Social Studies and Personal Development

Self-Exploration - Personal abilities and interests for holistic development

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore personal abilities and interests for self-improvement
- Draw and fill personal abilities and interests in a table
- Value the importance of identifying personal abilities and interests

- Learners to think of their personal abilities and interests
- Draw and fill their personal abilities and interests in a table
- Write responses on how these personal abilities and interests can be exploited for holistic development
- Share findings with classmates
- Read dialogue between Grade 7 learners on personal abilities and interests for holistic development

How can personal abilities and interests influence career choices?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 1
- Digital resources
- Print materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Social Studies and Personal Development

Self-Exploration - Developing personal values for a steady personality
Self-Exploration - Managing emotions in day-to-day life
Self-Exploration - Personal awareness in day-to-day life
Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Entrepreneurial opportunities that match our personality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify personal values that contribute to a steady personality
- Explain how personal values help in developing a steady personality
- Appreciate the importance of personal values in daily life

- Learners to study a profile of a student with personal values and principles
- Discuss personal values and principles
- Develop own profile with personal values that can help them develop a steady personality
- Use digital or print resources to research on personal principles

How do personal values contribute to a steady personality?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 2
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 3
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 4
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 6

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Social Studies and Personal Development
People, Population and Relationships

Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Categories of entrepreneurial opportunities
Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Requirements for social entrepreneurial opportunities
Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Social Studies - Appreciating entrepreneurial opportunities
Human Origin - Traditional stories of human origin from African communities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different categories of entrepreneurial opportunities in Social Studies
- Classify entrepreneurial opportunities into various categories
- Show interest in various entrepreneurial opportunities in Social Studies

- Learners to use digital or print resources to search for entrepreneurial opportunities in Social Studies
- Classify the entrepreneurial opportunities into categories (Community Development, Cultural Heritage, Environmental Stewardship, Public Relations and Media)
- Create posters of common entrepreneurial opportunities in Social Studies using locally available materials
- Display the posters at the Social Studies learning corner

How can entrepreneurial opportunities in Social Studies be classified?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 7
- Digital resources
- Locally available materials
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 8
- Resource person
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 9
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 12

- Observation - Project work - Oral questions

People, Population and Relationships

Human Origin - Religious stories about the origin of humankind
Human Origin - Common aspects in traditional and religious stories

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain religious stories about the origin of humankind
- Research on religious stories about human origin
- Acknowledge religious stories about the origin of humankind

- Learners to use digital or relevant print resources such as the Bible, Shruti(Heard) or Quran to research on the religious stories about human origin
- Write down findings including the Bible, Shruti(Heard) or Quran chapters
- Read and discuss a conversation between a teacher, expert and learners about religious stories of human origin
- Identify similarities and differences between different religious stories of human origin

What similarities and differences exist among religious stories of human origin?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 13
- Digital resources
- Religious texts (Bible, Quran, etc.)
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 14
- Chart papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Human Origin - Recording traditional stories of human origin
Human Origin - Effects of traditional and religious stories

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss ways of recording traditional stories about human origin
- Compose a song to acknowledge religious and traditional stories of human origin
- Value the significance of recording traditional stories about human origin

- Learners to compose songs to acknowledge religious and traditional stories of human origin
- Rehearse the song in class
- Present the song during school events
- Read a poem about human origin stories
- Identify ways people used to record traditional stories of humankind
- Discuss various ways used to record information on human origin

Why is it important to record traditional stories about human origin?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 15
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 16

- Observation - Oral questions - Performance assessment

People, Population and Relationships

Early Civilization - Factors that led to the growth of ancient Egypt
Early Civilization - Factors that led to the growth of Great Zimbabwe

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors that led to the growth of ancient Egypt
- Discuss factors that led to the growth of ancient Egypt
- Appreciate the significance of factors that led to the growth of ancient Egypt

