Social Studies and Personal Development

Self-Exploration - Personal abilities and interests for holistic development
Self-Exploration - Developing personal values for a steady personality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore personal abilities and interests for self-improvement
- Draw and fill personal abilities and interests in a table
- Value the importance of identifying personal abilities and interests

- Learners to think of their personal abilities and interests
- Draw and fill their personal abilities and interests in a table
- Write responses on how these personal abilities and interests can be exploited for holistic development
- Share findings with classmates
- Read dialogue between Grade 7 learners on personal abilities and interests for holistic development

How can personal abilities and interests influence career choices?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 1
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 2

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Social Studies and Personal Development

Self-Exploration - Managing emotions in day-to-day life
Self-Exploration - Personal awareness in day-to-day life
Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Entrepreneurial opportunities that match our personality
Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Categories of entrepreneurial opportunities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various emotions experienced in day-to-day life
- Demonstrate ways of managing happiness and love emotions
- Appreciate the importance of managing emotions in day-to-day life

- Learners to brainstorm on various positive emotions experienced in day-to-day life
- Discuss how to manage these emotions
- Read a summary on ways to manage happiness and love emotions in day-to-day life
- Complete a table on ways to manage happiness and love emotions
- Identify other ways to manage happiness and love emotions

How can emotions be managed effectively in day-to-day life?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 3
- Digital resources
- Chart papers
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 4
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 6
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 7
- Locally available materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Social Studies and Personal Development
People, Population and Relationships

Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Requirements for social entrepreneurial opportunities
Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Appreciating entrepreneurial opportunities
Human Origin - Traditional stories of human origin from African communities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine personality requirements for social entrepreneurial opportunities
- Discuss the connection between entrepreneurial opportunities and personality types
- Value personality requirements for social entrepreneurial opportunities

- Learners to discuss personality requirements for social entrepreneurial opportunities in the world of work
- Read an article on personality requirements for social entrepreneurial opportunities
- Engage a resource person to find out how entrepreneurial opportunities are connected to personality types
- Listen to the resource person and note down key points
- Share summary with classmates

What personality requirements are necessary for social entrepreneurial opportunities?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 8
- Digital resources
- Resource person
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 9
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 12

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Human Origin - Religious stories about the origin of humankind
Human Origin - Common aspects in traditional and religious stories
Human Origin - Recording traditional stories of human origin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain religious stories about the origin of humankind
- Research on religious stories about human origin
- Acknowledge religious stories about the origin of humankind

- Learners to use digital or relevant print resources such as the Bible, Shruti(Heard) or Quran to research on the religious stories about human origin
- Write down findings including the Bible, Shruti(Heard) or Quran chapters
- Read and discuss a conversation between a teacher, expert and learners about religious stories of human origin
- Identify similarities and differences between different religious stories of human origin

What similarities and differences exist among religious stories of human origin?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 13
- Digital resources
- Religious texts (Bible, Quran, etc.)
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 14
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 15

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Human Origin - Effects of traditional and religious stories
Early Civilization - Factors that led to the growth of ancient Egypt

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore effects of traditional and religious stories on human origin
- Write an essay on traditional and religious stories of human origin
- Acknowledge the various stories of human origin for self-identity

- Learners to write essays on traditional and religious stories of human origin
- Read out essays in class
- Use relevant reference material or digital devices to find out the effects of traditional and religious stories on human origin
- Discuss the effects of traditional and religious stories on human origin
- Create songs on religious and traditional stories of human origin

How do traditional and religious stories of human origin affect our self-identity?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 16
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 18
- Pictures

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Early Civilization - Factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
Early Civilization - Factors that led to the growth of the Kingdom of Kongo

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the location of Great Zimbabwe
- Examine factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
- Recognize the importance of factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe

- Learners to use digital or print media to research on factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
- Match factors with correct explanation in a table
- Read statements about factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
- Discuss the factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe
- Record the factors on a chart

What factors contributed to the growth of Great Zimbabwe?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 19
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 20
- Maps

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Early Civilization - Locating ancient kingdoms on a map of Africa
Early Civilization - Contribution of ancient kingdoms to modern world

