Political Development and Governance

Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - Political organization

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the political organization of selected African communities up to 1900
- Compare political systems of different communities
- Appreciate diverse political structures

- Brainstorm the political organization of the Ogiek, the Zulu, and the Asante up to 1900
- Discuss the various European groups that came to Africa
- Present findings to the class
- Create charts showing political organizations of selected communities

How were African communities politically organized before the coming of the Europeans?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 109
- Reference materials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - Political organization

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the political organization of selected African communities up to 1900
- Compare political systems of different communities
- Appreciate diverse political structures

- Brainstorm the political organization of the Ogiek, the Zulu, and the Asante up to 1900
- Discuss the various European groups that came to Africa
- Present findings to the class
- Create charts showing political organizations of selected communities

How were African communities politically organized before the coming of the Europeans?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 109
- Reference materials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - Scramble for Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of "Scramble for and Partition of Africa"
- Identify European powers involved in the scramble
- Show interest in African colonial history

- Research the meaning of "Scramble for and Partition of Africa"
- Discuss the meaning with peers
- Write an essay explaining "Scramble for and Partition of Africa"
- Present essays for peer review
- Share work with parents or guardians

How did developments in Europe influence the scramble and partition of Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 109-110
- Reference materials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Essay assessment - Oral presentations

Political Development and Governance

Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - European roles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore roles of European groups in the "Scramble for and Partition" of Africa
- Identify European powers and their territories
- Show interest in colonial history

- Research the roles of European groups in the "Scramble for and Partition of Africa"
- Study a chart showing European groups and their roles
- Create a chart showing European groups and their roles in Africa
- Share work with peers for feedback

What motivated European powers to colonize Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 110-112
- Chart materials
- Digital resources
- Reference books

- Observation - Chart assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - European roles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore roles of European groups in the "Scramble for and Partition" of Africa
- Identify European powers and their territories
- Show interest in colonial history

- Research the roles of European groups in the "Scramble for and Partition of Africa"
- Study a chart showing European groups and their roles
- Create a chart showing European groups and their roles in Africa
- Share work with peers for feedback

What motivated European powers to colonize Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 110-112
- Chart materials
- Digital resources
- Reference books

- Observation - Chart assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - Berlin Conference
Political Development in Africa up to 1900 - Colonial territories

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the terms of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885
- Explain the significance of the conference
- Value the importance of understanding colonial history

- Locate the regions of partition by the European groups
- Identify colonial territories in Africa
- Show interest in African colonial geography

- Research terms of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885
- Study a poster with information about the Berlin Conference
- Discuss questions related to the conference
- Create posters on the terms of the Berlin Conference
- Display posters in the Social Studies learning corner
- Study a map showing the partition of Africa by European powers
- Identify which European power had the most colonies
- Identify which European power had the least colonies
- Identify countries in Africa that were not colonized
- Fill in a table matching European powers with their African colonies

What were the outcomes of the Berlin Conference?
How was Africa divided among European powers?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 112-113
- Poster materials
- Digital resources
- Reference books
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 113-114
- Map of colonial Africa
- Atlas
- Digital resources

- Observation - Poster assessment - Written assignments
- Observation - Map work - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

The Constitution of Kenya - Importance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define what a constitution is
- Explain the importance of the Constitution of Kenya
- Value the role of the constitution in governance

- Research the meaning of the Constitution of Kenya
- Research the importance of the Constitution of Kenya
- Write an essay on the importance of the Constitution
- Read dialogues about the importance of the constitution
- Identify important points from the dialogue

Why should a country have a constitution?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 118-119
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Essay assessment - Oral questions

Political Development and Governance

The Constitution of Kenya - Importance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define what a constitution is
- Explain the importance of the Constitution of Kenya
- Value the role of the constitution in governance

- Research the meaning of the Constitution of Kenya
- Research the importance of the Constitution of Kenya
- Write an essay on the importance of the Constitution
- Read dialogues about the importance of the constitution
- Identify important points from the dialogue

Why should a country have a constitution?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 118-119
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Essay assessment - Oral questions

Political Development and Governance

The Constitution of Kenya - Importance
The Constitution of Kenya - Upholding the constitution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define what a constitution is
- Explain the importance of the Constitution of Kenya
- Value the role of the constitution in governance

- Define terms related to upholding and protecting the constitution
- Identify ways of upholding the constitution
- Show interest in constitutional protection

