FORAGE CROPS

Other fodder crops
Agroforestry fodder and conservation introduction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain ecological requirements for Guatemala grass and mangolds. Describe characteristics and management of Kenya white clover. Outline establishment and utilization of lucerne and desmodium varieties. State advantages of leguminous fodder crops.

Discussion on fodder crop selection. Examination of various fodder crop specimens. Brain storming on nitrogen fixation benefits.

Guatemala grass specimens, mangold samples, clover and lucerne specimens, desmodium varieties
Leucaenia and calliandra samples, charts showing conservation methods, seasonal feed charts

KLB BK III Pg 240-244

FORAGE CROPS

Hay making

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe hay making procedures and steps. Outline factors determining hay quality including species and harvesting stage. Explain proper drying and storage methods for hay. State advantages and disadvantages of hay making.

Discussion on hay making steps. Exposition of quality factors. Brain storming on quality maintenance during storage.

Hay samples, charts showing hay making process, storage equipment diagrams

KLB BK III Pg 245-247

FORAGE CROPS

Hay making

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe hay making procedures and steps. Outline factors determining hay quality including species and harvesting stage. Explain proper drying and storage methods for hay. State advantages and disadvantages of hay making.

Discussion on hay making steps. Exposition of quality factors. Brain storming on quality maintenance during storage.

Hay samples, charts showing hay making process, storage equipment diagrams

KLB BK III Pg 245-247

FORAGE CROPS

Silage making and silo types

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe silage making process and advantages over hay. Compare different types of silos including trench, clamp and tower silos. Explain steps followed in making silage. State principles of silage preservation and fermentation.

Discussion on silage advantages. Examination of silo diagrams. Exposition of fermentation principles and preservation.

Charts showing silo types, silage samples, fermentation diagrams, pH testing materials

KLB BK III Pg 247-249

FORAGE CROPS

Silage quality and requirements calculation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors affecting silage quality and use of additives. Describe silage losses and prevention methods. Calculate silage requirements based on animal dry matter needs. Outline standing forage as alternative conservation method.

Calculation exercises on silage requirements. Discussion on quality factors and additive use. Brain storming on loss prevention strategies.

Calculators, silage quality charts, additive samples, measurement tools, calculation worksheets

KLB BK III Pg 249-250

FORAGE CROPS

Silage quality and requirements calculation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors affecting silage quality and use of additives. Describe silage losses and prevention methods. Calculate silage requirements based on animal dry matter needs. Outline standing forage as alternative conservation method.

Calculation exercises on silage requirements. Discussion on quality factors and additive use. Brain storming on loss prevention strategies.

Calculators, silage quality charts, additive samples, measurement tools, calculation worksheets

KLB BK III Pg 249-250

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Maize - ecological requirements and varieties
Maize - land preparation and planting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ecological requirements for maize production. Identify different maize varieties grown in Kenya. Distinguish between hybrids and composites. Explain adaptation of varieties to specific ecological zones.

Exposition of maize growing conditions. Discussion on variety selection. Examination of different maize varieties.

Charts showing ecological zones, maize variety samples, maps of Kenya showing maize growing areas
Farm tools, certified maize seeds, measuring equipment, charts showing planting procedures

KLB BK III Pg 198-200

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Maize - field operations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain fertilizer application methods and timing in maize. Describe weed control methods in maize production. Outline the importance of proper field management. State recommended fertilizer rates for maize.

Exposition of fertilizer application. Discussion on weed control methods. Demonstration of fertilizer calculation.

Fertilizer samples, calculators, charts showing application methods, herbicide containers

KLB BK III Pg 201-202

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Maize - pest and disease control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major pests affecting maize including stalk borers and army worms. Describe damage caused by maize pests. Explain control methods for maize pests. State symptoms and control of maize diseases.

Examination of pest-damaged maize specimens. Discussion on pest identification. Brain storming on control methods.

Pictures of maize pests, damaged maize plants, pest control chemicals

KLB BK III Pg 202-204

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Finger millet production
Finger millet - field management and pest control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ecological requirements for finger millet. Identify finger millet varieties grown in Kenya. Describe land preparation and planting methods. Explain advantages of finger millet as a food security crop.

Exposition of finger millet characteristics. Discussion on growing conditions. Examination of finger millet specimens.

Finger millet samples, charts showing ecological requirements, pictures of finger millet fields
Fertilizer samples, finger millet storage containers, pictures of head blast disease

KLB BK III Pg 204-206

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Bulrush millet and sorghum production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compare ecological requirements of bulrush millet and sorghum. Identify varieties of bulrush millet and sorghum. Describe land preparation for these crops. Explain advantages of growing drought-resistant crops.

Comparative discussion on crop requirements. Examination of millet and sorghum specimens. Brain storming on drought tolerance.