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate ancient Egypt, Great Zimbabwe and the Kingdom of Kongo on a map of Africa
- Draw a map showing the location of ancient kingdoms in Africa
- Appreciate the geographical distribution of ancient kingdoms in Africa

- Learners to study a map showing ancient kingdoms in Africa
- Identify the location of ancient Egypt, Great Zimbabwe and the Kingdom of Kongo
- Use digital or print media to find out the location of these ancient kingdoms
- Draw a map of Africa on Manila paper or other locally available material
- Indicate the position of ancient Egypt, Great Zimbabwe and the Kingdom of Kongo on the map
- Color the three kingdoms using different colors
- Display the maps in the Social Studies corner

Where were the major ancient African kingdoms located?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 21
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Manila papers
- Map of Africa
- Coloring materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 22
- Chart papers

- Observation - Project work - Oral questions

People, Population and Relationships

Slavery and Servitude - Forms of slavery and servitude in traditional African society
Slavery and Servitude - Factors which led to development of Indian Ocean slave trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define slavery and servitude
- Identify various forms of slavery and servitude in traditional African society
- Show empathy for those who suffered from slavery and servitude

- Learners to talk to friends about the meaning of slavery and servitude
- Use digital or print resources to research on various forms of slavery and servitude in traditional African and contemporary society
- Read statements and choose correct words that fit the statements relating to forms of slavery and servitude
- Identify and discuss other forms of slavery and servitude in traditional African and contemporary society

Why has slavery and servitude existed for thousands of years?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 25
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 26
- Video clips

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Slavery and Servitude - Geographical extent of Indian Ocean slave trade
Slavery and Servitude - Promoting human dignity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Sketch the geographical extent of the regions covered by Indian Ocean slave trade in Africa
- Identify the routes used in the Indian Ocean slave trade
- Show concern for the regions affected by the Indian Ocean slave trade

- Learners to study a map showing the geographical extent of the regions covered by Indian Ocean Slave Trade in Africa
- Sketch the map in exercise books
- Show the routes used by the Indian Ocean slave trade routes along the Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean
- Use digital or print media to search for a map showing the geographical extent of the regions covered by the Indian Ocean slave trade in Africa
- Draw this map on manila paper using different colors to illustrate routes and regions

How widespread was the Indian Ocean slave trade in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 27
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Manila papers
- Coloring materials
- Maps
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 28
- Chart papers

- Observation - Project work - Sketching skills

People, Population and Relationships

Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Locating selected African communities
Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Social and economic activities
Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Comparing socio-economic organisations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify selected African communities (The Ogiek, Zulu, Asante)
- Locate on a map of Africa the areas settled by the selected African communities
- Appreciate the geographical distribution of the selected African communities

- Learners to draw a map of Africa and indicate the areas settled by the selected African communities (The Ogiek, Zulu, Asante)
- Use print or digital devices to research on the areas settled by the selected African communities
- Locate the selected African communities on a map of Africa
- Present their maps to the class

Where were the Ogiek, Zulu, and Asante communities located in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 29
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Maps
- Drawing materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 30
- Chart papers

- Observation - Project work - Oral questions

People, Population and Relationships

Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Cultural practices
Origin of Money - Comparison between barter trade and currency trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify cultural practices of the selected African communities
- Discuss the cultural practices of the selected African communities
- Appreciate the cultural diversity of selected African communities

- Learners to research on cultural practices of the Ogiek, Zulu and Asante communities
- Create a chart showing the cultural practices of each community
- Present their findings to the class
- Discuss the importance of preserving cultural practices
- Role play some of the cultural practices of the selected communities

Why is it important to preserve cultural practices of different communities?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 31
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers
- Currency samples/images

- Observation - Oral questions - Role play assessment

People, Population and Relationships

Origin of Money - Role-playing barter and currency trade
Origin of Money - Factors that led to introduction of money in Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate understanding of barter and currency trade through role play
- Identify advantages and challenges of both trade systems
- Value the significance of currency in modern trade

- Learners to divide into groups
- Role-play on barter trade and currency trade in an African village market
- Take turns to role-play in class with other groups providing constructive criticism
- Write down key points learned from the role-play
- Discuss the advantages and challenges of both trade systems