- Research the meaning of the Constitution of Kenya
- Research the importance of the Constitution of Kenya
- Write an essay on the importance of the Constitution
- Read dialogues about the importance of the constitution
- Identify important points from the dialogue
- Match terms related to upholding and protecting the constitution with their meanings
- Research ways of upholding and protecting the Constitution of Kenya
- Discuss ways of upholding and protecting the Constitution
- Create posters showing ways to uphold the constitution

Why should a country have a constitution?
Why should we uphold and protect the Constitution?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 118-119
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 119-120
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources
- Poster materials

- Observation - Essay assessment - Oral questions
- Observation - Matching exercises - Oral questions

Political Development and Governance

The Constitution of Kenya - Promulgation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the promulgation of the Constitution of Kenya
- Describe the process of constitutional development
- Value the importance of the constitutional process

- Watch a video on promulgation of the Constitution of Kenya
- Discuss the meaning of promulgation
- Identify when the Constitution of Kenya was promulgated
- Research steps followed during promulgation
- Read a newspaper extract about the constitution

How was the Constitution of Kenya developed?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 121
- Video resources
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

The Constitution of Kenya - Promulgation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the promulgation of the Constitution of Kenya
- Describe the process of constitutional development
- Value the importance of the constitutional process

- Watch a video on promulgation of the Constitution of Kenya
- Discuss the meaning of promulgation
- Identify when the Constitution of Kenya was promulgated
- Research steps followed during promulgation
- Read a newspaper extract about the constitution

How was the Constitution of Kenya developed?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 121
- Video resources
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

The Constitution of Kenya - Promulgation
The Constitution of Kenya - National values

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the promulgation of the Constitution of Kenya
- Describe the process of constitutional development
- Value the importance of the constitutional process

- Identify national values in the Constitution of Kenya
- Explain the importance of national values
- Appreciate the role of values in governance

- Watch a video on promulgation of the Constitution of Kenya
- Discuss the meaning of promulgation
- Identify when the Constitution of Kenya was promulgated
- Research steps followed during promulgation
- Read a newspaper extract about the constitution
- Research national values provided in the Constitution of Kenya
- Complete a crossword puzzle containing Kenyan national values
- Complete a table explaining national values
- Discuss the importance of national values
- Create posters highlighting national values

How was the Constitution of Kenya developed?
How do national values promote good governance?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 121
- Video resources
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 122-123
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources
- Poster materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
- Observation - Puzzle completion - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

The Constitution of Kenya - Applying national values

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply national values in day-to-day life
- Create materials promoting national values
- Show commitment to national values

- Write slogans on national values as provided in the Constitution of Kenya
- Compose songs on national values
- Sing national anthems (Kenya, East Africa, African Union)
- Discuss how to apply national values in daily life
- Create role plays demonstrating national values

How can we apply national values in daily life?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 123-125
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources
- Song materials

- Observation - Creative materials - Role play assessment

Political Development and Governance

The Constitution of Kenya - Applying national values

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply national values in day-to-day life
- Create materials promoting national values
- Show commitment to national values

- Write slogans on national values as provided in the Constitution of Kenya
- Compose songs on national values
- Sing national anthems (Kenya, East Africa, African Union)
- Discuss how to apply national values in daily life
- Create role plays demonstrating national values

How can we apply national values in daily life?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 123-125
- Constitution of Kenya
- Digital resources
- Song materials

- Observation - Creative materials - Role play assessment

Political Development and Governance

Human Rights - Classification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define human rights
- Classify human rights as stipulated in human rights instruments
- Value human rights in society

- Research the concept of human rights
- Research the classification of human rights
- Provide examples for each classification
- Share findings with the class
- Create posters showing human rights classifications

Why is it important to know our rights?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 126-128
- Human rights documents
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Human Rights - Characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain characteristics of human rights
- Identify how human rights are manifested
- Show interest in human rights protection

- Research characteristics of human rights
- Study a summary on characteristics of human rights
- Discuss the characteristics identified
- Create a tree model showing characteristics of human rights
- Display models at the Social Studies learning corner

What are the key characteristics of human rights?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 128-129
- Human rights documents
- Digital resources
- Art materials

- Observation - Model assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Human Rights - Characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain characteristics of human rights
- Identify how human rights are manifested
- Show interest in human rights protection

- Research characteristics of human rights
- Study a summary on characteristics of human rights
- Discuss the characteristics identified
- Create a tree model showing characteristics of human rights
- Display models at the Social Studies learning corner

What are the key characteristics of human rights?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 128-129
- Human rights documents
- Digital resources
- Art materials