Bulrush millet and sorghum samples, charts comparing crop characteristics

KLB BK III Pg 207-210

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Sorghum - pest and disease control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major pests of sorghum including birds and stem borers. Describe control methods for sorghum pests. Explain diseases affecting sorghum. Outline harvesting and marketing of sorghum.

Discussion on bird pest problems. Examination of pest-damaged sorghum. Brain storming on control strategies.

Pictures of quelea birds, damaged sorghum plants, sorghum harvesting tools

KLB BK III Pg 210-211

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Beans production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ecological requirements for beans production. Identify bean varieties including dry beans and French beans. Describe land preparation and planting methods for beans. Explain importance of beans as protein source.

Exposition of bean growing conditions. Discussion on variety selection. Examination of different bean varieties.

Different bean variety samples, charts showing ecological requirements

KLB BK III Pg 211-212

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Beans - field operations and pest control

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe field operations in beans including weeding and irrigation. Identify pests and diseases affecting beans. Explain control methods for bean diseases including halo blight and anthracnose. Outline harvesting methods for dry and green beans.

Discussion on field management. Case study of bean diseases. Brain storming on disease control.

Pictures of bean diseases, diseased bean specimens, irrigation equipment

KLB BK III Pg 212-214

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Rice production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ecological requirements for rice production. Describe rice irrigation schemes in Kenya. Explain land preparation and water control in rice. State fertilizer application methods in rice production.

Exposition of rice growing conditions. Discussion on irrigation importance. Case study of Mwea rice scheme.

Maps showing rice schemes, pictures of rice fields, water control equipment

KLB BK III Pg 214-215

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Rice production

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ecological requirements for rice production. Describe rice irrigation schemes in Kenya. Explain land preparation and water control in rice. State fertilizer application methods in rice production.

Exposition of rice growing conditions. Discussion on irrigation importance. Case study of Mwea rice scheme.

Maps showing rice schemes, pictures of rice fields, water control equipment

KLB BK III Pg 214-215

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Harvesting of industrial crops - cotton and pyrethrum

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe harvesting methods and procedures for cotton. Explain grading of cotton during harvesting. Outline harvesting methods for pyrethrum flowers. State precautions during harvesting of these crops.

Demonstration of cotton grading. Discussion on harvesting procedures. Brain storming on quality maintenance.

Cotton samples showing different grades, pyrethrum flowers, harvesting baskets

KLB BK III Pg 215-217

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Harvesting of industrial crops - sugarcane and coffee

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe harvesting methods for sugarcane including maturation indicators. Explain procedures for coffee cherry harvesting. State quality factors in coffee harvesting. Outline precautions during harvesting of tree crops.

Discussion on crop maturation signs. Examination of coffee cherries at different stages. Brain storming on quality maintenance.

Sugarcane samples, coffee cherries at different ripeness stages, harvesting tools

KLB BK III Pg 217-218

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Harvesting of industrial crops - tea

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe tea harvesting methods and procedures. Explain factors affecting tea quality during harvesting. State the importance of proper plucking in tea. Outline precautions during tea harvesting and transportation.

Demonstration of proper tea plucking. Discussion on quality factors. Brain storming on harvesting intervals.

Tea plucking stick, tea baskets, fresh tea specimens showing different plucking standards

KLB BK III Pg 218-219

CROP PRODUCTION VI (FIELD PRACTICES II)

Harvesting of industrial crops - tea

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe tea harvesting methods and procedures. Explain factors affecting tea quality during harvesting. State the importance of proper plucking in tea. Outline precautions during tea harvesting and transportation.

Demonstration of proper tea plucking. Discussion on quality factors. Brain storming on harvesting intervals.

Tea plucking stick, tea baskets, fresh tea specimens showing different plucking standards

KLB BK III Pg 218-219

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Introduction to livestock diseases and observable conditions
Terms used in livestock diseases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define disease and distinguish between symptoms and signs. Identify observable conditions for detecting disease including pulse rate, temperature, and body condition. Explain disease-causing organisms and predisposing factors. State the role of vectors in disease transmission.

Exposition of disease concepts. Discussion on disease symptoms. Brain storming on predisposing factors. Demonstration of animal observation techniques.

Charts showing disease symptoms, thermometer, pictures of sick animals, disease organism diagrams
Charts showing immunity types, vaccine samples, timeline charts for incubation periods

KLB BK III Pg 250-251

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Classification and protozoan diseases - ECF and anaplasmosis

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Classify livestock diseases into four major groups. Describe East Coast Fever including animals affected and symptoms. Explain anaplasmosis (gall sickness) symptoms and transmission. State control measures for tick-borne diseases.

Exposition of disease classification. Discussion on protozoan diseases. Examination of tick specimens. Brain storming on tick control methods.