What are the practical differences between barter and currency trade?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 32
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Props for role play
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 33

- Observation - Performance assessment - Oral questions

People, Population and Relationships

Origin of Money - Impact of introduction of money in Africa
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Factors determining human diversity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze the impact of introduction of money in Africa
- Debate on positive and negative effects of introduction of money
- Appreciate the role of money in economic development

- Learners to read a magazine cutout on the transformative impact of money in Africa
- Identify transformations brought by introduction of money
- Discuss what made barter trade difficult and how money solved trading problems
- Identify statements highlighting the impact of money introduction in Africa
- Discuss other transformations brought by money

How did the introduction of money affect African societies?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 34
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 40
- Dictionary

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Interpersonal skills
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Desirable and undesirable personality attributes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify interpersonal skills that enhance healthy interactions
- Analyze life skills that promote healthy relationships
- Value interpersonal skills that enhance healthy interactions

- Learners to listen to a resource person talk about interpersonal skills that enhance healthy interactions in a multicultural society
- Use digital devices or print media to read about negotiation skills and other interpersonal skills
- Create a table categorizing skills that enhance or hinder healthy interactions
- Make a poster displaying interpersonal skills with brief descriptions

Why is respect and appreciation of diversity crucial for social cohesion?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 41
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Resource person
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 42

- Observation - Oral questions - Project work

People, Population and Relationships

Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Benefits of healthy relationships
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Promoting inclusion and diversity
Peace and conflict resolution - Qualities of a peaceful person

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of building healthy relationships in a multicultural society
- Compose a poem on the importance of healthy relationships
- Appreciate the importance of building healthy relationships

- Learners to research the importance of building healthy relationships in a multicultural society
- Read a placard designed by a Grade 7 learner about healthy relationships
- Read a dialogue between students discussing the importance of healthy relationships
- Compose a poem on the importance of building healthy relationships
- Inquire from parents/guardians on importance of building healthy relationships

What are the benefits of healthy relationships in a multicultural society?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 44
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 45
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 53
- Flashcards

- Observation - Oral questions - Creative writing assessment

People, Population and Relationships

Peace and conflict resolution - Factors promoting peaceful coexistence
Peace and conflict resolution - Peaceful conflict resolution process

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors that promote peaceful coexistence
- Discuss how these factors promote peaceful coexistence
- Show commitment to promoting peaceful coexistence

- Learners to listen to a resource person talk about factors that promote peaceful coexistence
- Take notes from what the resource person says
- Read factors that promote peaceful coexistence written on a chalkboard
- Discuss how these factors promote peaceful coexistence
- Create a chart showing factors that promote peaceful coexistence

How can we promote peace for mutual social well-being?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 54
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Resource person
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 55

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Peace and conflict resolution - Resolving conflicts in everyday situations
Peace and conflict resolution - Importance of peaceful coexistence

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate peaceful conflict resolution in everyday situations
- Explain the process of resolving conflicts
- Show commitment to resolving conflicts peacefully

- Learners to practice resolving conflicts between friends arguing over ownership of a textbook
- Explain and assess the process followed in resolving the conflict
- Help resolve a disagreement between two learners over a burst ball
- Role-play the conflict resolution process
- Present the play to the class

What steps should be followed when resolving conflicts?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 56
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 57

- Observation - Performance assessment - Oral questions

People, Population and Relationships
Community Service Learning
Community Service Learning
Community Service Learning

Peace and conflict resolution - Managing stress and emotions
Community Service Learning Project - Key terms used in community service learning
Community Service Learning Project - Community Services
Community Service Learning Project - Case Study of Community Service Learning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways to manage stress and emotions
- Demonstrate techniques for managing stress and emotions
- Value the importance of emotional management for inner peace

- Learners to discuss various sources of stress and emotional challenges
- Research techniques for managing stress and emotions
- Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing and positive self-talk
- Create a personal stress management plan
- Share effective strategies with classmates

How can stress and emotions be managed to promote inner peace?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 58
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 59
- Print media
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 60
- Pictures showing community services
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 61-62
- Case study material

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Meaning of key terms in CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Importance of CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Benefits of CSL to self
Community Service Learning Project - Benefits of CSL to the community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define key terms used in CSL
- Explain the relationship between different CSL terms
- Show interest in learning CSL terminology