- Learners to use digital or print resources to find out the factors that led to the growth of ancient Egypt
- Look at pictures showing factors that led to the growth of ancient Egypt
- Discuss what is shown in each picture
- Research on other factors that led to the growth of ancient Egypt
- Write down findings and share with classmates

How did ancient Egyptian civilization develop?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 18
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Pictures
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 19
- Chart papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Early Civilization - Factors that led to the growth of the Kingdom of Kongo
Early Civilization - Locating ancient kingdoms on a map of Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate the Kingdom of Kongo on a map
- Analyze factors that led to the growth of the Kingdom of Kongo
- Value the factors that led to the growth of the Kingdom of Kongo

- Learners to hold a group discussion on factors that contributed to the growth of the Kingdom of Kongo
- Write a report on the discussion
- Read a newspaper extract on the development of the Kingdom of Kongo
- Discuss how the factors highlighted in the newspaper led to the growth of the Kingdom of Kongo
- Identify other factors that led to the growth of the Kingdom of Kongo

How did the Kingdom of Kongo develop and grow?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 20
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Maps
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 21
- Manila papers
- Map of Africa
- Coloring materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written reports

People, Population and Relationships

Early Civilization - Contribution of ancient kingdoms to modern world

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify contributions of early African civilization to the modern world
- Assess the contribution of early African civilization to the modern world
- Recognize the contribution of early civilization to the development of the modern world

- Learners to use ancient inventions to write an essay on the contribution of early African civilization to the modern world
- Present and read out essays in class
- Study a chart showing contribution of early African civilization to the modern world
- Draw a chart to show contribution of early African civilization to the modern world
- Present work to the class

How has early African civilization influenced the world today?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 22
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Slavery and Servitude - Forms of slavery and servitude in traditional African society
Slavery and Servitude - Factors which led to development of Indian Ocean slave trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define slavery and servitude
- Identify various forms of slavery and servitude in traditional African society
- Show empathy for those who suffered from slavery and servitude

- Learners to talk to friends about the meaning of slavery and servitude
- Use digital or print resources to research on various forms of slavery and servitude in traditional African and contemporary society
- Read statements and choose correct words that fit the statements relating to forms of slavery and servitude
- Identify and discuss other forms of slavery and servitude in traditional African and contemporary society

Why has slavery and servitude existed for thousands of years?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 25
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 26
- Video clips

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Slavery and Servitude - Geographical extent of Indian Ocean slave trade
Slavery and Servitude - Promoting human dignity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Sketch the geographical extent of the regions covered by Indian Ocean slave trade in Africa
- Identify the routes used in the Indian Ocean slave trade
- Show concern for the regions affected by the Indian Ocean slave trade

- Learners to study a map showing the geographical extent of the regions covered by Indian Ocean Slave Trade in Africa
- Sketch the map in exercise books
- Show the routes used by the Indian Ocean slave trade routes along the Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean
- Use digital or print media to search for a map showing the geographical extent of the regions covered by the Indian Ocean slave trade in Africa
- Draw this map on manila paper using different colors to illustrate routes and regions

How widespread was the Indian Ocean slave trade in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 27
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Manila papers
- Coloring materials
- Maps
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 28
- Chart papers

- Observation - Project work - Sketching skills

People, Population and Relationships

Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Locating selected African communities
Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Social and economic activities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify selected African communities (The Ogiek, Zulu, Asante)
- Locate on a map of Africa the areas settled by the selected African communities
- Appreciate the geographical distribution of the selected African communities

- Learners to draw a map of Africa and indicate the areas settled by the selected African communities (The Ogiek, Zulu, Asante)
- Use print or digital devices to research on the areas settled by the selected African communities
- Locate the selected African communities on a map of Africa
- Present their maps to the class

Where were the Ogiek, Zulu, and Asante communities located in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 29
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Maps
- Drawing materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 30

