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| WK | LSN | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | T/L ACTIVITIES | T/L AIDS | REFERENCE | REMARKS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Principles of classification of living organisms...
Binomial Nomenclature. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain the importance of classification of organisms. Discuss the general principles of classification. Identify major taxonomic units. |
Q/A: To review Classification I.
Discussion of principles of classification of organisms. Q/A: Major taxonomic units. |
Chart- Taxonomic units.
Chart- Examples of generic and specific names of organisms. |
KLB BK III.
PP 1-2. CERTIFICATE PG 1 |
|
| 2 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Animal Kingdoms.
Kingdom Monera.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify the five animal kingdoms. State characteristics of members of kingdom Monera. To identify and draw various bacteria. To explain how bacteria affect our lives. |
Expository approach -The teacher will expose the five kingdoms.
Discussion- General characteristics of unicellular and microscopic organisms. Drawing and labeling a bacterium. Q/A: Economic importance of bacteria. |
Chart- Types of bacteria
|
KLB BK III.P 3. CERTIFICATE PG 4
|
|
| 2 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Protoctista.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom Protoctista. To state general characteristics of members of kingdom Protoctista. |
Teacher leads in a discussion.
|
chart
|
KLB BK III.
PP 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 8 |
|
| 2 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Organisms with varied forms.
Organisms in pond water. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To draw and label an amoeba, paramecium, spirogyra, e.t.c. To identify organisms in pond water. |
Drawing and labelling organisms with varied forms.
Examine a drop of pond water on a glass slide under a microscope. Draw diagrams of organisms observed. Compare the observed organisms with those previously drawn and labelled. |
Wall charts.
Microscope Water dropper Pond water Glass slides. |
KLB BK III. P 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 9
KLB BK III. P. 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 10 |
|
| 3 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Fungi.
Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom fungi. To discuss economic importance of fungi. To state general characteristics of fungi. |
Detailed discussion.
Exposition of new concepts/ terms. |
Mushrooms,
Yeast, Bread mould. |
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 11
|
|
| 3 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Fungi.
Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom fungi. To discuss economic importance of fungi. To state general characteristics of fungi. |
Detailed discussion.
Exposition of new concepts/ terms. |
Mushrooms,
Yeast, Bread mould. |
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 11
|
|
| 3 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Diagrams of Fungi.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To draw and label various fungi. |
Examine bread mould.
Draw and label diagrams of various fngi. |
Wall charts,
Bread mould, Yeast, Edible mushroom. |
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 12
|
|
| 3 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Plantae.
General characteristics.
Division Bryophyta External structure of a Bryophyta. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State general characteristics of plants. State general characteristics of Bryophyta. To draw and label external features of an identified Bryophyta. To identify features of Bryophyta. |
Q/A: Compare plants with the aforementioned kingdoms, and then list down characteristics of plants.
Teacher leads in a discussion. Students examine moss plant under a hand lens, then Draw and label the moss plant. |
Moss plant, Hand lens, Slide. |
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 13
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 14 |
|
| 4 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Division Pteridophyta.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Pteridophytes. To draw and label external features of Pteridophytes. |
Teacher leads in a discussion on characteristics of Pteridophytes.
Class experiments: To observe a live or preserved fern. To draw and label the fern. |
A live or preserved fern.
|
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 15
|
|
| 4 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Division Spermatophyta.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of spermatophytes. |
Teacher leads in a discussion on spermatophytes.
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG 16
|
|
| 4 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Features of Spermatophytes.
Sub-division Gymnospermatophyta. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify features of spermatophytes. |
Class experiments: To examine a complete specimen of a bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress.
|
Complete specimens of bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress.
text book |
KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG16
|
|
| 4 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Subdivision Angiospermaphyta.
Class Monocotyledonae. Class Dicotyledonae. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of angiospermaphyta. To list down characteristics of Monocotyledonae. |
Detailed discussion.
Q/A: Comparing gymnospermatophyta and angiospermaphyta. Class experiments: Examine maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane. Discuss external features of the plants. |
text book
Maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane. Bean plant/ black jack/ tea. |
KLB BK III. P 10. CERTIFICATE PG 16
KLB BK III. P 11. CERTIFICATE PG 17 |
|
| 5 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Animalia.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state characteristics of kingdom Animalia. |
Q/A: To review general characteristics of animals as compared to those of plants.
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 12. CERTIFICATE PG 18
|
|
| 5 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Phyllum Arthropoda.
Class Crustacea. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Arthropoda. |
Q/A: General characteristics of Arthropoda.
|
Specimens of a crab/ crayfish.
|
KLB BK III. P 12. CERTIFICATE PG 19
|
|
| 5 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Chilopoda.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe external features of a centipede. |
Examine a centipede.
Draw and label a centipede. Discuss general characteristics of Chilopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia. |
A centipede.
|
KLB BK III. P 14. CERTIFICATE PG 20
|
|
| 5 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Diplopoda.