- Read and discuss the meanings of key terms in CSL:
- Community
- Community service
- Project
- Problem
- Solution
- Plan of activity
- Implementation
- Written report of a project
- Create a concept map showing the relationship between the terms

How can community service learning contribute to community development?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 62-63
- Manila papers
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 64
- Marker pens
- Reference materials
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Steps of a CSL project
Community Service Learning Project - Problem identification
Community Service Learning Project - Problem solving through CSL

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify steps involved in carrying out a CSL project
- Explain the significance of each step in the CSL process
- Appreciate the importance of following the steps in a CSL project

- Using digital resources or print media, find out the steps involved in carrying out a CSL project
- Note down findings
- Take turns to make presentations to the rest of the class
- Create a flowchart showing the CSL project steps

What steps should be followed when conducting a CSL project?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66-67

- Observation - Oral questions - Group presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Steps of CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Identifying problems for CSL

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the five main steps of CSL
- Explain the importance of each step
- Value the systematic approach to CSL projects

- Discuss the five main steps of CSL:
1. Identifying and verifying a problem, gap or opportunity
2. Proper planning on how to solve the problem
3. Designing a solution or solutions to the problem
4. Implementing the solution or filling the gap
5. Reflecting and reporting on the project or activity done
- Create a visual representation of the steps

Why is it important to follow systematic steps in CSL projects?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
- School environment
- Notebooks

- Observation - Oral questions - Group presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Planning for a CSL project
Community Service Learning Project - Designing solutions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Develop a plan for addressing the identified problem
- Outline resources needed for the CSL project
- Value the importance of proper planning in CSL

- In groups, develop a detailed plan for addressing the problem identified in the previous lesson
- Include timeline, resources needed, responsibilities, and expected outcomes
- Present the plans to the class
- Select the most feasible plan for implementation

Why is planning important in CSL projects?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers

- Observation - Group presentations - Peer assessment - Written plans

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Implementation planning
Community Service Learning Project - Project implementation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Develop an implementation plan for the CSL project
- Assign roles and responsibilities
- Show commitment to successful project implementation

- Develop a detailed implementation plan including:
- Specific tasks to be done
- Timeline for each task
- Resources needed
- Persons responsible
- Success indicators
- Create a visual representation of the implementation plan

How should implementation of CSL projects be organized?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
- Materials needed for implementation
- Digital cameras/phones
- Notebooks

- Observation - Implementation plans - Group presentations - Peer assessment

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Problem analysis
Community Service Learning Project - Outreach planning
Community Service Learning Project - Reflection and reporting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze problems related to the CSL project
- Develop strategies to overcome implementation challenges
- Show resilience in addressing project difficulties

- Look at pictures showing different problems in the community
- Discuss the problems shown in the pictures
- Using the correct steps, write down how to solve the identified problems
- Take turns to make presentations to the rest of the class

How can we overcome challenges during CSL project implementation?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 68
- Pictures showing community problems
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Reference materials
- Planning templates
- Report templates

- Observation - Problem analysis - Group presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Community Service Learning Project - Key learning points
Historical Information - Sources of historical information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize key learning points from the CSL project
- Evaluate the effectiveness of the CSL project
- Value the importance of CSL in personal and community development

- Discuss key learning points from the CSL project including:
- Importance of following steps
- Being guided by the teacher
- Consulting when unsure
- Working as a team for better results
- Reflecting on the whole exercise
- Assessing the effectiveness of the CSL through feedback
- Create a poster summarizing the learnings

How can CSL projects be improved in the future?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65
- Pictures of historical sources

- Observation - Oral discussions - Summary posters - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Information - Classification of sources
Historical Information - Primary and secondary sources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Classify sources of historical information
- Examine the importance of different historical sources
- Value the role of historical sources in preserving information

- Use digital or print resources to search for different sources of historical information
- Complete a table classifying sources as written, electronic, or unwritten sources
- Discuss the various sources of historical information listed in the table
- Present findings to the rest of the class