- Observation - Project work - Oral questions

People, Population and Relationships

Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Comparing socio-economic organisations
Socio-economic organisation of selected African Communities up to 1900 - Cultural practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare the socio-economic organisations of the selected African communities up to 1900
- Debate on differences and similarities in socio-economic organisation of the selected communities
- Desire to apply effective communication to promote positive social interactions

- Learners to debate on the differences and similarities in socio-economic organisation of the selected African communities up to 1900
- Create a comparison chart showing similarities and differences in socio-economic organisation
- Interact with learners from other communities and share on socio-economic organisation in the locality
- Present their findings to the class

How can we promote positive interactions among communities?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 30
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 31

- Observation - Oral questions - Debate assessment

People, Population and Relationships

Origin of Money - Comparison between barter trade and currency trade
Origin of Money - Role-playing barter and currency trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify currencies used in different African countries
- Compare barter trade and the use of currency trade in Africa
- Appreciate the evolution from barter trade to currency trade

- Learners to study currencies used in different African countries
- Discuss how buying and selling of items was done before introduction of currencies
- Identify types of trade highlighted in pictures
- Discuss differences between barter trade and currency trade
- Complete a table comparing barter trade and currency trade

How has money transformed trade in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 31
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Currency samples/images
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 32
- Props for role play

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Origin of Money - Factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
Origin of Money - Impact of introduction of money in Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the transformation brought by introduction of money in Africa
- Explain factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
- Recognize the importance of money in trade development

- Learners to study images showing factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
- Discuss how these factors led to introduction of money
- Read a conversation between a resource person and Grade 7 learners on factors that led to introduction of money in Africa
- Identify the factors from the conversation
- Research on other factors that led to introduction of money in Africa

What factors necessitated the introduction of money in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 33
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 34

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Factors determining human diversity
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Interpersonal skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define human diversity
- Identify factors that determine human diversity in society
- Appreciate human diversity in society

- Learners to use a dictionary or reference material to find out the meaning of human diversity
- Discuss how human diversity influences relationships among people
- Study a picture and identify human diversities shown
- Research factors that determine human diversity in society
- Complete a personal journal identifying personal characteristics

How do varied personalities shape society?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 40
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Dictionary
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 41
- Resource person
- Chart papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Desirable and undesirable personality attributes
Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Benefits of healthy relationships

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Categorize desirable and undesirable personality attributes
- Match personality attributes with correct descriptions
- Develop positive personality attributes

- Learners to use digital device or print media to read on desirable and undesirable personal attributes
- Listen to a conversation and identify personality attributes mentioned
- Read a poem on personal attributes and identify desirable and undesirable ones
- Match personality attributes with their correct descriptions
- Design a poster showing desirable and undesirable personal attributes

How do personality attributes affect interactions in society?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 42
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 44

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Human Diversity and interpersonal relationships - Promoting inclusion and diversity
Peace and conflict resolution - Qualities of a peaceful person

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss ways to promote inclusion and diversity
- Create messages that promote inclusion and diversity
- Show respect for diversity in society

- Learners to sing a song about interpersonal skills and cultural harmony
- Recite a poem on respect and diversity
- Discuss ways to show inclusion and respect to people who are different
- Create posters with messages promoting inclusion and diversity
- Compose poems or songs celebrating diversity

How can we promote inclusion and respect for diversity in our society?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 45
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 53
- Flashcards

- Observation - Oral questions - Creative work assessment

People, Population and Relationships

Peace and conflict resolution - Factors promoting peaceful coexistence
Peace and conflict resolution - Peaceful conflict resolution process

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors that promote peaceful coexistence
- Discuss how these factors promote peaceful coexistence
- Show commitment to promoting peaceful coexistence

- Learners to listen to a resource person talk about factors that promote peaceful coexistence
- Take notes from what the resource person says
- Read factors that promote peaceful coexistence written on a chalkboard
- Discuss how these factors promote peaceful coexistence
- Create a chart showing factors that promote peaceful coexistence

How can we promote peace for mutual social well-being?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 54
- Digital resources
- Print materials
- Resource person
- Chart papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 55

