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Biology
Form 2 2025
TERM II
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
2 1
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Structure of arteries. Major arteries.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of arteries.

To identify major arteries in the circulatory system.
Discussion
Drawing and labeling internal structure of an artery.
Chart- cross-section of an artery.
Chart-circulatory system.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 25
2 2
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Veins.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of veins.
To explain the need for valves in veins.
To state differences between veins and arteries.
Drawing and labeling diagram of an artery.
Discussion and explanations.

Chart-
cross-sections of major blood vessels in the body.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 27-29
2 3
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Capillaries.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of capillaries.
To explain the role of capillaries in transport
Discussion and explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 25-26
2 4
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Capillaries.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of capillaries.
To explain the role of capillaries in transport
Discussion and explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 25-26
3 1
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Diseases and defects of the circulatory system.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To discuss various diseases and defects of the circulatory system.
Discussion of various diseases and defects of the circulatory system.
Suggest methods of prevention and control.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 31 - 32
3 2
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Composition of blood. The plasma.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the constituents of blood plasma.
To identify functions of plasma.
Detailed discussion and explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 32 - 33
3 3
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Red blood cells.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the functions of red blood cells.
To explain the functions of haemoglobin in r.b.c.
Detailed discussion and explanations.
Wall charts.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 33 - 34
3 4
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
White blood cells.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of white blood cells.
To state functions of white blood cells.
Detailed discussion and explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 34 - 35
4 1
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Platelets.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of platelets.
To state functions of platelets.
Detailed discussion and explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 35
4 2
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Platelets.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of platelets.
To state functions of platelets.
Detailed discussion and explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 35
4 3
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Blood clotting.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the blood clotting process.

To explain importance of blood clotting.
Exposition of new concepts.
Detailed discussion.
Blood smear, microscope.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 36
4 4
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Blood groups, Antigens and antibodies.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify the four blood groups.
To identify compatible blood groups.
Completing a table of blood groups and the corresponding antigens and antibodies present.
Chart-
blood groups, antigens and antibodies.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages
5 1
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Blood transfusion.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define blood transfusion.
To identify compatible blood groups.
To identify the universal donor and universal recipient.
Q/A: Identifying compatible blood groups.
Open discussion.
Completing a table of compatible blood groups.
Blood transfusion resource person.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 30 - 31
5 2
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The Rhesus factor.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the Rhesus factor and its significance.
Review blood groups, antigens and antibodies.
Exposition, discussion and explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 38
5 3
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Lymph.
Immune responses.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe formation and functions of lymph.
Exposition, discussion and explanations.
Chart- the lymphatic system.
Chart- Diseases that children are immunized against;
Resource person.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 38 - 40
5 4
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Allergic reactions.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define an allergic reaction.
To identify ways in which allergy presents itself.
To explain cause of allergic reactions.
Q/A: Manifestations of allergy.

Exposition and brief explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 43
6 1
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Organ transplant.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify organs that are normally transplanted.
Q/A: Organs transplanted.

Superficial discussion.

Topic review.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 43
6 2
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Introduction. Gaseous exchange in plants.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


To explain importance of gaseous exchange.

To describe gaseous exchange in plants.


Discussion
Explanations

Q/A: Products of respiration.
Detailed discussion.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 48
6 3
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Release of CO2 by plants.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment to show release of CO2 by plants.
Class experiments including control experiments.

Explain the observations made.
Bicarbonate indicator, boiling tubes, Aluminum foil.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 49
6 4
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Release of O2 by plants.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment to show release of O2 by plants.
Teacher demonstration: Test for the gas evolved.
Discuss observations.
Gas jar,
Glass funnel,
Water plant,
Beaker.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 49
7 1
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Stomata.
Opening & closing of stomata.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure and explain the functions of stomata.
Detailed discussion.
Drawing diagrams.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 51
7 2
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Stomata and habitats of plants.
Lenticels.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To relate plant habitats and the no. of stomata.
To explain the variation between number of stomata on the upper and lower face.
Observe number of stomata of prepared slides of hydrophytes and xerophytes.