- Observation - Model assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Human Rights - Equity and non-discrimination

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the concept of equity and non-discrimination
- Identify examples of equity in society
- Value fair treatment of all people

- Study pictures showing examples of equity
- Discuss observations about equity and non-discrimination
- Read a story about equity and discuss its message
- Read a poem about non-discrimination and discuss its message
- Discuss benefits of equity and non-discrimination

How can we promote equity and non-discrimination in society?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 130-132
- Pictures showing equity
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Human Rights - Promoting equity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways of promoting equity and non-discrimination
- Create materials advocating for equity
- Show commitment to promoting equality

- Research ways of promoting equity and non-discrimination
- Study posters showing ways to promote equity
- Create posters on equity and non-discrimination
- Display posters within the school environment
- Organize a "Peaceful Walk" to educate the community

How can we take action to promote equity and non-discrimination?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 132-134
- Poster materials
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Poster assessment - Participation assessment

Political Development and Governance

Human Rights - Promoting equity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways of promoting equity and non-discrimination
- Create materials advocating for equity
- Show commitment to promoting equality

- Research ways of promoting equity and non-discrimination
- Study posters showing ways to promote equity
- Create posters on equity and non-discrimination
- Display posters within the school environment
- Organize a "Peaceful Walk" to educate the community

How can we take action to promote equity and non-discrimination?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 132-134
- Poster materials
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Poster assessment - Participation assessment

Political Development and Governance

Human Rights - Valuing human rights

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain ways to promote respect for human rights
- Identify actions that support human dignity
- Value the importance of human rights

- Research ways to promote respect for human rights
- Study a chart on promoting respect for human rights
- Discuss ways of promoting respect for human rights
- Organize a debate on "Value human rights for promotion of human dignity"
- Note down main points from the debate

How can we promote respect for human rights in our community?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 134-135
- Human rights documents
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Debate assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

African Diasporas - Concept

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the concept of African Diasporas
- Identify key characteristics of diasporas
- Show interest in diaspora communities

- Research the concept of African Diasporas
- Read messages about African Diasporas from African Union documents
- Compare research findings with the messages
- Read articles about African Diasporas
- Discuss the concept with peers

How can we promote collaboration between continental Africans and African Diasporas?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 138-139
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

African Diasporas - Contributing factors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors that contributed to African Diasporas
- Explain historical and modern diaspora movements
- Show interest in diaspora history

- Read articles about factors contributing to African Diasporas
- Identify factors that contributed to the presence of African Diasporas
- Study profiles of diaspora individuals
- Identify factors that led to their diaspora status
- Create a mind map of diaspora contributing factors

What factors led to the formation of African Diasporas?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 139-140
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Mind map assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

African Diasporas - Contributing factors
African Diasporas - Geographic locations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors that contributed to African Diasporas
- Explain historical and modern diaspora movements
- Show interest in diaspora history

- Locate countries inhabited by African Diasporas by 1960
- Identify major diaspora settlements
- Value the global presence of African descendants

- Read articles about factors contributing to African Diasporas
- Identify factors that contributed to the presence of African Diasporas
- Study profiles of diaspora individuals
- Identify factors that led to their diaspora status
- Create a mind map of diaspora contributing factors
- Research locations of the United States, Brazil, and France on a world map
- Study a map showing countries inhabited by African Diasporas by 1960
- Name countries that were inhabited by African Diasporas by 1960
- Give the direction of these countries in relation to Africa
- Draw a map indicating diaspora locations

What factors led to the formation of African Diasporas?
Where are African Diasporas located globally?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 139-140
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 140-141
- World maps
- Atlas
- Digital resources

- Observation - Mind map assessment - Written assignments
- Observation - Map work - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

African Diasporas - Political development

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Assess the role of diasporas in political development in Africa
- Identify ways diasporas influence African politics
- Value diaspora contributions

- Research the role of African diasporas in political development in Africa
- Watch videos on diaspora contributions to African politics
- Debate on "African Diasporas have supported political development in Africa"
- Study a researcher's notes on diaspora contributions
- Create posters highlighting diaspora contributions

How have African Diasporas influenced political development in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 141-142
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Debate materials

- Observation - Debate assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

African Diasporas - Political development

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Assess the role of diasporas in political development in Africa
- Identify ways diasporas influence African politics
- Value diaspora contributions

- Research the role of African diasporas in political development in Africa
- Watch videos on diaspora contributions to African politics
- Debate on "African Diasporas have supported political development in Africa"
- Study a researcher's notes on diaspora contributions
- Create posters highlighting diaspora contributions