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

People, Population and Relationships

Peace and conflict resolution - Resolving conflicts in everyday situations
Peace and conflict resolution - Importance of peaceful coexistence

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate peaceful conflict resolution in everyday situations
- Explain the process of resolving conflicts
- Show commitment to resolving conflicts peacefully

- Learners to practice resolving conflicts between friends arguing over ownership of a textbook
- Explain and assess the process followed in resolving the conflict
- Help resolve a disagreement between two learners over a burst ball
- Role-play the conflict resolution process
- Present the play to the class

What steps should be followed when resolving conflicts?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 56
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 57

- Observation - Performance assessment - Oral questions

People, Population and Relationships
Community Service Learning
Community Service Learning

Peace and conflict resolution - Managing stress and emotions
Community Service Learning Project - Key terms used in community service learning
Community Service Learning Project - Community Services

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways to manage stress and emotions
- Demonstrate techniques for managing stress and emotions
- Value the importance of emotional management for inner peace

- Learners to discuss various sources of stress and emotional challenges
- Research techniques for managing stress and emotions
- Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing and positive self-talk
- Create a personal stress management plan
- Share effective strategies with classmates

How can stress and emotions be managed to promote inner peace?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 7 pg. 58
- Digital resources
- Print materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 59
- Print media
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 60
- Pictures showing community services

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Case Study of Community Service Learning
Community Service Learning Project - Meaning of key terms in CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Importance of CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Benefits of CSL to self

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify components of a CSL project from a case study
- Analyze different aspects of a CSL project
- Value the importance of CSL projects in the community

- Read the story about Okello and his CSL activities
- Identify the activities Okello and his friends did as a community service
- Identify other community services people engage in
- Identify the project which Okello and his friends started in the village
- Identify the problem members of Kolol village were facing
- Write down the solution they came up with

How can community service learning contribute to community development?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 61-62
- Case study material
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 62-63
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 64
- Marker pens
- Reference materials
- Chart papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Benefits of CSL to the community
Community Service Learning Project - Steps of a CSL project
Community Service Learning Project - Problem identification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify benefits of CSL to the community
- Explain how CSL enhances community development
- Value the role of CSL in community growth

- Discuss key benefits of CSL to the community including:
- Additional human resources for organizational goals
- Growing the volunteer pool
- Increased public awareness of key issues
- Education about community issues
- Preparation of learners to be future civic leaders
- Networking with other organizations
- Role play scenarios showing community benefits

How does CSL contribute to community development?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Chart papers
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66

- Observation - Role play evaluation - Group presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Problem solving through CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Steps of CSL

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze a given scenario about a problem
- Develop strategies to address the problem through CSL
- Appreciate the role of CSL in problem solving

- Read the scenario about Grade Seven learners from Malkia School whose classrooms were destroyed by strong winds
- Fill in a table on how they were going to deal with the situation (Problem, Plan of solving the problem, Possible solutions, Implementing the solutions, Reflection on the project)
- From the activity, write down the possible steps of carrying out a CSL
- Take turns to make presentations

How can CSL help in solving real-life problems?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66-67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67

- Observation - Group work - Presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Identifying problems for CSL
Community Service Learning Project - Planning for a CSL project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify problems in the community that require CSL interventions
- Categorize problems based on priority and feasibility
- Show interest in addressing community problems

- With the guidance of the teacher, take a nature walk in the immediate surrounding of the school
- Identify problems that need to be solved within the school community
- Categorize the problems based on priority and feasibility
- Select one problem for the class CSL project

How can we identify and prioritize problems for CSL projects?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- School environment
- Digital resources
- Notebooks
- Reference materials
- Manila papers

- Observation - Field notes - Group discussions - Written assignments

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Designing solutions
Community Service Learning Project - Implementation planning

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Design creative solutions to the identified problem
- Evaluate the feasibility of different solutions
- Show creativity in developing solutions

