TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Introduction. Transport in plants Transport in simple plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define transport.

Explain importance of transport in plants and animals.
Describe transport in simple plants.

Q/A and discussion;
Discuss transport in simple animals and plants e.g. mosses.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 1

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

External structure of the root.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Relate the external structure of the root to its function.

State primary functions of roots.

Class experiment- to examine a piece of a taproot.
Drawing and labeling a diagram of the taproot.
Discussion of adaptation of the root hairs to their functions.
Q/A: Functions of roots.

Tap root, bean / pea seedlings.

Petri-dish
Razor blade.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 1-2

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Internal structure of the root.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Relate the internal structure of a root to its functions.

Drawing and labeling diagrams of sections of roots and root hairs for monocotyledon and dicotyledonous roots.
Discuss functions of the labeled parts.

Permanent slides of roots,
microscope, wallchart.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 2-4

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Structure and functions of the stem.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe structural organization of stems.
To state primary functions of the stem.

Observing permanent stem slides under a microscope.

Detailed discussion.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 5

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Internal structure of the stem.
Absorption of water and mineral salts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label internal stem structures.
To explain processes through which water and mineral salts move through plants.

Drawing and labeling transverse sections of stems.
Discussion and Explanations.

Wall charts - Internal structure of the stem.
Wall charts ?
Root hairs.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 5- 7
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 7 - 9

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Absorption of water and mineral salts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain processes through which water and mineral salts move through plants.

Discussion and Explanations.

Wall charts ?
Root hairs.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 7 - 9

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Significance and types of Transpiration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain significance of transpiration.
To state and explain types of transpiration.

Probing questions,
Discussion,
Explanations.

Wall charts ?
Internal structure of a leaf.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 9-10, 12

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Factors affecting rate of transpiration.
The Xylem tissue. Forces involved in transport of water and mineral salts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state and explain factors affecting transpiration.
To describe the structure of xylem tissue.

To explain the forces involved in transport of water and mineral salts.

Q/A:
Discussion
Explanations.
Q/A:
Discussion
Explanations
Drawing diagrams.

text book
Wall charts-The xylem tissue.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 12- 14
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 10-12

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Rates of transpiration on leaf surfaces.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe simple experiments to show rates of transpiration on leaf surfaces.

Discuss above observations.
Draw graphs to show rates of transpiration on leaf surfaces.
Answer questions.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 18

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Translocation of organic compounds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define translocation.
To describe the structure of phloem tissue.

Q/A: To review photosynthesis.
Discussion and explanations of structure of phloem tissue.
Drawing and labeling phloem tissue.

Chart - phloem tissue.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 17

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Translocation of organic compounds.
Transport in Animals. Open and closed circulatory systems. Open circulatory system in insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define translocation.
To describe the structure of phloem tissue.



To differentiate between open and closed circulatory systems.

To discuss open circulatory system in insects.

Q/A: To review photosynthesis.
Discussion and explanations of structure of phloem tissue.
Drawing and labeling phloem tissue.




Exposition and discussion.

Drawing and labeling diagrams.

Chart - phloem tissue.



Charts- Circulatory systems.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 17
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 18 - 19

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Single and double circulatory systems.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To differentiate between single and double circulatory systems.

Exposition and discussion.
Tracing the path followed by blood from a point and back to the same point.

Chart- Mammalian double circulation system.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 18-20

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

The mammalian heart ? external structure.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the external structure of the heart.

Exposition; Identifying compartments of the heart.

Model of a heart.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 21 - 22

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

The mammalian heart ? external structure.
Internal structure of mammalian heart.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the external structure of the heart.
Draw compartments of the heart and label major parts.

Exposition; Identifying compartments of the heart.
Drawing and labeling a diagram of a mammalian heart.

Model of a heart.
Model of a heart, wallcharts.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 21 - 22
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 22 -23

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Pumping mechanism of the heart.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To differentiate between systolic and diastolic heart movements.

Discussion and Explanations.
Experiment- To investigate pulse rate at the wrist.

Stopwatches.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 23 - 24

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Pulse rate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the origin of pulse.
Explain effect of exercise on pulse rate.

Record number of pulses before and after an exercise.
Brief discussion.

Stopwatches.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 30 - 31

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Structure of arteries. Major arteries.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of arteries.

To identify major arteries in the circulatory system.

Discussion
Drawing and labeling internal structure of an artery.

Chart- cross-section of an artery.
Chart-circulatory system.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 25

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Veins.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of veins.
To explain the need for valves in veins.
To state differences between veins and arteries.

Drawing and labeling diagram of an artery.
Discussion and explanations.

Chart-
cross-sections of major blood vessels in the body.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 27-29

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Capillaries.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of capillaries.
To explain the role of capillaries in transport

Discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 25-26

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Diseases and defects of the circulatory system.
Composition of blood. The plasma.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To discuss various diseases and defects of the circulatory system.
To state the constituents of blood plasma.
To identify functions of plasma.

Discussion of various diseases and defects of the circulatory system.
Suggest methods of prevention and control.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 31 - 32
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 32 - 33

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Composition of blood. The plasma.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the constituents of blood plasma.
To identify functions of plasma.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 32 - 33

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Red blood cells.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the functions of red blood cells.
To explain the functions of haemoglobin in r.b.c.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

Wall charts.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 33 - 34

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

White blood cells.
Platelets.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of white blood cells.
To state functions of white blood cells.
To describe the structure of platelets.
To state functions of platelets.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 34 - 35
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 35

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood clotting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the blood clotting process.

To explain importance of blood clotting.

Exposition of new concepts.
Detailed discussion.

Blood smear, microscope.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 36

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood groups, Antigens and antibodies.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify the four blood groups.
To identify compatible blood groups.

Completing a table of blood groups and the corresponding antigens and antibodies present.

Chart-
blood groups, antigens and antibodies.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood groups, Antigens and antibodies.
Blood transfusion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify the four blood groups.
To identify compatible blood groups.
To define blood transfusion.
To identify compatible blood groups.
To identify the universal donor and universal recipient.

Completing a table of blood groups and the corresponding antigens and antibodies present.
Q/A: Identifying compatible blood groups.
Open discussion.
Completing a table of compatible blood groups.

Chart-
blood groups, antigens and antibodies.

Blood transfusion resource person.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 30 - 31

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

The Rhesus factor.
Lymph.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the Rhesus factor and its significance.

Review blood groups, antigens and antibodies.
Exposition, discussion and explanations.

text book
Chart- the lymphatic system.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 38