MINING

Occurrence of rocks.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe occurrence of minerals in various forms.

Exposition and descriptive approaches.

KLB BK I
Pg 110-111

MINING

Exploitation of minerals.
Methods of mining.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors affecting exploitation of minerals.
Describe various methods of mining.

Probing questions & brief discussion.
Exposition of new concepts.
Brief discussion.

student book
local environment

KLB BK I
Pg 111-2

MINING

Methods of mining. (ontd)
Types of minerals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe various methods of mining.
Give examples of metallic, non-metallic and energy minerals.

Exposition of new concepts.
Brief discussion.

pictures
student book

KLB BK I
Pg 113-4

MINING

Distribution of minerals in East Africa.
Significance of minerals in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Locate major mineral sites on the map of East Africa.
Outline ways in which Kenya has benefited from exploitation of minerals.

Draw the map of East Africa and locate major mineral sites.
Probing questions & brief discussion.

Map of East Africa showing distribution of minerals.
student book

KLB BK I
Pg 116-7

MINING

Problems of mining in Kenya.
Effects of mining on the environment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify problems facing mining industry in Kenya.
Explain adverse effects of mining on the environment.

Q/A & brief discussion.
Q/A & brief open discussion

local environment

KLB BK I
Pg 118

MINING

Trona on Lake Magadi.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the occurrence, exploitation and processing of trona on Lake Magadi.

Exposition & descriptive approaches.

Assignment.

Kenyan map

KLB BK I
Pg 120

MINING

Diamond in South Africa.
Gold in South Africa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe distribution and exploitation of gold and diamond in South Africa.
Highlight problems encountered during exploitation of gold in South Africa.

Exposition & descriptive approaches.
Exposition;
Brief discussion.

global map, student book

KLB BK I
Pg 121

MINING

Petroleum in the Middle East. -Iraq & Iran

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe oil distribution and exploitation of petroleum in the middle East.

Exposition & descriptive approaches.

Assignment.

global map, student book

KLB BK I
Pg 125

MINING

Petroleum in the Middle East. -Kuwait & Saudi Arabia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe oil distribution and exploitation of petroleum in the middle East.

Exposition & descriptive approaches.

Assignment.

global map, student book

KLB BK I
Pg 126

MINING
INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Problems facing petroleum industry.
Earth movements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight major problems facing petroleum industry.
Differentiate between internal and external land forming processes.
Differentiate between crustal compressional and tensional forces.
Explain effects of horizontal earth movements.

Probing questions.
Brief discussion on compression, tension, upwarping, downwarping, and shearing of crustal rocks.
Drawing illustrative diagrams.

global map, student book

KLB BK I
Pg 127

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Causes of earth movements.
Results of earth movements.
Theory of Continental Drift.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe causes of earth movements.
Identify landforms resulting from earth movements.
Explain the theory of Continental Drift.

Exposition of new concepts.
Discussion & drawing of illustrative diagrams.
Exposition of new concepts;
Discussion of evidence to support the theory.

Illustrative diagrams.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES
2-3

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

The Plates Tectonic Theory.
Folding.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the Plates Tectonic Theory.
Define folding.
Explain the causes of folding.
Identify parts of a fold.

Exposition of the theory & discussion on evidence of the theory.
Drawing diagrams showing meeting of tectonic plates.
Q/A: review vertical earth movements.
Discussion & drawing illustrative diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES
5-6

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Types of folds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify types of folds.
Describe various folding processes.

Exposition of types of folds and resulting landforms.

Illustrative diagrams.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES
9-11

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Features resulting from folding.
Significance of folding.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe landforms resulting from folding.
Outline effects of folding.

Discussion & drawing labelled diagrams of landforms.
Q/A & discussion on effects of folding.
Assignment.

Illustrative diagrams.
Map: World distribution of fold mountains.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Faulting.
Types of faults.
Features resulting from faulting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define faulting.
Identify parts associated with a fault.
Identify types of faults.
Describe landforms resulting from faulting.

Q/A: review horizontal and vertical earth movements.
Discussion on parts associated with a fault.
Probing questions and detailed discussion.
Discussion &
Drawing illustrative diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES
13-14

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

The Great Rift Valley.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Trace the Great Rift Valley on a map.
Describe parts of the Great Rift Valley.

Case study.
The Afro-Arabian rift system.

Map: The Afro-Arabian rift system.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGE 21

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

The Gregory Rift Valley.
Significance of faulting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Trace the Gregory Rift Valley on a map.
Describe the parts of the Gregory Rift Valley.
Explain ways in which faulting is significant.
Explain effects of faulting on the physical environment.

Case study.
The Gregory rift system.
Probing questions.
Detailed discussion.
Assignment.

Map / chart: Kenyan?s rift system and the associated highlands.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES 21-22

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Vulcanicity and Earthquakes. Definitions associated with vulcanicity and volcanicity.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Differentiate between vulcanicity and volcanicity.
Differentiate between intrusive and extrusive features.

Exposition of new concepts & brief discussion.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES 24-25

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Intrusive features.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify various intrusive features.
Explain formation of various intrusive features.
Illustrate intrusive features with labelled diagrams.

Exposition of new concepts.
Probing questions.
Drawing illustrative diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES 32-34

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Extrusive features.
Types of volcanoes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify various extrusive volcanic features.
Illustrate extrusive volcanic features with labelled diagrams.
State the three types of volcanoes.

Give examples of extrusive features in Africa. Discussion.
Assignment.
Q/A & discussion on types of volcanoes.
Assignment: table showing types and examples of volcanoes in the World.

Pictures in various textbooks.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES 25-27

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Distribution of volcanoes and volcanic features.
Positive influences of vulcanicity.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify volcanic regions in Kenya and in Africa.
Explain ways in which vulcanicity is beneficial to man.

Drawing map of Kenya & Africa and showing the distribution of volcanoes and volcanic features.
Q/A and detailed discussion.

Maps: Volcanic regions in Kenya, Africa and in the World.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES 30-35

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Negative influences of vulcanicity.
Earthquakes. Definitions associated with earthquakes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight negative influences of vulcanicity.
Give definitions associated with earthquakes.

Q/A, detailed discussion and assignment.
Q/A definition of earthquake, shockwaves.
Exposition of new terms:
Seismology, epicentre, focus, tsunamis, tremors.
Drawing relevant diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGE 36

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES

Causes of earthquakes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe human and natural causes of earthquakes.

Q/A to review tectonic movements, vulcanicity.
Probing questions leading to causes of earthquakes.
Q/A: human activities that may cause tremors.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES
37-38

INTERNAL LAND-FORMING PROCESSES
MAP WORK

Types of earthquakes and waves. Measurement of earthquakes.
Effects of earthquakes.
Direction and Bearing. Methods of showing direction.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe primary and secondary seismic waves.
Identify scales used to determine the intensity and magnitude of an earthquake.
Outline effects of earthquakes & tremors.
Distinguish between direction and bearing.
Outline some traditional and modern methods of showing direction.

Brief discussion: primary and secondary waves.
Exposition of basic terms:
Mercalli scale and Richter scale.
Open discussion.
Q/A and brief discussion.

Newspaper extracts on intensity and magnitude of earthquakes.
Newspaper cuttings outlining effects of earthquakes.

KLB
GEOGRAPHY
BOOK PAGES 38-39