FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Introduction. Trading Period.
Gross Profit or Loss.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Give examples of financial statements.
Explain the concept of a trading period of a business.

Determine the gross profit or loss of a business.

Brainstorming, Q/A & Explanations.
Go through worked examples using various approaches.
Supervised practice;
Group assignments.

text book
charts

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 54
New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 55-57

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Trading Account.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term trading account.

Illustrate trading accounts with worked examples.

Q/A to review the process of obtaining gross profit or loss.
Worked examples.
Supervised practice.
Assignment.

text book

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 57-60

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Net Profit or Loss.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the terms net profit net loss.
Determine net profit or loss.

Brief discussion on distinction between gross and net profit / loss;
Worked examples;
Supervised practice;
Written exercise.

chart

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 60-62

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Profit or loss account.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Prepare profit or loss accounts.

Detailed discussion;
Worked examples;
Supervised practice;
Written exercise.

text book

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 62-67

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Profit or loss account.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Prepare profit or loss accounts.

Detailed discussion;
Worked examples;
Supervised practice;
Written exercise.

text book

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 62-67

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Profit and loss account from a trial balance.
The Balance Sheet.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Prepare profit or loss accounts from a trial balance.

Prepare a balance sheet after making adjustments on capital for specific items.

Supervised practice;
Written exercise.

Exposition of adjustments made on capital for net profit, drawings and additional capital.
Worked examples and Exercises.

magazines,charts

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV.  pg 62-67
New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 67-68

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Balance Sheet from a trial balance.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Prepare a balance sheet from a trial balance.

Q/A to review a trial balance;
Worked examples.

text book

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 67-68

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Types of Capital.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline types of capital.

Probing questions;
Teacher?s explanations.

text book

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 68

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Types of capital in a balance sheet.
Basic financial ratios: - Mark-up.
- Margin.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Illustrate types of capital with balance sheet.
Define the term margin.
Explain why margin is important in a business.
Determine business margin.

Illustrative examples.

Written exercise.
Exposition of new concept;
Worked examples;
Written exercise.

text book
chart,text book

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 69-70
New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 71-72

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Using mark-up or margin to prepare a trading account.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Work out the mark-up given the margin and vice-versa.

Guided discovery on the relationship.
Illustrative examples.

text book

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg.72-74

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Current ratio or Working capital ratio.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term current ratio or working capital ratio.
Explain importance of current ratio.
Calculate current ratio given various balances.

Exposition & Worked examples;
Discussion.

text book,chart

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 75-76

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Rate of stock turnover.
Stock turn-over and trading account.
Return on Capital.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the terms turn over and rate of stock turn over.
Calculate the rate of stock turn over.
Prepare the trading account given the rate of stock turn-over.

Exposition, Worked examples & numericals
Discussion: implications of rate of stock turnover on a business.

Illustrative examples & supervised practice.

chart
text book
chart, text book

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 76-78
New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 78

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Acid test or quick ratio.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine the quick ratio given current assets, stock and current liabilities.

Exposition of new concepts;
Simple calculations.

Business Magazines.

New Inventor K.L.B. BK IV. Pg. 79-80

INFLATION

Introduction Consumer Price index

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the terms inflation and deflation.
Define the term CPI.
Compute CPI.

Guided discussion and computations.

Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines.

145-6

INFLATION

Simple and weighted price relatives.
Types of inflation. Causes of demand- pull inflation.
Causes of cost- pull inflation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compute the price index using simple average of price relatives.
Compute the price index using the weighted average method.

outline types of inflation.



Explain the term demand-pull inflation.
Explain causes of demand ?pull inflation.

Guided computations.

Supervised practice.
Teacher exposes new concepts related to inflation types.

Expository and descriptive approaches.

Price relative tables.
Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines.

Pg. 147
Pg. 147-8


Pg. 149-150

INFLATION

Levels of inflation & Effects of inflation on the economy of a country.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight various levels of inflation.
Outline positive and negative effects of inflation.

Probing questions;
Discussion..

Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines.

Pg. 152-3,

154-6

INFLATION
INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Controlling inflation.
Types of International Trade. Advantages and disadvantages of International Trade.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify some policies adopted by the govt to reduce or control inflation.

Discussion on: control of money supply, control of demand, cost control.

Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines.

Pg. 156-8

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Terms of International Trade.
Terms of trade among different countries.
Balance of Payments. (Current A/C)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the concept terms of International Trade.
Distinguish favourable trade from unfavourable terms of trade.

Define the term balance of payments.
Analyse components of balance of payments.
(Current A/C).

Probing questions, brief discussion.
Exposition of new concepts and detailed discussion.

text book
newspaper

Pg. 164-6
Pg. Pg. 168-9

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Balance of Payments. (Capital A/C)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite examples of transactions that affect the Capital A/C.

Q/A: review types of capital.
Exposition of new concepts and detailed discussion.

newspaper

Pg. 169-170

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Overall Balance of Payments.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine the overall balance of payments.

Q/A: review current A/C and capital A/C.
Illustrative examples.
Assignment.

newspaper

Pg. 170

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

The Official Settlement A/C.
Disequilibrium of Balance of payments. Correction of balance of payment disequilibrium.
Terms of sale in international trade.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the Official Settlement A/C.
Identify common terms of sale in international trade.

Guided brief discussion.
Exposition & explanations;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

text book

Pg. 171
Pg. 175

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Documents used in international trade.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major documents used in international trade.

Give examples of relevant documents.
Give examples of relevant documents.

text book

Pg. 176-7

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

IMF, ADF and World bank.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State objectives of IMF, ADF and World bank..
Trace a background to the growth of specific
development funds.

Brain storming;
Discussion.

Newspaper cuttings & relevant magazines.

Pg. 179-180

ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

Forms & importance of economic integration.
Trade restrictions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define economic integration.
Identify forms of economic integration.
Outline forms of economic integration.
Analyze importance of economic integration.
Enumerate advantages and disadvantages of free trade.
Cite reasons for trade restrictions.
Outline methods of trade restriction.

Q/A review relevant terms.
Probing questions
& guided discussion.
Q/A & guided discovery.

newspaper

Pg. 182-5
Pg. 185-7

ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

Methods of trade restrictions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight some methods used to control trade restrictions.

Q/A & exposition.

text book

Pg 186-7

ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

Advantages and disadvantages of trade restrictions.
Trends in international trade.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of trade restrictions.

Exposition of new concepts.

text book

Pg 187-8

ECONOMIC DEVP AND PLANNING

Growth and development.
Underdevelopment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define economic growth of a country.
Identify structural changes that may accompany economic development.

Identify characteristics of under - development

Guided discussion & oral questions.
Brainstorming, questioning & discussion.

newspaper
text book

Pg 195-6
Pg 197-199

ECONOMIC DEVP AND PLANNING

Factors for underdevelopment.
Development planning.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight some factors that impede development.

Q/A guided discussion.

text book

Pg. 200-2

ECONOMIC DEVP AND PLANNING

Problems encountered in development planning.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State problems encountered in development planning.

Probing questions /guided discussion.
Quiz.

text book

Pg. 204-6