Class Arachnida. Class Insecta. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe external features of a milipede. To describe external features of common insects. |
Examine a milipede.
Draw and label a milipede. Discuss general characteristics of diplopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia. Examine live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honeybee, termite, e.t.c. List down general characteristics of insecta. Discuss economic importance of insects. |
A milipede.
Specimens of freshly killed/ preserved arachnids. Live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honey-bee, termite, e.t.c. |
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 20
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 21 |
|
| 6 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Phyllum Chordata.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify general characteristics of chordates. |
Q/A: Identify classes of phylum chordata.
Discussion: characteristics of chordates. |
|
KLB BK III. PP 16-18. CERTIFICATE PG 22
|
|
| 6 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Pisces.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To draw and label external features of a (tilapia) fish. |
Exposition- Teacher exposes new concepts pertaining to characteristics of fish.
|
Chart tilapia fish.
|
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 22
|
|
| 6 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Amphibia.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To compare observable features of a tilapia fish and those of a frog. |
Group experiments- Observing specimens and placing them in their respective classes.
|
Preserved specimens ? fish, amphibians.
|
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 23
|
|
| 6 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Reptilia.
Class Aves. Class Mammalia. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of reptilia. To state general characteristics of Mammalia. |
Q/A: Comparing reptiles and amphibians/ aves
Discussion: General characteristics of reptilia. Q/A: Examples of egg laying mammals, pouched mammals, primates, etc. |
Chart- Diagrams of birds.
Diagrams of various mammals. |
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 24
KLB BK III. P 20. CERTIFICATE PG 25 |
|
| 7 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Dichotomous key.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To explain the rules used in constructing a dichotomous key. |
Teacher exposes features of a dichotomous key.
|
|
KLB BK III. P 23. CERTIFICATE PG 27
|
|
| 7 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Features for identifying animals / plants.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To list identification features for animals/ plants. |
Teacher exposes features for identifying animals/ plants.
|
|
KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG 27
|
|
| 7 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Examples of dichotomous keys.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To construct dichotomous keys using leaves, stems, e.t.c. |
Teacher leads through constructed dichotomous keys.
|
Chart- Constructed dichotomous keys.
|
KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG28
|
|
| 7 | 4-5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
ECOLOGY |
Construction of dichotomous keys.
Concepts of ecology. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To construct a guided dichotomous key of a given number of steps. To use a constructed dichotomous key to identify given specimens. To construct own dichotomous key. To differentiate between autecology and synecology. Define various concepts used in ecology. |
Supervised exercise.
Written exercise. Exercise review. Exposition- Teacher exposes new concepts and explains their underlying meanings. |
Plants from different families.
Different plant species. text book |
KLB BK III. PP 24-30 CERTIFICATE PG30
KLB BK III. P 33 CERTIFICATE PG36 |
|
| 8 |
Mid term break |
|||||||
| 9 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
Abiotic factors in an ecosystem.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe various abiotic factors that affect distribution of organisms. |
Detailed discussion of effect of light, temperature, pressure, wind, humidity, salinity, pH on distribution of organisms.
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 34. CERTIFICATE PG38
|
|
| 9 | 2 |
ECOLOGY
|
Measuring abiotic factors.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To measure abiotic factors that affect distribution of organisms. |
Group activities- Measuring temperature, humidity, pH.
Answering related questions. |
Thermometers
pH meter e.t.c. |
KLB BK III. P 34. CERTIFICATE PG39
|
|
| 9 | 3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Biotic inter-relationships.
- Competition.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To differentiate between intraspecific and interspecific competition. To interpret graphs representing competition between two species. To define an ecological niche and a habitat. |
Teacher exposes new concepts.
Teacher leads in interpreting graphs showing competition. Q/A: Deductions from graphs. |
Chart , graphs.
|
KLB BK III. P 35. CERTIFICATE PG 50
|
|
| 9 | 4-5 |
ECOLOGY
|
- Predation.
- Parasitism. - Symbiosis and Saprophytism. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To define a predator and a prey. To describe adaptive characteristics of various predators. To distinguish parasitism from predation. To differentiate between endoparasites and ectoparasites. To identify adaptive features of parasites. |
Q/A: Pairs of predators and preys.
Discussion: Adaptive characteristics of leopards, hawks, praying mantis, lions, e.t.c Q/A: Pairs of parasites and hosts. Examine specimens of endoparasites and ectoparasites. Discuss economic importance of parasites. |
text book
Specimens of endoparasites and ectoparasites. text book |
KLB BK III. P 37. CERTIFICATE PG 51
KLB BK III. P 37. CERTIFICATE PG 53 |
|
| 10 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
The Nitrogen cycle.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe the nitrogen cycle. Explain importance of micro-organisms in root nodules of plants. |
Discuss flow chart of nitrogen cycle.
|
Chart-Nitrogen cycle.
|
KLB BK III. PP 40-41. CERTIFICATE PG58
|
|
| 10 | 2 |
ECOLOGY
|
Trophic levels.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify various trophic levels occupied by organisms. To describe energy flow in an ecosystem. |
Q/A: To review photosynthesis; carnivores, herbivores,
Discuss trophic levels in an ecosystem. |
Flow chart- Energy flow in an ecosystem.
|
KLB BK III. PP 40-42 CERTIFICATE PG 43
|
|
| 10 | 3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Food chains.
