussion on health effects.

Pictures of common East African weeds. Weed characteristic charts. Competitive ability factor guides. Local weed examples.
Weed propagation method charts. Environmental adaptation illustrations. Survival mechanism diagrams. Competitive factor identification guides.
Weed damage pictures. Crop quality comparison charts. Striga parasitism illustrations. Health effect information guides.
Aquatic weed pictures (water hyacinth). Pasture quality comparison charts. Beneficial weed examples. Food and medicine use illustrations.

KLB BK III Pgs 200-202
KLB BK III Pgs 166-167

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Chemical Weed Control - Introduction and Mode of Action
Classification of Herbicides - Formulation and Application Time

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline methods of weed control. Define herbicides and their uses. Explain different modes of action of herbicides. Describe how herbicides kill weeds.

Brain storming on weed control methods. Discussion on herbicide concepts. Exposition of herbicide action modes. Brief discussion on weed killing mechanisms.

Weed control method charts. Herbicide action diagrams. Mode of action illustrations. Herbicide effect demonstrations.
Herbicide formulation examples. Application timing charts. Formulation advantage guides. Timing recommendation tables.

KLB BK III Pgs 203-204

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Factors Affecting Selectivity and Effectiveness of Herbicides
Herbicide Combinations and Safety Precautions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors affecting selectivity of herbicides. Explain factors affecting effectiveness of herbicides. Describe plant characteristics influencing herbicide action. Discuss environmental factors affecting herbicides.

Brain storming on selectivity factors. Discussion on effectiveness factors. Exposition of plant characteristic effects. Brief discussion on environmental influences.

Selectivity factor charts. Effectiveness factor guides. Plant characteristic illustrations. Environmental factor diagrams.
Herbicide combination charts for different crops. Safety precaution guides. Protective equipment illustrations. Safe handling procedure charts.

KLB BK III Pgs 205-206

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Advantages and Disadvantages of Chemical Control
Mechanical Weed Control
Cultural, Biological and Legislative Control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages of using herbicides. Identify disadvantages of chemical weed control. Compare chemical control with other methods. Discuss environmental concerns of herbicide use.
Identify cultural methods of weed control. Define biological weed control and give examples. Explain legislative methods of weed control. Describe noxious weed laws in Kenya.

Brain storming on herbicide advantages. Discussion on chemical control disadvantages. Exposition of method comparisons. Brief discussion on environmental effects.
Brain storming on cultural control methods. Discussion on biological control examples. Exposition of legislative control. Brief discussion on noxious weed laws.

Advantage/disadvantage comparison charts. Method comparison tables. Environmental effect illustrations. Chemical control evaluation guides.
Mechanical control tool pictures. Tillage advantage/disadvantage charts. Method comparison tables. Mechanical technique illustrations.
Cultural control method charts. Biological control examples. Legislative control illustrations. Noxious weed law information.

KLB BK III Pgs 208-209
KLB BK III Pgs 210-211