Disease classification charts, tick specimens, pictures of ECF symptoms, maps showing disease distribution

KLB BK III Pg 252-254

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Protozoan diseases - coccidiosis and trypanosomiasis

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe coccidiosis in young animals including symptoms and control. Explain trypanosomiasis (nagana) transmission by tsetse flies. Identify symptoms of trypanosomiasis in different animals. Outline control measures for vector-borne diseases.

Discussion on young animal diseases. Case study of trypanosomiasis control. Examination of disease symptoms pictures. Brain storming on vector control.

Pictures of coccidiosis symptoms, tsetse fly specimens, maps showing trypanosomiasis areas, drug samples

KLB BK III Pg 254-255

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Bacterial diseases - mastitis
Bacterial diseases - fowl typhoid and foot rot

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe mastitis as inflammation of mammary glands. Identify predisposing factors for mastitis including age and udder attachment. Explain symptoms of mastitis including milk changes. Outline control and treatment methods for mastitis.

Discussion on mastitis importance. Examination of mastitis symptoms. Demonstration of proper milking techniques. Brain storming on prevention methods.

Pictures of mastitis symptoms, milk samples showing mastitis, milking equipment, antibiotic samples
Pictures of fowl typhoid symptoms, foot rot specimens, hoof trimming tools, foot bath chemicals

KLB BK III Pg 255-257

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Bacterial diseases - contagious abortion and scours

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe contagious abortion (brucellosis) as zoonotic disease. Explain symptoms including abortion and retained placenta. Describe scours in young animals and predisposing factors. Outline control measures including vaccination and hygiene.

Discussion on zoonotic diseases. Case study of brucellosis control. Examination of scours symptoms. Brain storming on young animal management.

Charts showing brucellosis transmission, pictures of scours symptoms, vaccination schedules, hygiene materials

KLB BK III Pg 259-261

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Bacterial diseases - black quarter, anthrax and pneumonia

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe black quarter symptoms and spore-forming bacteria. Explain anthrax as notifiable disease affecting all warm-blooded animals. Describe pneumonia in young animals and predisposing factors. State control measures including vaccination and proper disposal.

Discussion on acute bacterial diseases. Exposition of notifiable diseases. Brain storming on disease prevention. Case study of anthrax control.

Pictures of black quarter symptoms, anthrax control procedures, vaccination equipment, ventilation diagrams

KLB BK III Pg 261-263

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Viral diseases - rinderpest and foot and mouth disease

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe rinderpest as highly contagious notifiable disease. Explain foot and mouth disease transmission and symptoms. Identify animals affected by viral diseases. Outline control measures including vaccination and quarantine.

Discussion on viral disease characteristics. Examination of viral disease symptoms. Brain storming on quarantine importance. Case study of disease outbreaks.

Pictures of rinderpest symptoms, foot and mouth disease lesions, quarantine procedures, vaccination records

KLB BK III Pg 263-265

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Viral diseases - Newcastle, fowl pox and Gumboro

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe Newcastle disease symptoms and high mortality. Explain fowl pox types including cutaneous and diphtheritic forms. Describe Gumboro disease affecting immune system. State control measures for poultry viral diseases.

Discussion on poultry viral diseases. Examination of fowl pox lesions. Brain storming on vaccination schedules. Case study of Gumboro (poultry AIDS).

Pictures of Newcastle symptoms, fowl pox lesions, Gumboro symptoms, poultry vaccination equipment

KLB BK III Pg 265-267

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Viral diseases - African swine fever

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe African swine fever as highly contagious disease of pigs. Explain transmission through direct contact and vectors. Identify symptoms including fever and respiratory distress. Outline control measures including quarantine and culling.

Discussion on swine diseases. Case study of African swine fever outbreaks. Brain storming on pig management. Exposition of disease control strategies.

Pictures of African swine fever symptoms, pig management charts, quarantine procedures, disease control equipment

KLB BK III Pg 267-268

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Viral diseases - African swine fever

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe African swine fever as highly contagious disease of pigs. Explain transmission through direct contact and vectors. Identify symptoms including fever and respiratory distress. Outline control measures including quarantine and culling.

Discussion on swine diseases. Case study of African swine fever outbreaks. Brain storming on pig management. Exposition of disease control strategies.

Pictures of African swine fever symptoms, pig management charts, quarantine procedures, disease control equipment

KLB BK III Pg 267-268

LIVESTOCK HEALTH III

Nutritional disorders - milk fever and bloat

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe milk fever as calcium deficiency in dairy cows. Explain symptoms including muscle twitching and paralysis. Describe bloat as gas accumulation in rumen. Outline treatment methods including calcium injection and gas release techniques.

Discussion on nutritional disorders. Demonstration of calcium injection principles. Brain storming on nutritional management. Case study of bloat treatment.

Calcium injection equipment, charts showing milk fever symptoms, bloat treatment tools, nutritional supplements

KLB BK III Pg 268-270