- In groups, design at least three possible solutions to the identified problem
- Evaluate each solution based on effectiveness, resources required, and sustainability
- Select the most appropriate solution
- Present the solution to the class for feedback

How can we design effective solutions for CSL projects?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers

- Observation - Solution designs - Group presentations - Peer assessment

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Project implementation
Community Service Learning Project - Problem analysis

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Implement the designed solution to address the identified problem
- Apply teamwork skills during implementation
- Show responsibility in executing assigned tasks

- Using the necessary steps, work out to solve the problem as a group
- Implement the solution according to the plan
- Document the implementation process through photos, videos, or notes
- Follow teacher guidance especially if the project requires more time and resources

What challenges might arise during CSL project implementation?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
- Materials needed for implementation
- Digital cameras/phones
- Notebooks
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 68
- Pictures showing community problems
- Digital resources
- Manila papers

- Observation - Implementation documentation - Group participation - Teacher assessment

Community Service Learning

Community Service Learning Project - Outreach planning
Community Service Learning Project - Reflection and reporting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan a CSL outreach activity
- Outline steps for conducting the outreach
- Show empathy towards vulnerable community members

- With the help of teacher, parent or guardian, plan to visit a nearby children's home, home for the elderly or a hospital
- Outline possible community services to carry out
- Provide possible solutions to the people to be visited
- Plan on how to implement the activity
- Discuss ethical considerations during the outreach

How can we extend CSL projects to vulnerable groups in the community?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Planning templates
- Report templates

- Observation - Outreach plans - Group presentations - Written assignments

Community Service Learning
Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Community Service Learning Project - Key learning points
Historical Information - Sources of historical information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize key learning points from the CSL project
- Evaluate the effectiveness of the CSL project
- Value the importance of CSL in personal and community development

- Discuss key learning points from the CSL project including:
- Importance of following steps
- Being guided by the teacher
- Consulting when unsure
- Working as a team for better results
- Reflecting on the whole exercise
- Assessing the effectiveness of the CSL through feedback
- Create a poster summarizing the learnings

How can CSL projects be improved in the future?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65
- Pictures of historical sources

- Observation - Oral discussions - Summary posters - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Information - Classification of sources
Historical Information - Primary and secondary sources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Classify sources of historical information
- Examine the importance of different historical sources
- Value the role of historical sources in preserving information

- Use digital or print resources to search for different sources of historical information
- Complete a table classifying sources as written, electronic, or unwritten sources
- Discuss the various sources of historical information listed in the table
- Present findings to the rest of the class

How significant are sources of historical information in understanding past human accounts?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66
- Digital resources
- Print media
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66-67
- Manila papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Information - Preservation of historical sources
Historical Development of Agriculture - Areas of early agriculture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore how various sources of historical information have been preserved over the years
- Explain the significance of preserving historical information
- Value the importance of preserving historical sources

- Research how sources of historical information have been preserved over the years
- Discuss ways that have been used to preserve sources of historical information
- Explore the role of museums, national archives, libraries, monuments, and historical buildings in preservation
- Find out other ways of preserving sources of historical information

Why is it important to preserve historical sources?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 68
- Digital resources
- Print media
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 70-71
- Map of Africa
- Atlas

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Development of Agriculture - Crops and animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify crops grown during early agriculture in Africa
- Identify animals kept during early agriculture in Africa
- Value the contribution of early agriculture to development

- Observe pictures showing crops that were grown during early agriculture
- Name the crops shown in the pictures
- Identify crops that were grown in Egypt, Nubia, and Eastern Rift Valley
- Observe pictures showing animals that were kept during early agriculture
- Identify animals that were kept in Egypt, Nubia, and Eastern Rift Valley

How did agriculture begin in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 71-73
- Pictures of crops and animals
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Historical Development of Agriculture - Factors favoring agriculture
Historical Development of Agriculture - Contribution of Nile Valley

