TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Red blood cells.
White blood cells.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the functions of red blood cells.
To explain the functions of haemoglobin in r.b.c.


To describe the structure of white blood cells.
To state functions of white blood cells.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

Wall charts.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 33 - 34
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 34 - 35

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

White blood cells.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of white blood cells.
To state functions of white blood cells.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 34 - 35

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Platelets.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of platelets.
To state functions of platelets.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 35

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood clotting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the blood clotting process.

To explain importance of blood clotting.

Exposition of new concepts.
Detailed discussion.

Blood smear, microscope.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 36

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood groups, Antigens and antibodies.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify the four blood groups.
To identify compatible blood groups.

Completing a table of blood groups and the corresponding antigens and antibodies present.

Chart-
blood groups, antigens and antibodies.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood transfusion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define blood transfusion.
To identify compatible blood groups.
To identify the universal donor and universal recipient.

Q/A: Identifying compatible blood groups.
Open discussion.
Completing a table of compatible blood groups.

Blood transfusion resource person.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 30 - 31

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

The Rhesus factor.
Lymph.
Immune responses.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the Rhesus factor and its significance.
To describe formation and functions of lymph.

Review blood groups, antigens and antibodies.
Exposition, discussion and explanations.

text book
Chart- the lymphatic system.
Chart- Diseases that children are immunized against;
Resource person.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 38
K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 38 - 40

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Allergic reactions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define an allergic reaction.
To identify ways in which allergy presents itself.
To explain cause of allergic reactions.

Q/A: Manifestations of allergy.

Exposition and brief explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 43

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Organ transplant.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify organs that are normally transplanted.

Q/A: Organs transplanted.

Superficial discussion.

Topic review.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 43

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Introduction. Gaseous exchange in plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


To explain importance of gaseous exchange.

To describe gaseous exchange in plants.

Discussion
Explanations

Q/A: Products of respiration.
Detailed discussion.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 48

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Release of CO2 by plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment to show release of CO2 by plants.

Class experiments including control experiments.

Explain the observations made.

Bicarbonate indicator, boiling tubes, Aluminum foil.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 49

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Release of O2 by plants.
Stomata.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment to show release of O2 by plants.

Teacher demonstration: Test for the gas evolved.
Discuss observations.

Gas jar,
Glass funnel,
Water plant,
Beaker.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 49

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Opening & closing of stomata.
Stomata and habitats of plants.
Lenticels.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe and explain the mechanism of opening & closing of stomata.


To describe and explain the mechanism of lenticels.

Detailed discussion.

text book
Prepared slides of hydrophytes and xerophytes.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 51
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 52

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Respiratory surfaces in animals.
Gaseous exchange in protozoa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define a respiratory surface.
To state characteristics of respiratory surfaces.
To identify the environment or medium of operation of respiratory surfaces.

Teacher exposes meaning of a respiratory surface.
Discuss at length, giving examples of organisms that have a given respiratory surface.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 53

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in insects

Drawing tracheal system of a grasshopper.
Discuss at length the structure of the tracheal system.
Detailed discussion.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 53, 54

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in insects.
Breathing in insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in insects
To describe the breathing mechanism in an insect.

Drawing tracheal system of a grasshopper.
Discuss at length the structure of the tracheal system.
Detailed discussion.

Observe breathing movements of live specimens of grasshoppers, locusts or cockroaches.

text book
Live specimens of insects,
Hand lenses,
Boiling tubes.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 53, 54
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 56

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Number, position and shape of spiracles of insects.
Gaseous exchange in a bony fish.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To give an account of the number, position and shape of spiracles of insects.

Drawing the abdomen and showing the position and shape of spiracles, and giving reasons thereof.

Live specimens of insects.

A gill of a fish.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 56

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in amphibians.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the mechanism of gaseous exchange in a frog.

Q/A: Various methods of gaseous exchange in a frog.
Discuss gaseous exchange through the mouth, lungs and skin of a frog.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 58

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in mammals.
The structure of the lungs.
Inhalation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down parts of the tracheal system in man.
To describe the function of the parts of a system respiratory.


