TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Rates of transpiration on leaf surfaces.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe simple experiments to show rates of transpiration on leaf surfaces.

Discuss above observations.
Draw graphs to show rates of transpiration on leaf surfaces.
Answer questions.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 18

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Translocation of organic compounds.
Transport in Animals. Open and closed circulatory systems. Open circulatory system in insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define translocation.
To describe the structure of phloem tissue.



To differentiate between open and closed circulatory systems.

To discuss open circulatory system in insects.

Q/A: To review photosynthesis.
Discussion and explanations of structure of phloem tissue.
Drawing and labeling phloem tissue.




Exposition and discussion.

Drawing and labeling diagrams.

Chart - phloem tissue.



Charts- Circulatory systems.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 17
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 18 - 19

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Single and double circulatory systems.
The mammalian heart ? external structure.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To differentiate between single and double circulatory systems.

Exposition and discussion.
Tracing the path followed by blood from a point and back to the same point.

Chart- Mammalian double circulation system.
Model of a heart.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 18-20

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Internal structure of mammalian heart.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw compartments of the heart and label major parts.

Drawing and labeling a diagram of a mammalian heart.

Model of a heart, wallcharts.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 22 -23

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Pumping mechanism of the heart.
Pulse rate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To differentiate between systolic and diastolic heart movements.


Explain the origin of pulse.
Explain effect of exercise on pulse rate.

Discussion and Explanations.
Experiment- To investigate pulse rate at the wrist.


Record number of pulses before and after an exercise.
Brief discussion.

Stopwatches.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 23 - 24
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 30 - 31

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Structure of arteries. Major arteries.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of arteries.

To identify major arteries in the circulatory system.

Discussion
Drawing and labeling internal structure of an artery.

Chart- cross-section of an artery.
Chart-circulatory system.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 25

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Veins.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of veins.
To explain the need for valves in veins.
To state differences between veins and arteries.

Drawing and labeling diagram of an artery.
Discussion and explanations.

Chart-
cross-sections of major blood vessels in the body.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 27-29

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Capillaries.
Diseases and defects of the circulatory system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of capillaries.
To explain the role of capillaries in transport
To discuss various diseases and defects of the circulatory system.

Discussion and explanations.

Discussion of various diseases and defects of the circulatory system.
Suggest methods of prevention and control.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 25-26
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 31 - 32

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Composition of blood. The plasma.
Red blood cells.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the constituents of blood plasma.
To identify functions of plasma.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

text book
Wall charts.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 32 - 33

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

White blood cells.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of white blood cells.
To state functions of white blood cells.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 34 - 35

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Platelets.
Blood clotting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of platelets.
To state functions of platelets.
To describe the blood clotting process.

To explain importance of blood clotting.

Detailed discussion and explanations.
Exposition of new concepts.
Detailed discussion.

text book
Blood smear, microscope.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 35
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 36

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood groups, Antigens and antibodies.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify the four blood groups.
To identify compatible blood groups.

Completing a table of blood groups and the corresponding antigens and antibodies present.

Chart-
blood groups, antigens and antibodies.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood transfusion.
The Rhesus factor.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define blood transfusion.
To identify compatible blood groups.
To identify the universal donor and universal recipient.

Q/A: Identifying compatible blood groups.
Open discussion.
Completing a table of compatible blood groups.

Blood transfusion resource person.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 30 - 31

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Lymph.
Immune responses.
Allergic reactions.
Organ transplant.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe formation and functions of lymph.
To define an allergic reaction.
To identify ways in which allergy presents itself.
To explain cause of allergic reactions.

Exposition, discussion and explanations.
Q/A: Manifestations of allergy.

Exposition and brief explanations.

Chart- the lymphatic system.
Chart- Diseases that children are immunized against;
Resource person.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 38 - 40
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 43

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Introduction. Gaseous exchange in plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


To explain importance of gaseous exchange.

To describe gaseous exchange in plants.

Discussion
Explanations

Q/A: Products of respiration.
Detailed discussion.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 48

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Release of CO2 by plants.
Release of O2 by plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment to show release of CO2 by plants.

Class experiments including control experiments.

Explain the observations made.

Bicarbonate indicator, boiling tubes, Aluminum foil.
Gas jar,
Glass funnel,
Water plant,
Beaker.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 49

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Stomata.
Opening & closing of stomata.
Stomata and habitats of plants.
Lenticels.
Respiratory surfaces in animals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure and explain the functions of stomata.

To relate plant habitats and the no. of stomata.
To explain the variation between number of stomata on the upper and lower face.

Detailed discussion.
Drawing diagrams.
Observe number of stomata of prepared slides of hydrophytes and xerophytes.

Discuss the observations.

text book
Prepared slides of hydrophytes and xerophytes.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 51

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in protozoa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in an amoeba.

Q/A: Review diffusion, structure of an amoeba.
Discuss briefly gaseous exchange in and out of amoeba.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 53

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in insects

Drawing tracheal system of a grasshopper.
Discuss at length the structure of the tracheal system.
Detailed discussion.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 53, 54

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Breathing in insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the breathing mechanism in an insect.

Observe breathing movements of live specimens of grasshoppers, locusts or cockroaches.

Live specimens of insects,
Hand lenses,
Boiling tubes.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 56

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Breathing in insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the breathing mechanism in an insect.

Observe breathing movements of live specimens of grasshoppers, locusts or cockroaches.

Live specimens of insects,
Hand lenses,
Boiling tubes.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 56

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Number, position and shape of spiracles of insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To give an account of the number, position and shape of spiracles of insects.

Drawing the abdomen and showing the position and shape of spiracles, and giving reasons thereof.

Live specimens of insects.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 56

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in a bony fish.
Gaseous exchange in amphibians.
Gaseous exchange in mammals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of gills of a bony fish.
To explain how a gill is adapted to function as a respiratory surface.
To explain the mechanism of gaseous exchange in gills.

To list down parts of the tracheal system in man.
To describe the function of the parts of a system respiratory.

Drawing and labeling a gill of a fish; stating the function of each part; and stating how it is adapted to its functions.
Detailed discussion.
Discuss at length man?s respiratory system.

A gill of a fish.
text book
Wall chart- Respiratory system in man.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 56-57
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 59

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

The structure of the lungs.
Inhalation.
Exhalation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain adaptations of the lungs to their functions.

Drawing labeled diagrams coupled with explanations.

Wall charts- Structure of lungs.
Chart / model of a rib cage.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 60-1

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Thoracic cavity model.
Gaseous exchange in an alveolus.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify similarities between a model thoracic cavity and an actual thoracic cavity.

Teacher presents a model thoracic cavity.
Q/A: Comparing parts of the model cavity and the actual rib cage.

Thoracic cavity model.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 61-63

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Rate of breathing in man.
Intercostal muscles.
Inhaled and exhaled air.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state and explain briefly factors affecting the rate of inhalation / exhalation processes.


To explain the function of intercostal muscles during the breathing system.

Discussion and explanations.
Detailed discussion.
Counting number of inhalations before and after an exercise blow.

text book
Lime water, rib cage model.
Lime water.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 63
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 66

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Diseases of the respiratory system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the causes, symptoms and prevention of respiratory diseases.

Discuss cause, symptoms and prevention of whooping cough TB, bronchitis, etc.

Resource person.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 67-70