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore factors that favored growing of crops and rearing of animals in Africa
- Compare agricultural practices in different regions
- Show interest in agricultural development

- Use digital or print resources to research on the factors that favored growing of crops and rearing of animals
- Write down summary points
- Discuss factors that favored growing of crops and rearing of animals in Egypt, Nubia, and Eastern Rift Valley
- Create a chart comparing agricultural factors in different regions

What factors led to the development of agriculture in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 73-74
- Digital resources
- Print media
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 74-75

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Position of Africa
Maps and map work - Latitudes and longitudes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the position, shape, and size of Africa
- Locate Africa on a world map
- Appreciate Africa's unique geographical features

- Brainstorm on what a map, region, and continent are
- Research the position, shape, and size of Africa
- Study a world map and identify continents neighboring Africa
- Name oceans surrounding Africa
- Compare the size of Africa with other continents
- Discuss the shape of Africa

How are maps used?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 77-78
- World map
- Atlas
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 78-80
- Maps with grid coordinates

- Observation - Oral questions - Map work

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Locating places using coordinates
Maps and map work - Calculating time

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Locate places and features on a map using latitudes and longitudes
- Interpret map coordinates
- Show interest in using coordinates for location

- Study a map showing coordinates
- Practice locating points labeled on the map using latitudes and longitudes
- Write down the coordinates for different locations
- Use an atlas to locate countries and features using latitudes and longitudes

How are maps used to locate places accurately?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 80-81
- Maps with coordinates
- Atlas
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 81-82
- Maps showing time zones

- Observation - Practical exercises - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Time calculations practice
Maps and map work - African features

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate time differences between locations
- Apply formulas for time calculation
- Value the importance of time calculations for global interactions

- Practice calculating local time when given reference locations
- Solve problems like: "What is the local time at Kinshasa 15°E when the local time at Malindi 40°E is 12.00 noon?"
- Apply the rule that locations east gain time, while locations west lose time
- Share calculations with the class

How do longitude differences affect time?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 82-83
- Maps showing longitudes
- Atlas
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 83-84
- Pictures of African features

- Observation - Calculation exercises - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Maps and map work - Appreciation of African features
Earth and the Solar System - Origin of Earth

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Express appreciation for African geographical features
- Create artistic presentations about African features
- Show pride in Africa's geographical identity

- Compose poems about positive features associated with Africa
- Present poems to classmates
- Collaborate to compose a class poem on the positive features associated with Africa
- Present the poem during school assembly or events

How can we promote awareness of Africa's geographical features?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 84
- Pictures of African features
- Creative writing materials
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 85-86
- Pictures of the solar system

- Observation - Poetry assessment - Presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Earth and the Solar System - Earth characteristics
Earth and the Solar System - Rotation and revolution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore the size, shape, and position of earth in the solar system
- Compare earth with other planets
- Value earth as the home of humankind

- Research the size, shape, and position of the earth in the solar system
- Compare earth's size with other planets
- Study diagrams showing earth's measurements
- Discuss the shape of earth (geoid or oblate spheroid)
- Locate earth's position in the solar system

What makes Earth unique in the solar system?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 87-88
- Diagrams of the solar system
- Pictures of planets
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 88-89
- Diagrams showing rotation and revolution

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Earth and the Solar System - Internal structure
Weather - Elements of weather

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Illustrate the internal structure of the earth
- Identify the layers of earth's structure
- Show interest in earth's composition

- Research how the layers of the internal structure of the earth are arranged
- Study a diagram showing the internal structure of earth
- Name the layers of earth's structure (crust, mantle, core)
- Draw the internal structure of the earth
- Label all the parts
- Display diagrams in the class learning corner

What is inside the Earth?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 90
- Diagrams of earth's structure
- Digital resources
- Art materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 91
- Pictures of weather elements

- Observation - Drawing assessment - Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Weather - Weather instruments construction
Weather - Weather observation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct selected instruments for measuring elements of weather
- Explain how weather instruments function
- Show interest in meteorological measurement