To explain adaptations of the lungs to their functions.

Discuss at length man?s respiratory system.
Drawing labeled diagrams coupled with explanations.

Wall chart- Respiratory system in man.
Wall charts- Structure of lungs.
Chart / model of a rib cage.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 59
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 60-1

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Exhalation.
Thoracic cavity model.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the process of exhalation in man.

Showing movements of ribs during exhalation.
Explain the exhalation mechanism.

Chart / model of a rib cage.
Thoracic cavity model.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 61-62

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in an alveolus.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe gaseous exchange in an alveolus.
To explain regulation of breathing in man.

Discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 64

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Rate of breathing in man.
Intercostal muscles.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state and explain briefly factors affecting the rate of inhalation / exhalation processes.


To explain the function of intercostal muscles during the breathing system.

Discussion and explanations.
Detailed discussion.
Counting number of inhalations before and after an exercise blow.

text book

Lime water, rib cage model.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 63
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 66

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Inhaled and exhaled air.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To test for CO2 in the air we inhale/ exhale.

Observe colour changes of lime water, and make deductions.
Brief discussion.

Lime water.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 67

GASEOUS EXCHANGE
RESPIRATION

Diseases of the respiratory system.
Introduction ? Definition and importance of respiration.
Burning food.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the causes, symptoms and prevention of respiratory diseases.
To describe an experiment investigating the gas given off when food is burnt.

Discuss cause, symptoms and prevention of whooping cough TB, bronchitis, etc.
Teacher demonstration: Burning a food sample.
Testing for the gas evolved during combustion.

Resource person.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 67-70
K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 73-74

RESPIRATION

The mitochondrion.
Aerobic respiration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state functions of mitochondrion in respiration.

Drawing structure of the mitochondrion.
Explain function of the mitochondrion.

Wall charts- The mitochond-rion
text book

K.L.B. BK 2
P. 74

RESPIRATION

Anaerobic respiration.
Oxygen ?debt?.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe anaerobic respiration.

Observe set up experiments.
Detailed discussion punctuated with probing questions:

Glucose
Yeast
Thermometer
text book

K.L.B. BK 2
P.77

RESPIRATION

Applications of anaerobic respiration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain applications of anaerobic respiration.

Q/A: Products of fermentation process.
Listing down various applications of anaerobic respiration.

text book

K.L.B. BK 2
P. 79

RESPIRATION

Applications of anaerobic respiration.
Respiratory substrates & respiratory quotient.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain applications of anaerobic respiration.
To identify respiratory substrates in the body.
To define respiratory quotient.
To calculate R.Q.

Q/A: Products of fermentation process.
Listing down various applications of anaerobic respiration.

Brief discussion/ explanations.

Exposition of definition and its significance.
Problem solving.

text book

K.L.B. BK 2
P. 79

RESPIRATION

Rate of respiration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state and explain factors affecting rate of respiration.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 80-81

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Introduction- Definition and importance of homeostasis and excretion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


To define homeostasis and excretion.
To explain necessity of excretion in plants and animals.

Q/A: Definitions of digestion, ingestion and egestion, secretion and excretion.

Discuss importance of excretion in plants and animals.

text book

K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 83-84

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Excretion in plants.
Excretion and homeostasis in unicellular organisms.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name plants excretory products.
To state uses of excretory products of plants.

Describe excretion and homeostasis in an amoeba and a paramecium.

Probing questions.
Exposition of new terms.
Discuss uses and abuses of plant excretory products.
Q/A: Review diffusion, structure of an amoeba.
Discuss excretion and homeostasis in an amoeba and a paramecium.

Some plants excretory products.
text book

K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 83-84
K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 84-85

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Excretion and homeostasis in animals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify excretory organs in various animals.

Exposition and discussion.
Observe drawings of various animals showing excretory organs.

Specimens of platyhelmin-thes, annelida, insects.

K.L.B. BK 2
P. 85