WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Chemical weed control.
Selectivity and effectiveness of herbicides.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ways in which chemicals affect crops.
Classify herbicides.
Outline factors affecting selectivity and effectiveness of herbicides.

Expository and descriptive approaches.

Common herbicides.

KLB BK III
Pgs 203-4

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Herbicides and the environment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight precautions observed when handling herbicides.
Discuss effects of herbicides on the environment.

Brain storming;
Brief discussion.

herbicides

KLB BK III
Pgs 208-9

WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL

Mechanical weed control.
Cultural biological & legislative methods of weed control.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages of tillage as a method of weed eradication.
Identify some cultural and biological ways of controlling weeds.
Define legislative method of weed control.

Brain storming;
Brief discussion.
Q/A & brief discussion.

KLB BK III
Pgs 209-210

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Effects of crop pests. Classification of pests.
Field insect pests.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State harmful effects of crop pests.
Outline criteria for classifying pests.
Identify common field insect pests.

Brain storming;
Exposition of new concepts.
Examining some insect pests.
Identifying parts of crops attacked.

diagrams of pests
Picture Common field insect pests,
Infested crops.

KLB BK III
Pgs 213-214

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Piercing and sucking pests.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify common piercing and sucking pests.

Examining some piercing and sucking pests.
Identifying parts of crops attacked.

Pictures Common Piercing and sucking pests.
Infested crops.

KLB BK III
Pgs 218-221

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Other field pests.
Storage pests.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe harmful effects caused by nematodes, mites, rodents and birds.
Identify common storage pests.

Brain storming;
Brief discussion.
Examining storage pests.
Identifying parts of crops attacked.

damaged crops by pests Pictures
Storage pests, infested cereals Pictures

KLB BK III
Pgs 221-223

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Crop pest control.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline methods for controlling pests.

Brain storming;
Brief discussion.

KLB BK III
Pgs 226-230

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Pesticides.
Biological pest control. Effects of diseases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline criteria for classifying pesticides.
Highlight factors affecting effectiveness of a pesticide. State advantages of using pesticides.
State advantages of using biological pest control.
Identify effects of crop diseases.

Exposition, detailed discussion.
Brain storming;
Exposition;
Brief discussion.

common pesticides
Crop parts infected with diseases.

KLB BK III
Pgs 230-232

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Fungal diseases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight harmful effects of diseases.
Identify some fungal diseases.

Expository and descriptive approaches.

Crops affected by fungal diseases.

KLB BK III
Pgs 234-237

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Viral diseases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify some viral diseases.

Expository and descriptive approaches.

Crops affected by viral diseases.

KLB BK III
Pg 237

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES

Bacterial diseases. Nutritional disorders.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify some bacterial diseases.
Identify nutritional disorders of crops.

Expository and descriptive approaches.
Q/A to review nutritional disorders of crops.

Crops affected by bacterial diseases.

KLB BK III
Pg 238-239

CROP PESTS AND DISEASES
POULTRY

Control of crop diseases.
Composition of an egg.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight methods of controlling crop diseases.
Identify parts of an egg.
Describe the parts of an egg.

Brain storming;
Brief discussion,
Answer review questions.
Drawing and labeling an egg.
Breaking an egg to examine its internal structure.

Eggs,
Chart ? parts of an egg.

KLB BK III
Pg 239-240

POULTRY

Incubation of eggs.
Egg candling.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term incubation of eggs.
State characteristics of eggs for incubation.
Describe candling of eggs.

Q/A and discussion.
Practical activity. Observing internal structure of an egg.
Make deductions from the observations.

eggs
Cardboard boxes,
Torch, eggs.

KLB BK IV
Pg 3-4
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 2

POULTRY

Natural incubation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State merits & demerits of natural incubation.
Identify management practices of an incubator.

Q/A & discussion.
Exposition, discussion & oral questions.

Nesting box.

KLB BK IV
Pg 5-6

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 3-4

POULTRY

Artificial incubation.
Management of an incubator. Merits & demerits of artificial incubation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline conditions necessary for artificial incubation.
Highlight management practices of an incubator.
State merits & demerits of artificial incubation.

discussion,questions
Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.

artificial incubator

KLB BK IV
Pg 7-8
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 5-6

POULTRY

Artificial brooding.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify requirements for an artificial brooder.

Exposition;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.

Artificial brooder.

KLB BK IV
Pg 10-11
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 8-9

POULTRY

Brooder & brooder management.
Rearing of growers, layers and broilers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline management practices of a brooder.
Discuss rearing of growers, layers and broilers.

Exposition;
Explanations;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.

Artificial brooder.

KLB BK IV
Pg 11-13
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 8-9

POULTRY

Chicken rearing systems. -Free range rearing system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors considered when choosing a rearing system.
Identify requirements for free-range system.
State merits & demerits of free rage system.

Q/A & discussion.

free range system

KLB BK IV
Pg 15-17

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 13-15

POULTRY

- Fold system.
- Deep liter system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe fold system.
State merits & demerits of fold systems.
Describe the requirements for deep liter system of rearing chicks.
State merits & demerits of deep liter systems.