Food webs. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To define a food chain. To give examples of food chains. To identify trophic levels of organism(s) in a food chain. |
Teacher gives an illustration of a food chain; then gives specific examples.
Q/A: Trophic levels of organisms in a food chain. |
chart
charts |
KLB BK III. P 42. CERTIFICATE PG46
|
|
| 10 | 4-5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Ecological pyramids of numbers.
Constructing Pyramid of numbers from given data. Inverted pyramid of numbers. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To represent feeding relationships and energy flow using pyramids of numbers. To construct pyramid of numbers from given data. To interpret constructed pyramid of numbers from given data. |
Q/A: Review trophic levels.
Teacher explains features of pyramid of numbers. Q/A: Identifying trophic levels of organisms. Use given date to construct pyramid of numbers. Supervised Exercise. |
chart
text book Chart- Inverted pyramid of numbers. |
KLB BK III. PP 41-42. CERTIFICATE PG 49
KLB BK III. PP 42-43 CERTIFICATE PG 49 |
|
| 11 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
Pyramid of Biomass.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To define biomass of an organism. To interpret the pyramid of biomass. To construct a biomass from given data. |
Teacher exposes new concepts; then leads in a detailed discussion.
Students construct biomass from given data. |
chart
|
KLB BK III. PP 44-45. CERTIFICATE PG 50
|
|
| 11 | 2 |
ECOLOGY
|
Population.
Quadrat method of estimating population. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe some characteristics of populations. To explain factors affecting population growth rate. |
Q/A: Definition of population.
Discuss population density, dispersion and growth. Q/A: Factors affecting population growth rate; including food availability, space, diseases such as HIV/AIDS, pests, e.t.c. |
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 46. CERTIFICATE PG 60
|
|
| 11 | 3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Quadrat method of estimating population.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To estimate population using quadrat method. |
Students? outdoor activity- Estimating population using standard quadrats.
|
Standard quadrats.
|
KLB BK III. PP
46-47. CERTIFICATE PG 62 |
|
| 11 | 4-5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Line - transect method of estimating population.
Belt transect method of estimating population. Capture-recapture method. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe the line transect method of population. To suggest limitations of line transect method of population. To describe capture-recapture method of estimating population. To suggest limitations of capture-recapture method. To estimate population size using capture-recapture method. |
Teacher explains procedure of line transect method of population.
Q/A: Students suggest limitations of line transect method of population. Detailed discussion and explanations. Q/A: Assumptions made in this method, limitations of the method. Worked examples. |
text book
Tape measure, quadrats, pegs, thermometer, pH indicator, e.t.c specimen |
KLB BK III.
PP 47-48. CERTIFICATE PG 63 KLB BK III. PP 48-49. CERTIFICATE PG 61 |
|
| 12 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
Xerophytes.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state characteristics of dry habitats. To identify adaptations of xerophytes to their habitats. |
Q/A: Characteristics of dry habitats.
Discussion: Adaptations of xerophytes to dry habitats. |
Specimens of xerophytes.
|
KLB BK III. P 50. CERTIFICATE PG 64
|
|
| 12 | 2 |
ECOLOGY
|
Mesophytes.
Hydrophytes. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state characteristics of habitats of mesophytes. To explain adaptations of mesophytes to their habitats. |
Q/A: Characteristics of habitats where mesophytes thrive.
Discussion: Adaptations of mesophytes to their habitats. |
Specimens of mesophytes.
Specimens of hydrophytes. |
KLB BK III. P 51. CERTIFICATE PG 69
|
|
| 12 | 3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Halophytes.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state characteristics of habitats of halophytes. To explain adaptations of halophytes to their habitats. |
Q/A: Characteristics of dry habitats.
Discussion: Adaptations of dry habitats. |
Specimens of halophytes.
|
KLB BK III. P 52. CERTIFICATE PG 68
|
|
| 12 | 4-5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Halophytes.
Adaptive features of plants. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state characteristics of habitats of halophytes. To explain adaptations of halophytes to their habitats. |
Q/A: Characteristics of dry habitats.
Discussion: Adaptations of dry habitats. Group experiments- Students examine given specimens and suggest their habitats. Identify adaptive features. |
Specimens of halophytes.
Xerophytes Mesophytes Hydrophytes Hand lenses. |
KLB BK III. P 52. CERTIFICATE PG 68
KLB BK III. P 50. CERTIFICATE PG 69 |
|
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