How significant are sources of historical information in understanding past human accounts?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66
- Digital resources
- Print media
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66-67
- Manila papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Information - Preservation of historical sources
Historical Development of Agriculture - Areas of early agriculture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore how various sources of historical information have been preserved over the years
- Explain the significance of preserving historical information
- Value the importance of preserving historical sources

- Research how sources of historical information have been preserved over the years
- Discuss ways that have been used to preserve sources of historical information
- Explore the role of museums, national archives, libraries, monuments, and historical buildings in preservation
- Find out other ways of preserving sources of historical information

Why is it important to preserve historical sources?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 68
- Digital resources
- Print media
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 70-71
- Map of Africa
- Atlas

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Development of Agriculture - Crops and animals
Historical Development of Agriculture - Factors favoring agriculture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify crops grown during early agriculture in Africa
- Identify animals kept during early agriculture in Africa
- Value the contribution of early agriculture to development

- Observe pictures showing crops that were grown during early agriculture
- Name the crops shown in the pictures
- Identify crops that were grown in Egypt, Nubia, and Eastern Rift Valley
- Observe pictures showing animals that were kept during early agriculture
- Identify animals that were kept in Egypt, Nubia, and Eastern Rift Valley

How did agriculture begin in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 71-73
- Pictures of crops and animals
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 73-74
- Print media

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Development of Agriculture - Contribution of Nile Valley
Maps and map work - Position of Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Assess the contribution of the Nile Valley agriculture to world civilization
- Explain the significance of Nile Valley agriculture
- Appreciate the importance of agriculture to civilization

- Study a poster on contributions of Nile Valley agriculture to world civilization
- Identify the contributions of Nile Valley agriculture
- Discuss how Nile Valley agriculture contributed to modern-day agriculture
- Research other contributions of Nile Valley agriculture to world civilization

How did Nile Valley agriculture contribute to world civilization?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 74-75
- Digital resources
- Print media
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 77-78
- World map
- Atlas

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Latitudes and longitudes
Maps and map work - Locating places using coordinates
Maps and map work - Calculating time

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of latitudes and longitudes
- Use latitudes and longitudes to locate places on maps
- Show interest in map reading skills

- Research the meaning of latitudes and longitudes
- Brainstorm on how latitudes and longitudes are used to locate places and features on a map
- Practice locating points on a grid using coordinates
- Follow steps to learn how to use latitudes and longitudes for location

How are coordinates used in map reading?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 78-80
- Maps with grid coordinates
- Atlas
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 80-81
- Maps with coordinates
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 81-82
- Maps showing time zones

- Observation - Practical exercises - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Time calculations practice
Maps and map work - African features

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate time differences between locations
- Apply formulas for time calculation
- Value the importance of time calculations for global interactions

- Practice calculating local time when given reference locations
- Solve problems like: "What is the local time at Kinshasa 15°E when the local time at Malindi 40°E is 12.00 noon?"
- Apply the rule that locations east gain time, while locations west lose time
- Share calculations with the class

How do longitude differences affect time?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 82-83
- Maps showing longitudes
- Atlas
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 83-84
- Pictures of African features

- Observation - Calculation exercises - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Appreciation of African features
Earth and the Solar System - Origin of Earth

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Express appreciation for African geographical features
- Create artistic presentations about African features
- Show pride in Africa's geographical identity

- Compose poems about positive features associated with Africa
- Present poems to classmates
- Collaborate to compose a class poem on the positive features associated with Africa
- Present the poem during school assembly or events

How can we promote awareness of Africa's geographical features?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 84
- Pictures of African features
- Creative writing materials
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 85-86
- Pictures of the solar system

- Observation - Poetry assessment - Presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Earth and the Solar System - Earth characteristics
Earth and the Solar System - Rotation and revolution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore the size, shape, and position of earth in the solar system
- Compare earth with other planets
- Value earth as the home of humankind

- Research the size, shape, and position of the earth in the solar system
- Compare earth's size with other planets
- Study diagrams showing earth's measurements
- Discuss the shape of earth (geoid or oblate spheroid)
- Locate earth's position in the solar system

What makes Earth unique in the solar system?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 87-88
- Diagrams of the solar system
- Pictures of planets
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 88-89
- Diagrams showing rotation and revolution