Q/A & discussion.
Q/A & brief discussion.

Chicken folds.
deep littre system

KLB BK IV
Pg 17-18
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 15-16

POULTRY

- Battery cage system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the requirements for battery cage system of rearing chicks.

Q/A & discussion.

Battery cages.

KLB BK IV
Pg 20-21

POULTRY

Factors affecting egg production. Vices.
Stress.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify causes of vices such as egg eating and cannibalism and measures taken for the vices.
State causes of stress in birds.
Outline stress management practices.

Discussion: causes and control of vices.
Q/A & discussion.

resource person

KLB BK IV
Pg 23-24
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 20-21

POULTRY

Culling birds.
Marketing eggs and chicken meat.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term culling.
Give reasons for culling of birds.
State factors considered in sorting and grading eggs for fresh markets.
Outline methods of killing a bird.
Describe dressing of a bird?s carcass.

Brain storming;
Observing characteristics of a good / bad layer.
Discussion.
Teacher?s demonstrations & discussion.
Topic review questions.

eggs

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 20-21

POULTRY

Raising of the young stock.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Explain the importance of feeding calves on colostrum.
Prepare artificial colostrum.

Q/A: qualities of colostrum.
Teacher?s demonstration: colostrum preparation.

Artificial colostrums.

KLB BK IV
Pg 28-29

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 25-26

CATTLE

Methods of calf rearing.
Weaning of calves.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State merits & demerits of natural and artificial methods of calf rearing.
Describe early & late weaning of calves.

Q/A & discussion.
Q/A, exposition & discussion.

Chart - weaning guide.

KLB BK IV
Pg 29-30
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 26-29

CATTLE

Rearing replacement stock.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe routine management practices for rearing replacement stock.
Give reasons for carrying out varying routine practices.

Q/A: review common management routine practices.

Discussion & Q/A. parasite control, castration, disease control, identification, dehorning.

video

KLB BK IV
Pg 32-3

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 30

CATTLE

Calf housing.
Routine management practices in poultry.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of calf pens.
Outline requirements for calf pens.
Analyze routine management practices in calf rearing.

Exposition of new concepts.
Q/A & explanations.
Q/A: review routine management practices in livestock.
Brief discussion.

Calf houses.
video

KLB BK IV
Pg 33-34
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 31

CATTLE

Factors affecting milk composition.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Highlight factors affecting milk composition.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 36-38
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 32

CATTLE

Milk secretion and let-down.
Clean milk.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of the mammary gland.
Describe the flow of milk from the alveoli to the teat canal.
State characteristics of clean milk.
Outline essentials of clean milk production.

Drawing and labeling diagram of the udder.
Exposition of new concepts.
Oral questions & brief discussion.

Chart-
Structure of the udder.
milk

KLB BK IV
Pg 38-40

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 33-34

CATTLE

Milking materials and equipment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
List down necessary milking materials and equipment.
State the purpose of the milking materials and equipment.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

Strip cup.

KLB BK IV
Pg 42-44

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 35-37

CATTLE

Milking procedure and technique.
Dry cow therapy. Milk products. Marketing of milk and beef.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Carry out milking using the correct milking procedure and technique.
Outline rules observed when milking.
Explain the concept of dry cow therapy.
Name various milk products.
Describe marketing of milk, beef & their by-products in Kenya.

Practical activity: milking by hand.
Probing questions on milking rules.
Explanations & brief discussion.

Lactating cow, basic milking equipment.

KLB BK IV
Pg 44-46

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 37

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Sources of power in the farm.
The tractor: Petrol & diesel engines.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe various sources of power in the farm.
State merits & demerits of each source of power.
Identify major parts of the tractor petrol & diesel engines.

Q/A & discussion: animal power, wind power, waterpower, biogas, solar radiation, and fossil fuel.
Exposition of new concepts, drawing illustrative diagrams.

solar,biogas,
Chart- petrol engine & diesel engine.

KLB BK IV
Pg 50-56

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 42-53

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

The four-stroke cycle engine.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the four strokes in an engine
State merits & demerits of the four-stroke cycle engine.

Exposition of new concepts, drawing illustrative diagrams.

Diagrams - The four-stroke cycle.

KLB BK IV
Pg 58-61

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 54-55

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

The two- stroke cycle engine. Structural and functional differences between petrol and diesel engines.
Petrol fuel system of a tractor.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the two strokes in a cycle.
State merits & demerits of two-stroke cycle engine.
State structural and functional differences between petrol and diesel engines.
Describe the petrol fuel system of a tractor.
State maintenance practices of a petrol fuel system of a tractor.

Exposition of new concepts,
drawing; illustrative diagrams;
Discussion.
Block diagram: petrol engine fuel system.

two stroke engine diagram
diagram of a petrol fuel system

KLB BK IV
Pg 61-63


Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 56-57

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Diesel fuel system of a tractor.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the diesel fuel system of a tractor.
State maintenance practices of a diesel fuel system of a tractor.

Block diagram: petrol engine fuel system.
Discussion.

diagram of a diesel fuel system

KLB BK IV
Pg 64-65
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 60-61