Discuss the observations.
Prepared slides of hydrophytes and xerophytes.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 51
7 3
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Respiratory surfaces in animals.
Gaseous exchange in protozoa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define a respiratory surface.
To state characteristics of respiratory surfaces.
To identify the environment or medium of operation of respiratory surfaces.
Teacher exposes meaning of a respiratory surface.
Discuss at length, giving examples of organisms that have a given respiratory surface.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 53
7 4
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Gaseous exchange in insects.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in insects
Drawing tracheal system of a grasshopper.
Discuss at length the structure of the tracheal system.
Detailed discussion.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 53, 54
8 1
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Breathing in insects.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the breathing mechanism in an insect.
Observe breathing movements of live specimens of grasshoppers, locusts or cockroaches.
Live specimens of insects,
Hand lenses,
Boiling tubes.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 56
8 2
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Number, position and shape of spiracles of insects.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To give an account of the number, position and shape of spiracles of insects.
Drawing the abdomen and showing the position and shape of spiracles, and giving reasons thereof.
Live specimens of insects.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 56
8 3
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Gaseous exchange in a bony fish.
Gaseous exchange in amphibians.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of gills of a bony fish.
To explain how a gill is adapted to function as a respiratory surface.
To explain the mechanism of gaseous exchange in gills.
Drawing and labeling a gill of a fish; stating the function of each part; and stating how it is adapted to its functions.
Detailed discussion.
A gill of a fish.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 56-57
8 4
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Gaseous exchange in mammals.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down parts of the tracheal system in man.
To describe the function of the parts of a system respiratory.
Discuss at length man?s respiratory system.
Wall chart- Respiratory system in man.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 59
9 1
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
The structure of the lungs.
Inhalation.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain adaptations of the lungs to their functions.
Drawing labeled diagrams coupled with explanations.
Wall charts- Structure of lungs.
Chart / model of a rib cage.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 60-1
9 2
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Exhalation.
Thoracic cavity model.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the process of exhalation in man.
Showing movements of ribs during exhalation.
Explain the exhalation mechanism.
Chart / model of a rib cage.
Thoracic cavity model.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 61-62
9 3
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Gaseous exchange in an alveolus.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe gaseous exchange in an alveolus.
To explain regulation of breathing in man.
Discussion and explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 64
9 4
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Rate of breathing in man.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state and explain briefly factors affecting the rate of inhalation / exhalation processes.
Discussion and explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 63
10 1
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Intercostal muscles.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the function of intercostal muscles during the breathing system.
Detailed discussion.
Counting number of inhalations before and after an exercise blow.

Lime water, rib cage model.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 66
10 2
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
Inhaled and exhaled air.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To test for CO2 in the air we inhale/ exhale.
Observe colour changes of lime water, and make deductions.
Brief discussion.
Lime water.
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 67
10 3
GASEOUS EXCHANGE
RESPIRATION
Diseases of the respiratory system.
Introduction ? Definition and importance of respiration.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the causes, symptoms and prevention of respiratory diseases.
Discuss cause, symptoms and prevention of whooping cough TB, bronchitis, etc.
Resource person.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 67-70
10 4
RESPIRATION
Burning food.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment investigating the gas given off when food is burnt.
Teacher demonstration: Burning a food sample.
Testing for the gas evolved during combustion.
text book
K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 73-74
11 1
RESPIRATION
The mitochondrion.
Aerobic respiration.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state functions of mitochondrion in respiration.
Drawing structure of the mitochondrion.
Explain function of the mitochondrion.
Wall charts- The mitochond-rion
text book
K.L.B. BK 2
P. 74
11 2
RESPIRATION
Anaerobic respiration.
Oxygen ?debt?.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe anaerobic respiration.
Observe set up experiments.
Detailed discussion punctuated with probing questions:
Glucose
Yeast
Thermometer
text book
K.L.B. BK 2
P.77
11 3
RESPIRATION
Applications of anaerobic respiration.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain applications of anaerobic respiration.
Q/A: Products of fermentation process.
Listing down various applications of anaerobic respiration.
text book
K.L.B. BK 2
P. 79
11 4
RESPIRATION
Respiratory substrates & respiratory quotient.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify respiratory substrates in the body.
To define respiratory quotient.
To calculate R.Q.
Brief discussion/ explanations.

Exposition of definition and its significance.
Problem solving.
text book
K.L.B. BK 2
P. 79
12 1
RESPIRATION
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
Rate of respiration.
Introduction- Definition and importance of homeostasis and excretion.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state and explain factors affecting rate of respiration.
Detailed discussion and explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 80-81
12 2
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
Excretion in plants.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name plants excretory products.
To state uses of excretory products of plants.
Probing questions.
Exposition of new terms.
Discuss uses and abuses of plant excretory products.
Some plants excretory products.
K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 83-84
12 3
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
Excretion and homeostasis in unicellular organisms.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe excretion and homeostasis in an amoeba and a paramecium.
Q/A: Review diffusion, structure of an amoeba.
Discuss excretion and homeostasis in an amoeba and a paramecium.
text book
K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 84-85
12 4
EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS
Excretion and homeostasis in animals.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify excretory organs in various animals.
Exposition and discussion.
Observe drawings of various animals showing excretory organs.
Specimens of platyhelmin-thes, annelida, insects.
K.L.B. BK 2
P. 85

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