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Earth and the Solar System - Internal structure
Weather - Elements of weather

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Illustrate the internal structure of the earth
- Identify the layers of earth's structure
- Show interest in earth's composition

- Research how the layers of the internal structure of the earth are arranged
- Study a diagram showing the internal structure of earth
- Name the layers of earth's structure (crust, mantle, core)
- Draw the internal structure of the earth
- Label all the parts
- Display diagrams in the class learning corner

What is inside the Earth?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 90
- Diagrams of earth's structure
- Digital resources
- Art materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 91
- Pictures of weather elements

- Observation - Drawing assessment - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Weather - Weather instruments construction
Weather - Weather observation
Weather - Weather significance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct selected instruments for measuring elements of weather
- Explain how weather instruments function
- Show interest in meteorological measurement

- Read steps involved in constructing weather instruments
- Construct a rain gauge using plastic bottles, rulers, and other materials
- Construct a wind vane using straws, manila paper, and other materials
- Construct a windsock using manila paper, string, and other materials
- Test the instruments in the school compound

How can we predict change in weather conditions?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 92-95
- Materials for constructing instruments
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 96-97
- Weather instruments
- Recording charts
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 98-99
- Pictures of weather-related activities

- Observation - Practical assessment - Oral questions

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Weather - Weather response
Fieldwork - Data collection methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Respond appropriately to different weather conditions
- Explain adaptations to weather changes
- Value the importance of safety during severe weather

- Study pictures showing people in different weather conditions
- Explain what is happening in each picture
- Identify the weather conditions shown
- Discuss how to respond to different weather conditions
- Share personal experiences of responding to weather changes
- Create posters showing appropriate responses to weather conditions

How should we adapt to different weather conditions?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 99-100
- Pictures of weather responses
- Digital resources
- Art materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 101
- Research materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Poster assessment

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Fieldwork - Data collection practice
Fieldwork - Importance of fieldwork

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply data collection methods in fieldwork
- Analyze the effectiveness of different methods
- Show interest in data collection techniques

- Study images of people collecting data
- Identify the methods being used
- Match methods of data collection with their correct descriptions
- Practice using different data collection methods in small groups
- Discuss the advantages and limitations of each method

How should we conduct fieldwork?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 102-103
- Data collection tools
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 103-104
- Research materials

- Observation - Practical assessment - Written exercises

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Fieldwork - Challenges and solutions
Fieldwork - Data analysis methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify challenges faced during fieldwork
- Propose solutions to fieldwork challenges
- Show interest in overcoming research difficulties

- Research challenges that one may face during fieldwork
- Study a chart showing challenges during fieldwork
- Discuss the challenges with peers
- Read a conversation about fieldwork challenges and solutions
- Identify challenges and solutions from the conversation
- Create a table of challenges and corresponding solutions

What challenges might arise during fieldwork?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 104-105
- Research materials
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 105-106
- Sample data sets
- Calculators

- Observation - Group discussions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Fieldwork - Valuing fieldwork
Fieldwork - Planning a project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to value fieldwork in investigating phenomena
- Identify the contributions of fieldwork to research
- Show appreciation for fieldwork as a research method

- Discuss the benefits of fieldwork to the immediate environment
- Answer "What value does fieldwork have to the immediate environment?"
- Research how fieldwork contributes to environmental awareness
- Create a summary of how to value fieldwork in investigating the environment
- Share work with classmates

How does fieldwork contribute to environmental awareness?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 107
- Research materials
- Digital resources
- Planning templates

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Fieldwork - Conducting fieldwork
Fieldwork - Data analysis and presentation
Fieldwork - Report writing
Fieldwork - Project presentation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Conduct fieldwork on an environmental topic
- Apply data collection methods
- Show respect during the fieldwork process

- Carry out fieldwork on the chosen topic within the school locality
- Focus on environmental issues
- Use appropriate methods of data collection
- Document the fieldwork process
- Show respect throughout the process

How can we collect data effectively during fieldwork?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 107-108
- Data collection tools
- Notebooks
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 108
- Collected data
- Analysis tools
- Presentation materials
- Report templates
- Writing materials
- Visual aids

- Observation - Fieldwork process - Documentation assessment