How have African Diasporas influenced political development in Africa?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 141-142
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Debate materials

- Observation - Debate assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

African Diasporas - Political development
African Diasporas - Promoting unity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Assess the role of diasporas in political development in Africa
- Identify ways diasporas influence African politics
- Value diaspora contributions

- Develop slogans promoting African unity
- Explain ways to strengthen diaspora-continent connections
- Value African unity and cooperation

- Research the role of African diasporas in political development in Africa
- Watch videos on diaspora contributions to African politics
- Debate on "African Diasporas have supported political development in Africa"
- Study a researcher's notes on diaspora contributions
- Create posters highlighting diaspora contributions
- Study slogans on African Diasporas in promoting African unity
- Discuss the importance of each message to African diasporas
- Create slogans on African diasporas and promotion of African unity
- Write slogans on manila paper
- Display work in the school
- Research ways to promote collaboration between continental Africans and diasporas

How have African Diasporas influenced political development in Africa?
How can we promote African unity in society today?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 141-142
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Debate materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 142-143
- Digital resources
- Manila papers
- Art materials

- Observation - Debate assessment - Written assignments
- Observation - Slogan assessment - Research findings

Political Development and Governance

Citizenship - Interconnectedness

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain interconnectedness among countries
- Identify ways countries connect and depend on each other
- Value global interconnectedness

- Study images showing connections between countries
- Identify how people in different countries are connected
- Discuss a billboard message about interconnectedness
- Read articles about connections between countries
- Create a mind map showing ways countries are interconnected

How do countries connect and depend on each other in the world today?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 144-145
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Mind map assessment - Oral questions

Political Development and Governance

Citizenship - Interconnectedness

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain interconnectedness among countries
- Identify ways countries connect and depend on each other
- Value global interconnectedness

- Study images showing connections between countries
- Identify how people in different countries are connected
- Discuss a billboard message about interconnectedness
- Read articles about connections between countries
- Create a mind map showing ways countries are interconnected

How do countries connect and depend on each other in the world today?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 144-145
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Mind map assessment - Oral questions

Political Development and Governance

Citizenship - Interconnectedness
Citizenship - Globalization effects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain interconnectedness among countries
- Identify ways countries connect and depend on each other
- Value global interconnectedness

- Define globalization
- Examine effects of globalization at national and global levels
- Show interest in global connections

- Study images showing connections between countries
- Identify how people in different countries are connected
- Discuss a billboard message about interconnectedness
- Read articles about connections between countries
- Create a mind map showing ways countries are interconnected
- Research the meaning of globalization and its effects
- Study a poster showing effects of globalization
- Categorize effects as positive or negative
- Create a wheel diagram showing effects of globalization
- Display the wheel at the Social Studies corner

How do countries connect and depend on each other in the world today?
Which are the common concerns in the world today?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 144-145
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 145-147
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Art materials

- Observation - Mind map assessment - Oral questions
- Observation - Wheel assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Citizenship - Global citizen qualities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe qualities of a global citizen
- Identify behaviors of responsible global citizens
- Value global citizenship principles

- Read a story about expectations of global citizens
- Identify qualities of a good citizen from the story
- Research qualities of a global citizen in modern society
- Study a list of qualities of a global citizen
- Create posters highlighting global citizen qualities

What qualities should a global citizen possess?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 147-149
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Poster materials

- Observation - Poster assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Citizenship - Global citizen qualities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe qualities of a global citizen
- Identify behaviors of responsible global citizens
- Value global citizenship principles

- Read a story about expectations of global citizens
- Identify qualities of a good citizen from the story
- Research qualities of a global citizen in modern society
- Study a list of qualities of a global citizen
- Create posters highlighting global citizen qualities

What qualities should a global citizen possess?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 147-149
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Poster materials

- Observation - Poster assessment - Written assignments

Political Development and Governance

Citizenship - International contribution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain ways of contributing to the international community
- Identify actions that maintain national loyalty while being global
- Value balanced global and national citizenship

- Research ways of contributing to the international community while maintaining loyalty to own country
- Read poems about balanced citizenship
- Study messages related to international contributions
- Discuss ways of contributing internationally while maintaining national loyalty
- Compose songs or poems on balanced citizenship

How can we contribute to the international community while maintaining loyalty to our country?

Distinction Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 149-151
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Creative materials

- Observation - Creative work assessment - Oral questions