- Read steps involved in constructing weather instruments
- Construct a rain gauge using plastic bottles, rulers, and other materials
- Construct a wind vane using straws, manila paper, and other materials
- Construct a windsock using manila paper, string, and other materials
- Test the instruments in the school compound

How can we predict change in weather conditions?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 92-95
- Materials for constructing instruments
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 96-97
- Weather instruments
- Recording charts

- Observation - Practical assessment - Oral questions

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Weather - Weather significance
Weather - Weather response

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the significance of weather to human environment
- Relate weather conditions to human activities
- Show interest in weather patterns

- Research the significance of weather to the human environment
- Visit the local environment to find out human activities during different weather conditions
- Study pictures of activities related to different weather conditions
- Create a chart showing human activities and associated weather conditions
- Write a report on the significance of weather

How does weather affect human activities?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 98-99
- Pictures of weather-related activities
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 99-100
- Pictures of weather responses
- Art materials

- Observation - Oral presentations - Written reports

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Fieldwork - Data collection methods
Fieldwork - Data collection practice

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define fieldwork and its purpose
- Identify methods of data collection used in fieldwork
- Value the importance of fieldwork in research

- Research the meaning of fieldwork
- Find out methods of data collection used in fieldwork
- Discuss methods of data collection (observation, questionnaires, interviews, group discussions)
- Create a chart showing data collection methods and their uses

Why is fieldwork important in social studies?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 101
- Research materials
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 102-103
- Data collection tools

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Fieldwork - Importance of fieldwork
Fieldwork - Challenges and solutions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of fieldwork
- Identify benefits of fieldwork to learning
- Appreciate the value of firsthand information

- Research the importance of fieldwork
- Discuss the importance of fieldwork with peers
- Read a conversation between students discussing fieldwork benefits
- Identify the importance of fieldwork from the conversation
- Create a poster highlighting the benefits of fieldwork

What are the benefits of fieldwork in learning?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 103-104
- Research materials
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 104-105

- Observation - Oral questions - Poster assessment

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Fieldwork - Data analysis methods
Fieldwork - Valuing fieldwork

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify methods of data analysis after fieldwork
- Apply data analysis methods to sample data
- Value the importance of accurate data analysis

- Research methods of data analysis
- Analyze sample data using mean, mode, and median
- Practice data analysis with examples of transport means and food preferences
- Present analysis results to the class
- Discuss the significance of data analysis in research

How can we analyze data collected from fieldwork?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 105-106
- Sample data sets
- Calculators
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 107
- Research materials

- Observation - Calculation exercises - Presentation assessment

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Fieldwork - Planning a project
Fieldwork - Conducting fieldwork

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan a fieldwork project
- Identify a suitable topic for investigation
- Show interest in environmental issues

- Form groups for fieldwork projects
- Discuss how to conduct fieldwork using relevant materials
- Choose a topic to be studied focusing on environmental issues
- Develop a fieldwork plan including objectives, methods, and timeline
- Present plans to the class for feedback

How can we plan effective fieldwork projects?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 107
- Planning templates
- Research materials
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 107-108
- Data collection tools
- Notebooks

- Observation - Project plans - Group presentations

Natural and Historic Built Environments in Africa

Fieldwork - Data analysis and presentation
Fieldwork - Report writing
Fieldwork - Project presentation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze data collected during fieldwork
- Present findings in appropriate formats
- Value the importance of accurate analysis

- Use methods of data analysis to analyze collected data
- Organize data in tables, charts, or graphs
- Interpret patterns and trends in the data
- Prepare presentations of the findings
- Share findings with classmates for peer assessment

How should we analyze and present fieldwork data?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 108
- Collected data
- Analysis tools
- Presentation materials
- Report templates
- Writing materials
- Digital resources
- Visual aids

- Observation - Analysis accuracy - Presentation skills